RSFSR

MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT

DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS
CAR SERVICE COMPANIES

VSN 01-89

Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR

(instead of SNiPII-93-74)

Moscow 1990

Developed, introduced and prepared for approval by the State Institute for the Design of Automobile Repair and Motor Transport Enterprises and Facilities - "Giproavtotrans" of the Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR.

Performers: A.A. Maslov - topic leader, L.A. Abelevich, T.M. Medvedeva, A.A. Ovanesyan, A.V. Pugin, M.N. Filatova, L.G. Shchunsky

Agreed:

Gosstroy of the USSR (letter dated January 10, 1990 No. ACh-59-7)

Ministry of Health of the USSR (letter dated October 29, 1987 No. 122-9/796-4)

GUPO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (letter dated January 8, 1990 No. 7/6/18)

Central Committee of the Trade Union of Automobile Transport and Highway Workers (letter dated February 17, 1988 No. OT-74)

VSN requirements must be observed when designing enterprises, buildings and road transport structures intended for all types of rolling stock, including vehicles with engines running on gasoline, diesel fuel, compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

VSN requirements apply to the following types of motor transport enterprises listed below, hereinafter referred to as “enterprises”, their buildings and structures intended for storage, maintenance (MRO) and current repair (TR) of rolling stock: motor transport enterprises (ATE), their production and operational branches, industrial motor transport associations (PATO), centralized maintenance bases (BCTO), production and technical plants (PTK), centralized production for maintenance and repair of rolling stock, units, components and parts (CSB), passenger car service stations (STOA), open areas for storing rolling stock, parking garages for storing rolling stock, fuel refueling points (FRP).

Contributed by Giproavtotrans
Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR

Approved by order
Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR
dated January 12, 1990 No. VA-15/10

Validity
from 01/15/90
to 01/01/92

When designing automobile servicing enterprises, the requirements of the All-Union norms of technological design of automobile transport enterprises, labor protection and safety rules in automobile transport, as well as regulatory documents approved and agreed upon by the USSR State Construction Committee, the requirements of which are not specified by these standards, must also be observed.

1. MASTER PLAN

1.1. When designing a master plan for an automobile servicing enterprise, in addition to the requirements of these VSNs, the requirements of SNiP II-89-80 and SNiP 2.07.01-89 must be observed.

1.2. On the territory of the ATP and PATO, two functional zones should be provided - operational and production. The operational zone is intended for organizing the reception, release and inter-shift storage of rolling stock, the performance of SW work and other related work. The production zone is intended to accommodate buildings and structures for the production of TO-1, TO-2 and TR rolling stock. The relative location of the operational and production zones on the territory of the enterprise should ensure the separation of personnel flows (drivers and production workers) when moving from administrative and amenity premises to workplaces and back.

1.3. The territory of the enterprise must have fencing in accordance with the requirements of SN 441-72.

In the fencing of the territory of an enterprise that contains 10 or more maintenance and repair posts or storage of 50 or more cars, at least two entrances (exits) should be provided. For enterprises with fewer posts or vehicle storage areas, one entrance to the territory is allowed. The gate opening in the fence must be at least 4.5´4.5 m.

The gates of the main entrance to the territory of the enterprise should be placed indented from the “red line” at a distance of at least the longest model of rolling stock, including road trains.

In front of the main entrance gate to the enterprise territory, a storage area with a capacity of at least 10 percent of the maximum hourly number of rolling stock arriving at the enterprise should be provided.

1.4. When the enterprise's territory is located on a plot of land limited by two public passages, the main entrance gate should be located on the side of the passage with the least traffic volume.

Entry into the territory of the enterprise must precede exit, counting in the direction of movement along the public passage.

1.5. On the territory of an enterprise with 10 or more maintenance and repair posts or 50 or more vehicle storage areas, the movement of vehicles should be provided in one direction without counter or intersecting flows.

On the territory of the enterprise, regardless of its capacity, oncoming and intersecting vehicle movements are allowed at an intensity of no more than 5 vehicles per hour.

1.6. Distances from open areas and from sheds intended for storing and waiting for rolling stock to buildings and structures of an automobile maintenance enterprise, industrial and other enterprises and organizations should be taken:

1) for industrial buildings and structures:

I, II, IIIa (with zero propagation limit

fire of enclosing structures of walls and

coatings) degree of fire resistance

from the side of walls without openings - not standardized

The same on the side of walls with openings - at least 9 m

III and IIIa degrees of fire resistance from the side

walls without openings - at least 6 m

The same on the side of walls with openings - at least 12 m

IIIb, IV, IVa and V degrees of fire resistance

regardless of the presence of openings - at least 15 m

2) for administrative and residential buildings:

I and II degrees of fire resistance - not less than 9 m

other degrees of fire resistance - not less than 15 m

3) for container cargo platforms

bus stations:

with metal containers - at least 12 m

with wooden containers or

with equipment in flammable packaging - at least 15 m.

On the territory of a service station for passenger cars with a number of posts of 15 or less, the distance from the platforms and sheds for storing and waiting for cars to buildings and structures of fire resistance degrees I and II on the side of walls with openings is not standardized.

The distance from platforms and sheds for storing and waiting for rolling stock to residential and public buildings must be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01-89.

Storage of vehicles transporting fuels and lubricants should be provided in groups with a total capacity of containers for transporting these materials of no more than 600 m3, but not more than 50 vehicles. The distances between groups of vehicles for transporting fuels and lubricants, as well as to storage areas for other vehicles, must be at least 12 m. Distances from storage areas for vehicles for transporting fuels and lubricants to buildings and structures of the enterprise should be taken in accordance with SNiP “General plans of enterprises” » in relation to flammable liquid warehouses, and to administrative and utility buildings and container sites - at least 50 m.

Note: An open storage area for cars should be considered an area occupied by the estimated number of cars with distances between them according to the ONTP of the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR, exceeding the dimensions of this area along the perimeter by 1 m.

When placing rolling stock washing and cleaning stations in an open area or under a canopy, the vertical layout must ensure a slope of at least 3% towards the ladders and prevent the spread of wastewater from rolling stock washing throughout the enterprise.

1.8. As part of the TZP for gasoline and diesel fuel located on the territory of the ATP and PATO, the following structures should be provided:

underground fuel storage tanks,

islands for placing dispensers,

pavilion for installation of TZP control panels.

The TZP pavilion must have a fire resistance rating of at least IIIa. The exit from the TZP pavilion should be provided in the direction opposite to the dispenser.

The distance from the pavilion to the fuel storage tanks should be at least 5 m.

The pavilion may not be provided provided that the fuel filling station control panels are located in a separate room of an industrial building or facility of an enterprise of category B, D or D, taking into account the provision of visual control over the vehicles being refueled. The placement and layout of the fuel filling station must exclude the possibility of spilling (spreading) flammable liquids and flammable liquids throughout the territory.

The distance from the dispenser to other TPP structures should be no less than:

to the TZP pavilion, to the TZP control panel room - 4 m

to the driveway, to the edge of the island for dispensers - 0.8 m

to the underground tank - 4 m

to the dispenser - not standardized

The distance between the dispenser islands should be:

with a single-row arrangement - 1 m more than the width of the car,

refueled vehicles but not less than 3 m

with a two-row arrangement

refueled cars - 1.5 m more than doubled

car width,

but not less than 6 m

The TPP should provide access to underground tanks for draining fuel from automobile tanks; The specified entrance may be combined with the main passage for refueling cars.

A platform should be provided at the neck of the underground fuel tank to provide free access to receiving and measuring devices.

The island for dispensers and the platform at the neck of the tank should have an elevation of 0.15-0.2 m above the adjacent roadway.

The covering of driveways near dispensers and areas near tanks must be designed to be resistant to the effects of petroleum products.

1.9. The distance from the TZP structures to the buildings and structures of the vehicle servicing enterprise should be taken according to the table. 1.

Table 1

Name of buildings and structures	distance to TZP structures not less than, m		Platform for gas station
Name of buildings and structures	underground fuel storage tanks	dispensers	Platform for gas station

1. Industrial buildings and structures:
I, II and IIIa (with zero limit of fire spread of enclosing structures of walls and coverings) degrees of fire resistance
III and IIIa fire resistance degrees
IIIb, IV, IVa and V degrees of fire resistance
2. Administrative and service buildings
3. Open areas and sheds for storing rolling stock

Note: Distances from the TZP to buildings and structures of other enterprises should be taken according to SNiP II-89-80 and SNiP 2.07.01-89.

1.10. The distance from parking garages, open areas for parking cars, as well as service stations to residential buildings and public buildings should be taken according to SNiP 2.07.01-89.

The distance from enterprises servicing trucks and buses (from the boundaries of their land plots) to residential buildings and public buildings should be taken:

Trucks and public transport buses - 100 m

Passenger vehicles, other than automobiles,

Citizen-owned and buses - 50 m

2. SPACE-PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS FOR BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES

2.1. Industrial buildings of automobile service enterprises must be designed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.09.02-85 and these VSN.

table 2

Notes:

1. For vehicles with lengths and widths different from the dimensions indicated in the table. 2, the category of rolling stock is determined by the largest size.

3. Articulated buses belong to category III.

2.3. Production and warehouse premises of maintenance and repair enterprises for servicing cars of categories I, II and III should be located in one building. It is allowed to place premises for maintenance complex, painting, bodywork, tire fitting and related works of rolling stock in a separate building.

2.4. Rolling stock storage premises may be located together with production and storage facilities for maintenance and repair in one building of an enterprise of categories B, D and D.

Rolling stock storage premises must be separated from other premises by fire walls of the 2nd type and ceilings of the 3rd type.

It is allowed to place rolling stock storage facilities in a separate building with the following number of vehicles:

II and III - “ - - 200 - “ -

IV - “ - - 100 - “ -

and a total number of cars of 500 or more, regardless of their categories.

2.5. Storage premises and production and storage facilities for maintenance and repair of rolling stock serving industrial and other enterprises and organizations are allowed to be located in industrial buildings of the II degree of fire resistance of these enterprises and organizations of categories B, D and D, provided that these premises are separated from the rest of the building by fireproof barriers walls of the 2nd type and floors of the 3rd type.

Attached rolling stock storage rooms must be separated from the rest of the building by fire-resistant blind walls of type I.

Storage premises for rolling stock, except for vehicles with engines running on LPG and LNG, may be built into multi-storey public buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance for the purpose indicated above, on the first or ground floor depending on the number of vehicles

and the total number of cars of the specified categories is no more than 20.

It is not allowed to place premises with a total occupancy of more than 50 people above car storage premises.

Built-in storage rooms for rolling stock must be separated from the rest of the building by solid fire partitions of the 1st type and ceilings of the 2nd type and be provided with a smoke removal system in accordance with the requirements set out in paragraph.

In the case of transit laying of utilities (except for water supply and heating networks) through attached and built-in storage rooms for rolling stock, they must be enclosed in solid building structures with a fire resistance limit of 2.5 hours.

Over the gate openings of built-in and attached rolling stock storage rooms, canopies with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours and a width of at least 1 m should be provided to ensure the distance from the edge of the canopy to the bottom of the window openings of a public building is at least 4 m, the distance from the top of the built-in window opening and the attached rolling stock storage room to the bottom of the window opening in a public building must be at least 4 m.

2.8. The degree of fire resistance of parking garage buildings, the floor area within the fire compartment and the permissible number of floors of buildings should be taken according to table. 3.

Fire resistance level of the building	Permissible number of floors of a building	Floor area within the fire compartment of the building, no more than m2
Fire resistance level of the building	Permissible number of floors of a building	one-story	multi-storey

Note: For multi-storey buildings with half-ramps, the total number of floors is calculated as the number of half-storeys divided by two, the floor area is determined as the sum of two adjacent half-storeys.

2.12. When designing ramps, the following standards must be observed:

The longitudinal slope of closed straight ramps along the axis of the traffic lane should be no more than 18%, curved ramps - no more than 13%, the longitudinal slope of open ramps not protected from the precipitation atmosphere - no more than 10%;

The transverse slope of turns of curved and straight ramps should be no more than 6%;

The connection of ramps with horizontal sections of the floor must be smooth, and the distance from the bottom of the car to the floor must be at least 0.1 m;

Wheel guards (barriers) 0.1 m high and 0.2 m wide must be provided on both sides of the roadway of the ramps; the middle barrier separating the carriageways of a double-track ramp must have a width of at least 0.3 m;

On ramps with pedestrian traffic, instead of one wheel breaker (barrier), a sidewalk with a width of at least 0.8 m must be provided; on curved ramps, the sidewalk must be located on the inside;

The distance from the floor of the carriageway of the ramp to protruding building structures or to suspended equipment must be at least 0.2 m greater than the height of the tallest rolling stock, but not less than 2 m.

Sloping interfloor floors should have a slope of no more than 6%.

2.13. In rolling stock storage areas, wheel chocks should be provided along the walls to which the vehicles are installed with their end and longitudinal sides.

The height of wheel chocks for vehicles must be at least:

The distance from the wall to the edge of the wheel breaker must be at least

when installing cars parallel to the wall:

when installing vehicles perpendicular to the wall:

front overhang of the car in

depending on their arrangement.

In vehicle storage areas located under residential buildings, the design of wheel chocks should prevent the transmission of noise and vibration to residential premises.

Installation of light and sound alarms from gas analyzers before entering (exiting) a room in the event of the formation of an explosive concentration and operation of exhaust ventilation.

2.23. Rolling stock storage rooms may be designed without natural light or with natural light insufficient for biological effects.

2.24. Underground parking garages should be designed as one-story and can be located:

in undeveloped areas - under driveways, roads, squares, squares, lawns and other areas;

under public buildings, except for institutional buildings specified in SNiP 2.07.01-89;

under residential buildings - only for passenger cars owned by citizens in accordance with SNiP 2.08.01-89;

under industrial buildings of at least II degree of fire resistance of enterprises with premises categories B, D and D for fire hazard.

Note: An underground parking garage is a room associated with storing cars in the basement, as well as in the basement with the top of the ceiling not higher than 2 meters from the level of the ground level.

Production and warehouse premises

2.28. To perform individual types or groups of maintenance and repair work on rolling stock, installed by the technological part of the project, taking into account their fire hazard and sanitary requirements, a separate room should be provided, separated by fire partitions and ceilings, depending on the degree of fire resistance of the building in accordance with SNiP 2.09.02-85 .

In enterprises with the number of cars of categories I, II and III up to 200 inclusive and the number of cars of category IV up to 50 inclusive, as well as at service stations with the number of maintenance and repair posts up to 10 inclusive, work related to the repair of units, plumbing, mechanical, electrical and radio repair work, tool repair work, repair and manufacture of technological equipment, fixtures and production tools may be carried out in the same room with rolling stock maintenance and repair stations, isolated from other rooms by a type 1 fire partition.

Tire fitting work may be carried out in the premises of maintenance and repair posts.

Notes:

1. At service stations with a number of maintenance and repair posts up to 10 inclusive, in the premises of maintenance and repair posts it is allowed to place posts for body repair using welding, provided that these posts must be fenced with solid fireproof screens 2.5 m high from the floor and provided with a centralized gas supply.

2. Openings between the washing work rooms of the EO complex and adjacent storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock may be filled with waterproof curtains.

3. Chambers for washing cars of category I are allowed to be placed in the premises of maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock.

2.29. Premises for painting work should be designed in accordance with the “Rules and Standards of Safety, Fire Safety and Industrial Sanitation for Painting Shops” approved by the Ministry of Chemical Neftemash.

When placing painting and drying chambers operating on liquid and gaseous fuels (AFIT VNR, etc.) in the painting work room, a separate heat generator room should be provided, which should be located near the outer wall with access to the outside and separated from other rooms by fire partitions 1 type 3 and type 3 floors.

2.30. For the storage of spare parts and materials specified below in each subparagraph, a separate room should be provided, fenced off with fire partitions and ceilings, depending on the degree of fire resistance of the building:

a) engines, units, components, parts, non-flammable materials, metals, tools, valuable scrap (non-ferrous metal, etc.);

b) car tires (tubes and tyres);

c) lubricants;

d) paints and varnishes;

e) solid combustible materials (paper, cardboard, rags).

A room for storing car tires with an area of more than 50 m2 should be located near the outer wall of a building with a window opening.

2.31. Areas for welding work must be provided with a centralized gas supply. The laying of gas communications should be provided only within the premises of the welding area.

Storage of filled and empty oxygen and acetylene cylinders in quantities of up to 10 pieces inclusive of each name may be carried out in separate metal cabinets installed in the partitions between window or door openings outside industrial buildings with a distance of at least 0.5 m from the cabinet to the edge of the partition.

2.32. The storage room for lubricants with containers for fresh and used oils and lubricants and pumping equipment for their transportation should be located near the outer wall of the building with direct access to the outside.

In the premises of rolling stock maintenance and repair posts, it is allowed to store fresh and used lubricating oils in tanks with a total capacity of no more than 5 m3, located indoors or in a pit, as well as install pumping equipment for transporting lubricants.

Administrative and service premises

2.33. When designing administrative and service premises of automobile service enterprises, the requirements of SNiP 2.09.04-87 and these VSN must be observed.

2.34. To store the clothes of car drivers, drivers and bus conductors when the number of workers in the largest shift is 150 people or more, dressing rooms with service and a number of places on hangers equal to their payroll number should be provided; with less than 150 people Clothes should be stored in closets.

2.35. To store the clothes of drivers of group Ib, street and home clothes of drivers of groups Ib and III, it is allowed to provide dressing rooms with service and a number of places on hangers equal to their payroll number; dressing rooms for workwear for groups Ib and III, stored in closets, should be located adjacent to dressing rooms for street and home clothes.

2.36. The number of shower nets for truck drivers, washbasins, toilets and urinals for all drivers and conductors should be taken at the rate of 50% of the largest number of them returning to the enterprise within one hour; groups of sanitary characteristics of drivers and conductors should be taken in accordance with the “List of professions working in car maintenance and auto repair enterprises with their assignment to groups of production processes” approved by the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR.

2.37. In the household premises, in accordance with the design assignment, it is allowed to provide steam rooms (“saunas”), which must be located in accordance with SNiP 2.09.04-87.

The number of seats in the steam room when placed as part of a wardrobe block should be taken at the rate of 1 space per 4 shower nets in the shower room.

Changing rooms for steam rooms should be taken at the rate of 1.8 m2 per 1 place.

2.38. The area of the steam room should be taken at the rate of 1.5 m2 per 1 place, but not less than 6 m2, the capacity of the steam room should be no more than 8 places. The steam room must be connected to the shower room and the rest room (at the rate of 3 m2 per 1 place in the steam room, but not less than 12 m2) through the pre-shower room.

2.39. In parallel rooms, it is allowed to install micro-pools at the rate of 4 m2 for every 4 people using the steam room. The entrance to the micro-pool room must be provided through the pre-shower room.

2.40. The number of seats in canteens and buffets should be taken depending on the number of workers in the largest shift, taking into account 10% of the number of drivers and conductors working in this shift. If it is necessary to organize public catering for more than 10% of the number of drivers and conductors, their estimated number should be determined by the design assignment.

2.41. To organize meals for workers on evening and night shifts when the number of workers in one of these shifts is 30 people. or more, a buffet with hot dishes should be provided if the number of people is less than 30 people. - meal room.

2.42. In canteens, it is necessary to provide dietary meals at the rate of 20% of the total number of seats in the dining room.

2.43. In enterprises with fewer than 1000 employees. premises for trade and consumer services should be provided in accordance with the design specifications.

2.44. In enterprises with more than 500 employees, it is recommended to organize sports and recreation complexes as part of health centers, playgrounds for playing team sports (volleyball, basketball, etc.), as well as gyms and swimming pools, which can be provided in accordance with the tasks for design.

When designing sports and recreation complexes, the requirements of VSN 46-86 “Sports and physical culture and recreation facilities. Design standards".

2.45. To carry out treatment and preventive work, enterprises should provide health centers, health rooms and pre-trip and post-trip inspection rooms.

The composition and area of these premises are shown in Table 4.

Table 4

Premises	Area, m2, based on the number of employees at the enterprise
Premises

1. Health Center
hygiene room and physical therapy room with the standard area per person - 5 m2
psychological relief room
physiotherapy room
massage room
2. Health room
3. Pre-trip and post-trip inspection room

Notes:

1. Physiotherapeutic rooms as part of a health center should be provided in the absence of such an office as part of a health center.

2. Given the number of employees, St. 500 people In the hygienic and physical therapy room, a massage cabin with an area of 8 m2 should be provided.

3. Hygiene and physical therapy rooms must have showers (1 net per 10 people) and changing rooms (1.3 m2 per person).

2.46. Health office at an enterprise with a staff of St. 300 to 500 people should be provided at the health center.

2.47. Health room at an enterprise with less than 300 employees. should be located next to the pre-trip and post-trip inspection room for drivers.

2.48. The premises listed in paragraphs. - , - , refer to the administrative premises of motor transport enterprises; when designing them, the requirements of SNiP 2.09.04-87 should be observed.

4.3. Heating of storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock, as a rule, should be provided by air, combined with fresh ventilation.

Heating with local heating devices with a smooth surface without fins is allowed in car storage rooms in one-story buildings, with a volume of up to 10,000 m3 inclusive, as well as in car storage rooms in multi-story buildings, regardless of volume.

4.4. In storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock, emergency heating should be provided using:

Supply ventilation switched to recirculation during non-working hours;

Heating and recirculation units;

Air-thermal curtains;

Local heating devices with a smooth surface without fins.

Note: Ventilation and air heating systems operating with recirculation must have automatic and remote centralized shutdown (in the entire building) in case of fire. Devices for remote centralized shutdown of these systems should be placed outside rooms with air recirculation - near emergency exits from the building.

4.5. The heat requirement for heating rolling stock entering the premises should be taken in the amount of 0.029 watts per hour per kg of mass in running order per one degree difference in the temperatures of the external and internal air.

Heat consumption for heating category 1 passenger cars in areas with an estimated outside temperature of the coldest five-day period of 15 °C and above should not be taken into account.

4.6. External gates of storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock should be equipped with air-thermal curtains in areas with an average design outside air temperature of 15 °C, and below under the following conditions:

When there are five or more entries or exits per hour per gate in the premises of rolling stock maintenance and repair posts;

When maintenance posts are located at a distance of 4 meters or less from the external gate;

When there are 20 or more entries and exits per hour per gate in the storage area for rolling stock, except for passenger cars owned by citizens;

When storing 50 or more passenger cars belonging to citizens in the premises.

Thermal air curtains must be switched on and off automatically.

4.7. To ensure the required air conditions in storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock, general supply and exhaust ventilation with mechanical drive should be provided, taking into account the operating mode of the enterprise and the amount of harmful emissions installed in the technological part of the project.

4.8. In rolling stock storage rooms, including ramps, air removal should be provided equally from the upper and lower zones of the room; The supply of fresh air to the room should, as a rule, be carried out concentrated along the passages.

Air ducts for removing air from the lower zone of the floor may be located in wheel breakers (sidewalks).

4.9. In multi-storey parking garages, where the floors are isolated from each other and from the ramps, the supply and exhaust ventilation systems (fan and air ducts) of the car storage rooms must be separate for each floor. Supply air ducts may be combined into one main line in front of the fan, provided that automatic check valves are installed in the branches to the floors. In multi-storey garages, where the floors are not isolated from each other, it is allowed to design supply and exhaust ventilation systems for car storage rooms common to all floors.

4.10. In the premises of maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock, air removal by general ventilation systems should be provided from the upper and lower zones equally, taking into account the exhaust from inspection ditches, and the supply of supply air should be dispersed into the working area and into inspection ditches, as well as into pits connecting inspection ditches , and into tunnels provided for exit from travel ditches.

The temperature of the supply air into inspection ditches, pits and tunnels during the cold season should not be lower than +16 °C and not higher than +25 °C.

The amount of supply and exhaust air per cubic meter of volume of inspection ditches, pits and tunnels should be taken based on their tenfold air exchange.

4.11. Air heating ventilation systems for rolling stock storage rooms should be designed separately from similar systems for other purposes.

4.12. In industrial premises connected through doors and gates without a vestibule with storage rooms and maintenance and repair stations, the volume of supply air should be taken with a coefficient of 1.05.

At the same time, in storage rooms and maintenance and repair stations, the volume of supply air should be correspondingly reduced.

4.13. In the premises of maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock at posts associated with the operation of vehicle engines, local suction should be provided.

The amount of air removed from operating engines, depending on their power, should be taken as follows:

up to 90 kW (120 hp) inclusive - 350 m3/h

St. 90 to 130 kW (120 to 180 hp) - 500 m3/h

St. 130 to 175 kW (180 to 240 hp) - 650 m3/h

St. 175 kW (240 hp) - 800 m3/h

The number of cars connected to the system of local suction with mechanical removal is not limited.

When placing no more than five posts for maintenance and repair of vehicles in a room, it is allowed to design local suction with natural removal for vehicles with a power of no more than 130 kW (180 hp)

The amount of engine exhaust gases escaping into the room should be taken as follows:

with hose suction - 10%

with open suction - 25%

4.14. In the premises of unheated parking garages with a capacity of up to 25 passenger cars belonging to citizens, and in the premises of unheated parking lots for all other cars, when leaving no more than two cars per hour through one external gate, it is allowed to provide natural ventilation.

In the premises of unheated parking garages using air heating of car engines, it is allowed to use natural air flow and mechanically forced air removal from the lower and upper zones.

When removing air from local suction using mechanical ventilation, its temperature should not exceed 80 °C.

6.3. Industrial and warehouse premises that are not subject to being equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations must be equipped with automatic fire alarms, in accordance with paragraphs. and, with the exception of industrial premises of categories “G” and “D”.

Notes:

1. If a security alarm device is necessary, the specified premises must be equipped with an automatic security and fire alarm system.

2. Warehouses for storing chemicals and combustible materials, as well as units and parts in combustible containers (packaging) must be equipped with an automatic fire alarm in accordance with SNiP 2.11.01-85.

7. additional requirements for enterprises servicing gas-cylinder vehicles

7.1. When designing enterprises, buildings and structures for servicing vehicles with engines running on CNG and LPG, as well as when jointly servicing these vehicles with vehicles running on gasoline and diesel fuel, the requirements of sections 1 - 6 of the standards and this section must be observed.

The requirements of this section do not apply to storage premises, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock when gas-cylinder vehicles with empty degassed cylinders enter these premises.

7.2. On the territory of enterprises servicing gas-cylinder vehicles, an area under a canopy made of non-combustible materials should be provided for a post for draining LPG or releasing LNG, followed by degassing (purging) of the cylinders with non-flammable (inert) gas. The site should be located on the leeward side in relation to the production and auxiliary buildings of the enterprise.

When vehicles with engines running on CNG and LPG are used together in an enterprise, gas release and discharge stations can be located on the same site. In order to ensure work safety, the posts are separated by a solid fireproof partition with a height exceeding the maximum height of the rolling stock being serviced by at least 0.5 m.

The canopy for LPG discharge and LNG release stations must be without enclosing structures on at least 2 sides.

7.3. A gas pipeline for relieving the pressure of gases in cylinders at the LNG release station and degassing the cylinders after releasing LNG and draining LPG must be provided with a diameter of at least 50 mm and discharged 6 m from the floor level, but not less than 1 m above the roof of the nearby buildings indicated in clause 7.4 within a radius of up to 20 m.

7.4. The distance from the LPG discharge station or LNG release station sites to buildings and structures should be taken according to Table 8; from mobile gas tankers - according to SNiP 2.04.08-87.

Table 8

Buildings and constructions	Distances from LPG discharge or LNG outlet sites, not less than, m
Buildings and constructions	Canopy for LPG discharge or LNG outlet	Underground LNG tanks with a single capacity of 25 m3 and a total capacity of up to 50 m3	Underground LPG tanks with a single capacity of up to 5 m3 and a total capacity of up to 10 m3

Public buildings and structures
Residential buildings
Industrial, administrative and domestic buildings
Canopy for LPG discharge or LNG outlet
Outdoor parking

7.5. At enterprises servicing gas-cylinder vehicles, an area under a canopy made of non-combustible materials should be provided for storing empty degassed automobile cylinders, as well as metal cabinets or fireproof sheds for storing filled cylinders with non-flammable (inert) gas in quantities of up to 10 forty-liter cylinders inclusive.

The distance from the indicated sites with an area of up to 200 m2 to the blank wall of buildings and structures of enterprises of I, II and III degrees of fire resistance is not standardized; to buildings of enterprises of I and II degrees with openings, as well as to other buildings, distances should be taken in accordance with clause 8.117 of SNiP 2.04.08-87.

7.6. Metal cabinets for storing no more than 10 filled cylinders with non-flammable (inert) gas with a cabinet depth of no more than 1 m are allowed to be located directly at the consumer of this gas - the LPG discharge or LNG outlet.

7.7. Storage premises and maintenance and repair posts for gas-cylinder vehicles can be located in multi-storey buildings of fire resistance class I and II with a number of floors of no more than seven.

Storing gas-cylinder vehicles in underground parking garages is not permitted.

7.8. The premises of control stations for gas supply system devices directly on vehicles should be separated from other production premises by fire partitions of the 1st type and ceilings of the 3rd type. It is allowed not to provide separate posts for adjusting gas power system devices on cars if the enterprise has a separate isolated room for in-depth diagnostics (D-2) of cars that meets the specified requirements.

7.22. The premises of the pump and compressor department and the degassing section of LPG cylinders should be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.08-87.

Concentration of suspended solids in surface wastewater

Notes:

1. The concentration of suspended substances indicated in the table when operating vehicles of category I, II and III on roads with gravel and crushed stone surfaces should be taken with a coefficient of 1.2, and when operating on dirt roads - with a coefficient of 1.5.

2. The concentration of petroleum products in surface wastewater should be 40 mg/l, and the biochemical oxygen demand should be 30 mg/l.

DEVELOPED, INTRODUCED and PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the State Institute for the Design of Automotive Repair and Motor Transport Enterprises and Facilities - "Giproavtotrans" of the Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR.

AGREED BY the State Construction Committee of the USSR (letter dated January 10, 1990 No. ACh-59-7), the USSR Ministry of Health (letter dated October 29, 1987 No. 122-9/796-4), GUPO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (letter dated January 8, 1990). No. 7/6/18), Central Committee of the Trade Union of Automobile Transport and Highway Workers (letter dated February 17, 1988 No. OT-74).

VSN requirements apply to the following types of motor transport enterprises listed below, hereinafter referred to as “enterprises”, their buildings and structures intended for storage, maintenance (MRO) and current repair (TR) of rolling stock: motor transport enterprises (ATE), their production and operational branches, industrial motor transport associations (PATO), centralized maintenance bases (BCTO), production and technical plants (PTK), centralized production for maintenance and repair of rolling stock, units, components and parts (CSP), passenger car service stations (STOA), open areas for storing rolling stock, parking garages for storing rolling stock, fuel refueling points (FRP).

1.1. When designing a master plan for an automobile servicing enterprise, in addition to the requirements of these VSNs, the requirements of SNiP II-89-80 and SNiP 2.07.01-89 must be observed.

1.2. On the territory of the ATP and PATO, two functional zones should be provided - operational and production. The operational zone is intended for organizing the reception, release and inter-shift storage of rolling stock, the performance of SW work and other related work. The production zone is intended to accommodate buildings and structures for the production of TO-1, TO-2 and TR rolling stock. The relative location of the operational and production areas on the territory of the enterprise should ensure the separation of personnel flows (drivers and production workers) when moving from administrative and amenity premises to workplaces and back.

The gates of the main entrance to the territory of the enterprise should be placed with a distance from the “red line” at a distance of at least the longest model of rolling stock, including road trains.

1.4. When the enterprise's territory is located on a plot of land limited by two public passages, the main entrance gate should be located on the side of the passage with the least traffic volume.

On the territory of the enterprise, regardless of its capacity, oncoming and intersecting vehicle movements are allowed at an intensity of no more than 5 vehicles per hour.

1.6. Distances from open areas and from sheds intended for storing and waiting for rolling stock to buildings and structures of automobile service enterprises, industrial and other enterprises and organizations should be accepted.

RSFSR
MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT
DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS
CAR SERVICE COMPANIES
VSN 01-89
Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR
(instead of SNiP II-93-74)
Moscow 1990
Developed, introduced and prepared for approval by the State Institute for the Design of Automobile Repair and Motor Transport Enterprises and Facilities - "Giproavtotrans" of the Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR.
Performers: A.A. Maslov - topic leader, L.A. Abelevich, T.M. Medvedeva, A.A. Ovanesyan, A.V. Pugin, M.N. Filatova, L.G. Shchunsky
Agreed:
Gosstroy of the USSR (letter dated January 10, 1990 No. ACh-59-7)
Ministry of Health of the USSR (letter dated October 29, 1987 No. 122-9/796-4)
GUPO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (letter dated January 8, 1990 No. 7/6/18)
Central Committee of the Trade Union of Automobile Transport and Highway Workers (letter dated February 17, 1988 No. OT-74)
Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR (Minavtotrans of the RSFSR) Departmental construction standards VSN 01-89
Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR
Automobile service enterprises Developed for the first time
Table of contents
1. MASTER PLAN
2. SPACE-PLANNING AND CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTIONS FOR BUILDINGS AND STRUCTURES
Rolling stock storage facilities
Production and warehouse premises
Administrative and service premises
3. WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE
4. HEATING AND VENTILATION
5. ELECTRICAL DEVICES
6. AUTOMATIC FIRE FIGHTING AND AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM
7. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENTERPRISES SERVICING GAS CYLINDER VEHICLES
Recommended application Suspended solids concentration in surface wastewater

Departmental construction standards (BCN) for automobile service enterprises are intended for the development of projects for the construction of new, reconstruction, expansion and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises.
VSN requirements must be observed when designing enterprises, buildings and road transport structures intended for all types of rolling stock, including vehicles with engines running on gasoline, diesel fuel, compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
VSN requirements apply to the following types of motor transport enterprises listed below, hereinafter referred to as “enterprises”, their buildings and structures intended for storage, maintenance (MRO) and current repair (TR) of rolling stock: motor transport enterprises (ATE), their production and operational branches, industrial motor transport associations (PATO), centralized maintenance bases (BCTO), production and technical plants (PTK), centralized production for maintenance and repair of rolling stock, units, components and parts (CSB), passenger car service stations (STOA), open areas for storing rolling stock, parking garages for storing rolling stock, fuel refueling points (FRP).
Contributed by Giproavtotrans
Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR Approved by order
Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR
dated January 12, 1990 No. VA-15/10 Validity period
from 01/15/90
to 01/01/92
When designing automobile servicing enterprises, the requirements of the All-Union norms of technological design of automobile transport enterprises, labor protection and safety rules in automobile transport, as well as regulatory documents approved and agreed upon by the USSR State Construction Committee, the requirements of which are not specified by these standards, must also be observed.
1. MASTER PLAN
1.1. When designing a master plan for an automobile servicing enterprise, in addition to the requirements of these VSNs, the requirements of SNiP II-89-80 and SNiP 2.07.01-89 must be observed.
1.2. On the territory of the ATP and PATO, two functional zones should be provided - operational and production. The operational zone is intended for organizing the reception, release and inter-shift storage of rolling stock, the performance of SW work and other related work. The production zone is intended to accommodate buildings and structures for the production of TO-1, TO-2 and TR rolling stock. The relative location of the operational and production zones on the territory of the enterprise should ensure the separation of personnel flows (drivers and production workers) when moving from administrative and amenity premises to workplaces and back.
1.3. The territory of the enterprise must have a fence in accordance with the requirements of SN 441-72.
In the fencing of the territory of an enterprise that contains 10 or more maintenance and repair posts or storage of 50 or more cars, at least two entrances (exits) should be provided. For enterprises with fewer posts or vehicle storage areas, one entrance to the territory is allowed. The gate opening in the fence must be at least 4.5´4.5 m.
The gates of the main entrance to the territory of the enterprise should be placed indented from the “red line” at a distance of at least the longest model of rolling stock, including road trains.
In front of the main entrance gate to the enterprise territory, a storage area with a capacity of at least 10 percent of the maximum hourly number of rolling stock arriving at the enterprise should be provided.
1.4. When the enterprise's territory is located on a plot of land limited by two public passages, the main entrance gate should be located on the side of the passage with the least traffic volume.
Entry into the territory of the enterprise must precede exit, counting in the direction of movement along the public passage.

VSN 01-89

DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS

CAR SERVICE COMPANIES

Valid from 01/15/90
to 01.01.92*
_____________________
* VSN 01-89 is given as valid in the Index of regulatory
construction documents valid on the territory
Russian Federation
(as of 04/01/2002)
Note "CODE".

A.A. Maslov, topic leader, L.A. Abelevich, T.M. Medvedeva, A.A. Ovanesyan, A.V. Putin, M.N. Filatova, L.G. Shunsky

AGREED BY the State Construction Committee of the USSR (letter dated January 10, 1990 No. ACh-59-7), the USSR Ministry of Health (letter dated October 29, 1987 No. 122-9/796-4), GUPO Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR (letter dated January 8, 1990). No. 7/6/18), Central Committee of the Trade Union of Automobile Transport and Highway Workers (letter dated February 17, 1988 No. OT-74).

APPROVED by order of the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR dated January 12, 1990 No. VA-15/10.

INSTEAD SNiP II-93-74.

DEVELOPED FOR THE FIRST TIME.

Departmental construction standards (BCN) for automobile service enterprises are intended for the development of projects for the construction of new, reconstruction, expansion and technical re-equipment of existing enterprises.

VSN requirements must be observed when designing enterprises, buildings and road transport structures intended for all types of rolling stock, including vehicles with engines running on gasoline, diesel fuel, compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

VSN requirements apply to the following types of motor transport enterprises listed below, hereinafter referred to as “enterprises”, their buildings and structures intended for storage, maintenance (MRO) and current repair (TR) of rolling stock: motor transport enterprises (ATE), their production and operational branches, industrial motor transport associations (PATO), centralized maintenance bases (BCTO), production and technical plants (PTK), centralized production for maintenance and repair of rolling stock, units, components and parts (CSP), passenger car service stations (STOA), open areas for storing rolling stock, parking garages for storing rolling stock, fuel refueling points (FRP).

When designing automobile servicing enterprises, the requirements of the All-Union norms of technological design of automobile transport enterprises, labor protection and safety rules in automobile transport, as well as regulatory documents approved and agreed upon by the USSR State Construction Committee, the requirements of which are not specified by these standards, must also be observed.

1. Master plan

1.1. When designing a master plan for an automobile servicing enterprise, in addition to the requirements of these VSNs, the requirements of SNiP II-89-80 and SNiP 2.07.01-89 must be observed.

1.2. On the territory of the ATP and PATO, two functional zones should be provided - operational and production. The operational zone is intended for organizing the reception, release and inter-shift storage of rolling stock, the performance of SW work and other related work. The production zone is intended to accommodate buildings and structures for the production of TO-1, TO-2 and TR rolling stock. The relative location of the operational and production areas on the territory of the enterprise should ensure the separation of personnel flows (drivers and production workers) when moving from administrative and amenity premises to workplaces and back.

1.3. The territory of the enterprise must have fencing in accordance with the requirements of SN 441-72.

In the fencing of the territory of an enterprise that contains 10 or more maintenance and repair posts or storage of 50 or more cars, at least two entrances (exits) should be provided. For enterprises with fewer posts or vehicle storage areas, one entrance to the territory is allowed. The gate opening in the fence must be at least 4.5 x 4.5 m.

The gates of the main entrance to the territory of the enterprise should be placed with a distance from the “red line” at a distance of at least the longest model of rolling stock, including road trains.

In front of the main entrance gate to the enterprise territory, a storage area with a capacity of at least 10 percent of the maximum hourly number of rolling stock arriving at the enterprise should be provided.

1.4. When the enterprise's territory is located on a plot of land limited by two public passages, the main entrance gate should be located on the side of the passage with the least traffic volume.

Entry into the territory of the enterprise must precede exit, counting in the direction of movement along the public passage.

On the territory of the enterprise, regardless of its capacity, oncoming and intersecting vehicle movements are allowed at an intensity of no more than 5 vehicles per hour.

1) for industrial buildings and structures:

I, II, IIIa (with zero propagation limit
fire protection of enclosing structures of walls and coverings)
The degree of fire resistance on the side of walls without openings is not standardized.

The same, from the side of walls with openings - at least 9 m

III and IIIa degrees of fire resistance from the side
walls without openings - at least 6 m

The same, from the side of walls with openings - at least 12 m

regardless of the presence of openings - at least 15 m

2) for administrative and residential buildings:

I and II degrees of fire resistance - not less than 9 m

Other degrees of fire resistance - not less than 15 m

3) for container sites at freight bus stations:

With metal containers - at least 12 m

With wooden containers or with
equipment in flammable packaging - at least 15 m.

Storage and waiting areas for vehicles transporting toxic materials, infectious materials, fecal fluids and garbage must be located at a distance of at least 10 m from each other and from storage areas for other vehicles.

On the territory of a service station for passenger cars with a number of posts of 15 or less, the distance from the platforms and sheds for storing and waiting for cars to buildings and structures of fire resistance degrees I and II on the side of walls with openings is not standardized.

The distance from platforms and sheds for storing and waiting for rolling stock to residential and public buildings must be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01-89.

Storage of vehicles transporting fuels and lubricants should be provided in groups with a total capacity of containers for transporting these materials of no more than 600 m3, but no more than 50 vehicles. The distances between groups of vehicles for transporting fuels and lubricants, as well as to storage areas for other vehicles, must be at least 12 m. Distances from storage areas for vehicles for transporting fuels and lubricants to buildings and structures of the enterprise should be taken according to SNiP "General plans of enterprises" " in relation to flammable liquid warehouses, and to administrative and utility buildings and container sites - at least 50 m.

Note: An open storage area for vehicles should be considered
area occupied by the estimated number of cars with distances between
them according to the ONTP of the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR exceeding the dimensions of this
area around the perimeter, per 1 m.

1.7. Open areas and areas located under sheds for storing rolling stock must have a hard surface and slopes in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle axes of no more than 1% and in the transverse direction - no more than 4%.

When placing rolling stock washing and cleaning stations in an open area or under a canopy, the vertical layout must ensure a slope of at least 3% towards the ladders and prevent the spread of wastewater from rolling stock washing throughout the enterprise.

1.8. As part of the TZP for gasoline and diesel fuel located on the territory of the ATP and PATO, the following structures should be provided:

underground fuel storage tanks,

islands for placing dispensers,

pavilion for installation of TZP control panels.

The TZP pavilion must have a fire resistance rating of at least IIIa. The exit from the TZP pavilion should be provided in the direction opposite to the dispenser.

The distance from the pavilion to the fuel storage tanks should be at least 5 m.

The pavilion may not be provided provided that the fuel filling station control panels are located in a separate room of an industrial building or facility of an enterprise of category B, D or D, taking into account the provision of visual control over the vehicles being refueled. The placement and layout of the fuel filling station must exclude the possibility of spilling (spreading) flammable liquids and flammable liquids throughout the territory.

The distance from the dispenser to other TPP structures should be no less than:

to the TZP pavilion, to the TZP control panel room - 4 m

Before the driveway, to the edge of the island for dispensers - 0.8 m

To the underground reservoir - 4 m

To the dispenser - not standardized

The distances between islands for dispensers should be taken as follows:

with a single-row arrangement of refueled vehicles - 1 m more
car width,
but not less than 3 m

With a two-row arrangement of refills - 1.5 m more
double width vehicles
car, but
not less than 6 m.

The TPP should provide access to underground tanks for draining fuel from automobile tanks; The specified entrance may be combined with the main passage for refueling cars.

A platform should be provided at the neck of the underground fuel tank to provide free access to receiving and measuring devices.

The island for dispensers and the platform at the neck of the tank should have an elevation of 0.15-0.2 m above the adjacent roadway.

The covering of driveways near dispensers and areas near tanks must be designed to be resistant to the effects of petroleum products.

1.9. The distance from the TZP structures to the buildings and structures of the vehicle servicing enterprise should be taken according to the table. 1.

Table 1


Name of buildings and structures	distance to TZP structures not less than, m		Platform for refueling truck
	underground fuel storage tanks	dispensers

1. Industrial buildings and structures:
I, II and IIIa (with zero limit of fire spread of enclosing structures of walls and coverings) degrees of fire resistance
III and IIIa degrees of fire resistance
IIIb, IV, IVa and V degrees of fire resistance
2. Administrative and service buildings
3. Open areas and sheds for storing rolling stock
Note: Distances from the TZP to buildings and structures of other enterprises should be taken according to SNiP II-89-80 and SNiP 2.07.01-89.

1.10. The distance from parking garages, open areas for parking cars, as well as service stations to residential buildings and public buildings should be taken according to SNiP 2.07.01-89.

The distance from enterprises servicing trucks and buses (from the boundaries of their land plots) to residential buildings and public buildings should be taken:

Trucks and public transport buses - 100 m

Passenger vehicles, other than automobiles,
owned by citizens, and buses - 50 m

2. Space-planning and design solutions for buildings and structures

2.1. Industrial buildings of automobile service enterprises must be designed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.09.02-85 and these VSN.

table 2


	Car dimensions, m

	Up to 6 incl. St. 8 to 12	Up to 2.1 incl. St. 2.1 to 2.5 St. 2.5 to 2.8
Notes: 1. For vehicles with length and width different from the dimensions indicated in the table. 2, the category of rolling stock is determined by the largest size. 3. Articulated buses belong to category III.

2.3. Production and warehouse premises of maintenance and repair enterprises for servicing cars of categories I, II and III should be located in one building. It is allowed to place in a separate building the premises of the EO complex, painting, bodywork, tire fitting and related work of rolling stock technical repairs.

2.4. Rolling stock storage premises may be located together with production and storage facilities for maintenance and repair in one building of an enterprise of categories B, D and D.

Rolling stock storage premises must be separated from other premises by fire walls of the 2nd type and ceilings of the 3rd type.

It is allowed to place rolling stock storage facilities in a separate building with the following number of vehicles:

II and III "- 200"

IV" - 100"

and a total number of cars of 500 or more, regardless of their categories.

2.6. Storage premises for rolling stock, except for vehicles with engines running on LPG and LNG, may be located in extensions to public buildings, with the exception of secondary schools, preschool institutions and medical institutions with hospitals. A multi-storey extension must have a fire resistance rating of at least II.

Attached rolling stock storage rooms must be separated from the rest of the building by fire-resistant blind walls of type I.

Storage facilities for rolling stock, except for vehicles with engines running on LPG and LNG, may be built into multi-storey public buildings of I and II degree of fire resistance for the purpose indicated above, on the first or ground floor depending on the number of vehicles

and the total number of cars of the specified categories is no more than 20.

It is not allowed to place premises with a total occupancy of more than 50 people above car storage premises.

Built-in rolling stock storage rooms must be separated from the rest of the building by solid fire partitions of type 1 and type 2 ceilings and be provided with a smoke removal system in accordance with the requirements set out in clause 4.19.

2.7. For rolling stock storage facilities attached to public buildings and built into public buildings, the installation of independent engineering communications (ventilation, water supply, electrical networks, etc.) should be provided.

In the case of transit laying of utilities (except for water supply and heating networks) through attached and built-in storage rooms for rolling stock, they must be enclosed in solid building structures with a fire resistance limit of 2.5 hours.

Over the gate openings of built-in and attached rolling stock storage rooms, canopies with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours and a width of at least 1 m should be provided to ensure the distance from the edge of the canopy to the bottom of the window openings of a public building is at least 4 m, the distance from the top of the built-in window opening and the attached rolling stock storage room to the bottom of the window opening in a public building must be at least 4 m.

2.8. The degree of fire resistance of parking garage buildings, the floor area within the fire compartment and the permissible number of floors of buildings should be taken according to table. 3.

Table 3


Fire resistance level of the building	Permissible number of floors of a building	Floor area within the fire compartment of the building, no more than m
		one-story	multi-storey


Note: For multi-storey buildings with half-ramps, the total number of floors is calculated as the number of half-storeys divided by two, the floor area is determined as the sum of two adjacent half-storeys.

2.9. To move rolling stock in multi-story buildings, ramps or inclined floors should be provided. In buildings with six floors or more, elevators are allowed. Insulated ramps should be located near the outer wall of the building with natural light and separated from production premises and vehicle storage areas by type 1 fire partitions. Openings in the partition separating the ramp from the storage rooms and maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock must be closed with fire gates or open vestibules must be provided with a length of at least 4 m, equipped with deluge curtains with automatic start-up with a volumetric water flow rate of 1 l/s per 1 m3 of vestibule. The enclosing structures of the vestibule must be fireproof with a fire resistance limit of 0.75 hours. The installation of non-insulated ramps is allowed in the following cases:

a) during the reconstruction and technical re-equipment of enterprises for all types of rolling stock in existing buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance with the existing design of ramps and the installation of appropriate fire barriers within the area of the fire compartment indicated in Table. 3, in this case, the area of the fire compartment must be determined as the sum of the area of the floors connected by non-insulated ramps and ceilings, and not exceed the area of the floor specified for a one-story building;

b) in a building with up to 3 floors of fire resistance class I and II, intended only for storing passenger cars running on gasoline or diesel fuel, with a total floor area of no more than 10,400 m2.

2.10. The number of ramps should be determined by calculation based on the conditions for evacuating all cars from the building within 1 hour when cars are moving at a speed of 15 km/h and an interval of 20 m between them.

In this case, the type and number of ramps should be taken into account the number of cars located on all floors except the first:

up to 100 inclusive - at least one single-track ramp

St. 100 to 200 - "one double track ramp

St. 200 to 1000 - "two single-track ramps

St. 1000 - " three single-track ramps or
two double-track ramps.

2.11. The number of elevators should be taken at the rate of one stationary elevator for every 100 cars, one mobile elevator for every 200 cars, but in all cases at least two elevators.

Enclosing structures of elevator shafts, elevator machine rooms, shaft channels and niches for laying communications should be designed in accordance with SNiP 2.01.02-85.

2.12. When designing ramps, the following standards must be observed:

- the longitudinal slope of closed straight ramps along the axis of the traffic lane should be no more than 18%, curved ramps - no more than 13%, the longitudinal slope of open ramps not protected from the precipitation atmosphere - no more than 10%,

- the transverse slope of turns of curved and straight ramps should be no more than 6%,

- the connection of ramps with horizontal sections of the floor must be smooth, and the distance from the bottom of the car to the floor must be at least 0.1 m;

- wheel guards (barriers) 0.1 m high and 0.2 m wide must be provided on both sides of the roadway of the ramps; the middle barrier separating the carriageways of a double-track ramp must have a width of at least 0.3 m;

- on ramps with pedestrian traffic, instead of a single wheel guard (barrier), a sidewalk with a width of at least 0.8 m should be provided; on curved ramps, the sidewalk should be located on the inside;

- the distance from the floor of the carriageway of the ramp to protruding building structures or to suspended equipment must be at least 0.2 m greater than the height of the tallest rolling stock, but not less than 2 m.

Sloping interfloor ceilings should have a slope of no more than 6%.

2.13. In rolling stock storage areas, wheel chocks should be provided along the walls to which vehicles are installed with their end and longitudinal sides.

The height of wheel chocks for vehicles must be at least:

II and III cat. - 0.30 m

The distance from the wall to the edge of the wheel breaker must be at least

when installing cars parallel to the wall:

III and IV " - 0.7 m

when installing vehicles perpendicular to the wall:

In vehicle storage areas located under residential buildings, the design of wheel chocks should prevent the transmission of noise and vibration to residential premises.

2.14. The number of external gates in the building for entry into and exit from storage premises, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock located on the ground floor, except for the storage premises for passenger cars belonging to citizens, should be taken with the number of cars:

up to 25 inclusive - one gate

St. 25 to 100 - two gates

St. 100 - two gates and additionally one gate
100 cars.

The number of external gates for entry and exit from the storage room, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock located on the 1st floor, except for a room with one external gate, may be reduced by one gate, provided that entry and exit is possible through one adjacent room, provided with regulatory the number of external gates calculated for the total number of cars in these premises.

In enterprise buildings where storage of rolling stock is provided, maintenance and repair rooms can be located only on the first and last floors without the transit movement of vehicles on the floors (with isolated ramps).

2.15. In multi-storey buildings for the entry and exit of rolling stock from the second and higher floors, in addition to the number of external gates designed for exit from the first floor, one external gate should be provided for each lane of traffic on ramps and one gate for every two stationary or mobile elevators. Insulated ramps must have direct access to the outside.

When using non-insulated ramps in the cases specified in clause 2.9, it is allowed to carry out exits of rolling stock from the overlying floors through the premises of the first floor, while in addition to the number of gates on the 1st floor of the building specified in clause 2.14, one additional external gate should be accepted for each lane on ramps.

2.16. From rolling stock storage rooms located in the basement and ground floors, dispersed exits directly outside should be provided in the amount specified in clauses 2.14 and 2.25. Entry (exit) of cars from the ground or basement floors of the building through the first floor is not allowed.

2.17. The number of external gates in buildings with storage rooms for passenger cars belonging to citizens, regardless of the type and number of floors of the building, except underground ones, should be taken with the number of cars:

up to 50 inclusive - one gate

St. 50 to 200 - two gates

St. 200 - two gates and additionally one gate
for each subsequent full or incomplete
200 cars.

Valid Editorial from 01.01.1970

Name of document	DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS "CAR SERVICE ENTERPRISES" VSN 01-89 (approved by Order of the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR dated January 12, 1990 N VA-15/10)
Document type	order
Receiving authority	Ministry of Autotrans of the RSFSR
Document Number	VA-15/10
Acceptance date	01.01.1970
Revision date	01.01.1970
Date of registration with the Ministry of Justice	01.01.1970
Status	valid
Publication	Official publication M.: 1990
Navigator	Notes

DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS "CAR SERVICE ENTERPRISES" VSN 01-89 (approved by Order of the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR dated January 12, 1990 N VA-15/10)

APPROVED
By order
Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR
dated January 12, 1990 N VA-15/10

1.2. On the territory of the ATP and PATO, two functional zones should be provided - operational and production. The operational zone is intended for organizing the reception, release and inter-shift storage of rolling stock, the performance of SW work and other related work. The production zone is intended to accommodate buildings and structures for the production of TO-1, TO-2 and TR rolling stock. The relative location of the operational and production areas on the territory of the enterprise should ensure the separation of personnel flows (drivers and production workers) when moving from administrative and amenity premises to workplaces and back.

1.3. The territory of the enterprise must have a fence in accordance with the requirements of SN 441-72.

1.4. When the enterprise's territory is located on a plot of land limited by two public passages, the main entrance gate should be located on the side of the passage with the least traffic volume.

Entry into the territory of the enterprise must precede exit, counting in the direction of movement along the public passage.

On the territory of the enterprise, regardless of its capacity, oncoming and intersecting vehicle movements are allowed at an intensity of no more than 5 vehicles per hour.

1) for industrial buildings and structures:

I, II, IIIa (with zero limit of fire spread of enclosing structures with shade coverings) degrees of fire resistance on the side of walls without openings are not standardized.

The same, from the side of walls with openings - at least 9 m

III and IIIa degrees of fire resistance on the side of walls without openings - at least 6 m

The same, from the side of walls with openings - at least 12 m

IIIb, IV, IVa and V degrees of fire resistance, regardless of the presence of openings - at least 15 m

2) for administrative and residential buildings:

I and II degrees of fire resistance - not less than 9 m; other degrees of fire resistance - not less than 15 m

3) for container sites at freight bus stations:

with metal containers - at least 12 m; with wooden containers or equipment in flammable packaging - at least 15 m.

The distance from platforms and sheds for storing and waiting for rolling stock to residential and public buildings must be taken in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01-89.

Storage of vehicles transporting fuels and lubricants should be provided in groups with a total capacity of containers for transporting these materials of no more than 600 m3, but no more than 50 vehicles. The distances between groups of vehicles for transporting fuels and lubricants, as well as to storage areas for other vehicles, must be at least 12 m. Distances from storage areas for vehicles for transporting fuels and lubricants to buildings and structures of the enterprise should be taken according to SNiP "General plans of enterprises" " in relation to flammable liquid warehouses, and to administrative and utility buildings and container sites - at least 50 m.

Note: An open storage area for cars should be considered the area occupied by the estimated number of cars with distances between them according to the ONTP of the Ministry of Automotive Transport of the RSFSR with the dimensions of this perimeter exceeding the dimensions of this area by 1 m.

1.8. As part of the TZP for gasoline and diesel fuel located on the territory of the ATP and PATO, the following structures should be provided:

underground fuel storage tanks,

Islands for placing dispensers,

pavilion for installation of TZP control panels.

The TZP pavilion must have a fire resistance rating of at least IIIa. The exit from the TZP pavilion should be provided in the direction opposite to the dispenser.

The distance from the pavilion to the fuel storage tanks should be at least 5 m.

The distance from the dispenser to other TPP structures should be no less than:

to the TZP pavilion, to the TZP-4 control panel room

to the driveway, to the edge of the island for dispensers - 0.8 m

to underground tank - 4 m

to the dispenser - not standardized. The distances between the islands for the dispensers should be taken as follows:

With a single-row arrangement of refueled cars, 1 m more than the width of the car, but not less than 3 m

with a two-row arrangement of refueled vehicles, 1.5 m more than double the width of the car, but not less than 6 m.

The TPP should provide access to underground tanks for draining fuel from automobile tanks; The specified entrance may be combined with the main passage for refueling cars.

A platform should be provided at the neck of the underground fuel tank to provide free access to receiving and measuring devices.

The island for dispensers and the platform at the neck of the tank should have an elevation of 0.15-0.2 m above the adjacent roadway.

The covering of driveways near dispensers and areas near tanks must be designed to be resistant to the effects of petroleum products.

1.9. The distance from the TZP structures to the buildings and structures of the vehicle servicing enterprise should be taken according to the table. 1.

Table 1

Name of buildings and structures	distance to TZP structures not less than, m		Platform for a gas station
Name of buildings and structures	underground fuel storage tanks	dispensers
1	2	3	4
1. Industrial buildings and structures:
I, II and IIIa (with zero limit of fire spread of enclosing structures of walls and coverings) degrees of fire resistance	6	9	12
III and IIIa degrees of fire resistance	9	9	12
IIIb, IV, IVa and V degrees of fire resistance	12	12	18
2. Administrative and service buildings	25	25	25
3. Open areas and sheds for storing rolling stock	9	6	12

Note: Distances from the TZP to buildings and structures of other enterprises should be taken according to SNiP II-89-80 and SNiP 2.07.01-89.

1.10. The distance from parking garages, open areas for parking cars, as well as service stations to residential buildings and public buildings should be taken according to SNiP 2.07.01-89.

The distance from enterprises servicing trucks and buses (from the boundaries of their land plots) to residential buildings and public buildings should be taken:

Trucks and buses of urban transport - 100 m

Passenger vehicles, other than automobiles,

owned by citizens, and buses - 50 m

2. Space-planning and design solutions for buildings and structures

2.21. For passenger cars owned by citizens, it is allowed to install insulated boxes with direct access outside, for each car, provided they are located in one-story buildings of fire resistance class I, II, IIIa with blind fire barriers of type 2 between the boxes. It is allowed to place box parking garages in 2-storey buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance with solid fire partitions of the 2nd type and ceilings of the 3rd type, provided that the direct exit of the car from each box to the outside is ensured.

In passenger car parking garage buildings owned by citizens, it is allowed to install mesh fencing for each vehicle storage area, regardless of the capacity and number of floors of the building.

2.22. Storage of each of the following groups of rolling stock should be provided in separate isolated premises:

a) for the transportation of toxic materials,

B) for the transport of infectious materials,

c) for transportation of fuels and lubricants,

d) for transporting fecal fluids and garbage.

Storage rooms for rolling stock of groups a), b), d) may be provided in industrial and warehouse buildings of I, II and IIIa fire resistance degrees and separated from other premises by blind fire walls of the 2nd type and ceilings of the 3rd type.

Storage premises for rolling stock of group c) in the amount of up to 10 cars and a total capacity of tank trucks up to 30 m3 may be provided in extensions to one-story industrial buildings of at least II degree of fire resistance and separated from other premises by blind fire walls of type II or in separate buildings.

To ensure explosion and fire safety in rolling stock storage rooms of group (c), the following should be provided:

Placing these premises near external walls with natural ventilation of at least one air change per hour,

Exhaust ventilation device in accordance with clause 4.15,

Installation of light and sound alarms from gas analyzers before entering (exiting) a room in the event of the formation of an explosive concentration and operation of exhaust ventilation.

2.23. Rolling stock storage rooms may be designed without natural light or with natural light insufficient for biological effects.

2.24. Underground parking garages should be designed as one-story and can be located:

in undeveloped areas - under driveways, roads, squares, squares, lawns and other areas;

Under public buildings, except for institutional buildings specified in SNiP 2.07.01-89;

Under residential buildings - only for passenger cars owned by citizens, in accordance with SNiP 2.08.01-89;

under industrial buildings of at least II degree of fire resistance of enterprises with premises categories B, D and D for fire hazard.

Note: An underground parking garage is a room associated with the storage of cars in the basement, as well as in the basement with the level of the top of the ceiling not higher than 2 meters of the planning level of the ground.

2.25. When designing underground parking garages, the following requirements should be observed:

Parking garages may only accommodate premises for storing vehicles;

Parking garages should be divided by type 1 fire partitions into sections with a capacity of no more than 100 cars and a type 1 solid fire partition for every 200 cars.

Each section must have at least 2 dispersed exit gates (without allowing 2 exits through one adjacent section);

each section of the parking garage must have at least two emergency exits for people;

Each section of the parking garage must have windows measuring at least 0.75 x 1.2 m, located in pits, or smoke exhaust shafts; the total area of windows or shafts must be at least 0.2% of the floor area of the section; in underground parking garages, mechanically driven exhaust ventilation may be used to remove smoke if it meets the requirements for emergency smoke ventilation;

building structures of parking garages must ensure the fire resistance of the structure is not lower than II degree;

Parking garages located under buildings must be isolated from the first floor of the building and other adjacent basement rooms for other purposes by solid fire partitions of the 1st type and ceilings of the 2nd type;

exits from underground parking garages must be separate.

2.26. In underground parking garages it is not allowed to store vehicles for transporting fecal liquids and garbage, toxic, infectious and fuel and lubricants.

2.27. Exits and entrances to underground parking garages must be located at a distance from buildings in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 2.07.01-89.

3. Water supply and sewerage

3.1. When designing water supply and sewerage for automobile service enterprises, the requirements of SNiP 2.04.02-84, 2.04.03-85, 2.04.01-85 and these VSN must be observed.

3.2. Water consumption for household and drinking needs for drivers and conductors should be determined based on the number of personnel present and the consumption rate per person indicated in Table. 5.

Table 5

Water consumption	Consumption rate per person, l
	bus driver and conductor, car driver		truck driver
	per shift	at one o'clock	per shift	at one o'clock
Total water consumption	15	4	25	9,4
including:
hot water	5	1,2	10	4,4

3.3. When determining the estimated water consumption for fire extinguishing, water consumption for washing rolling stock, parts and technological equipment, taking a shower, washing floors and watering the territory should not be taken into account.

3.4. The estimated water consumption for external fire extinguishing of vehicle storage areas should be taken according to table. 6.

Table 6

When storing a mixed fleet of rolling stock in an open area, water consumption for external fire extinguishing should be determined for the total number of vehicles according to the arithmetic mean norm established for vehicles of each category.

When locating production facilities under a canopy, water consumption for external fire extinguishing should be taken according to table. 6 based on the total number of work stations or storage places, equating them to the number of open storage places for cars. There is no need to install fire hydrants.

3.5. The estimated water consumption for external fire extinguishing of TZP and sites for placing mobile fuel refueling equipment should be taken in the amount of 10 l/s.

When the TPP is located outside the territory of the ATP, fire extinguishing may be provided from fire-fighting tanks. At TPPs located at a distance of no more than 250 m from fire-fighting water supply networks, fire-fighting tanks should not be provided; in this case, the fire protection zone must be provided, in addition to primary fire extinguishing means, with two carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.

At linear fuel filling stations located outside populated areas and in populated areas where there is no fire-fighting water supply, fire-fighting water supply (including reservoirs) is not provided. For extinguishing, it is necessary to provide primary fire extinguishing means. If there are natural sources at a distance of less than 250 m from the TPP, access and a platform for fire engines must be provided.

3.6. Direct-flow and recycling water supply systems of enterprises should be classified in category III according to the degree of water supply, with the exception of elements of the water supply system related to fire fighting (water pipelines, pumping stations, fire-fighting water storage tanks), which are classified in category I.

3.7. For technological processes with the same requirements for water quality and contaminants introduced into the water with similar characteristics, recycling water supply systems should be provided in the form of separate closed cycles for washing rolling stock, washing units, components and parts, and painting rolling stock.

Stabilization treatment of water in recycling water supply systems may not be provided.

3.8. The use of drinking quality water for industrial water supply is permitted as an exception in the absence of a technical water supply and in the case of a feasibility study of the inexpediency of installing a recycling water supply system.

3.9. Water losses during washing processes should be taken in the amount of 10-15% of the total water requirement, determined in the technological part of the project.

3.10. When using a recycling water supply system for washing cars and buses, at the final stage of the washing process, it is necessary to provide for washing the outer surfaces of their bodies with fresh technical water or, in the absence of a technical water supply, with drinking water.

3.11. To treat wastewater from sanitary treatment posts for vehicles transporting food products, independent water recycling treatment facilities should be provided with the discharge of excess water during rinsing with drinking-quality water into the domestic sewerage network.

3.12. To treat wastewater from car washes transporting fecal fluids and garbage, toxic materials and infectious materials, separate treatment facilities should be provided for each type of rolling stock with the discharge of wastewater after treatment into the domestic sewerage network.

3.13. Industrial wastewater containing petroleum products, tetraethyl lead, suspended substances, acid and alkali paint must be treated before entering the external sewer network at local installations.

Treatment facilities for industrial wastewater from road transport enterprises can be free-standing or located inside industrial buildings.

The distance from free-standing underground treatment facilities for wastewater that does not contain flammable and low-flammable substances to buildings and structures of road transport enterprises is not standardized.

The distance from free-standing underground treatment facilities for oil-containing, paint-containing and surface wastewater should be at least 6 m to buildings and structures of I, II and IIIa fire resistance degrees and 9 m to buildings and structures of III, IIIb, IV, IVa and V degrees fire resistance. These distances are not standardized if the wall of the building facing the treatment plant is fireproof.

It is allowed to provide separate premises within the industrial building of the enterprise for placing closed-type equipment (without an open surface) for cleaning:

Wastewater from car washes and wastewater containing cleaning solutions with a capacity of no more than 30 l/s with a specific content of captured petroleum products of no more than 10 kg per 1 m2 of water surface and a total surface area of closed tanks of no more than 120 m2;

Acid-alkaline wastewater;

Wastewater containing mechanical impurities.

The specified premises must be separated from other production premises by fire partitions of the 1st type and ceilings of the 2nd type.

3.14. Closed-type receiving tanks (without an open surface) for industrial wastewater with a capacity of no more than 10-minute pump capacity that pumps out this wastewater to treatment facilities and local treatment facilities with a capacity of up to 20 m3/day. It is allowed to be placed in production premises directly next to process equipment that is a source of waste water.

3.15. Water seals should be provided on pipelines supplying industrial wastewater (oil-containing, paint-containing and containing cleaning solutions) to local treatment facilities.

3.16. Wastewater from washing the floors of storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock, including oil filling stations for vehicles, should be directed to replenish the treatment facilities of the rolling stock washing recycling water supply system or to the rainwater drainage system.

3.17. To protect the sewer network and treatment facilities of the enterprise from clogging when wastewater flows from car washes and rolling stock preparation stations for painting, special devices should be provided:

Trays (within the premises), wells or pits with protective grilles.

3.18. Drainage trays with a slope of at least 3% should be provided in the rolling stock washing ditches. The floor of the ditch must have a slope of at least 3% towards the tray.

3.19. The gravity pipeline for draining wastewater from the washing of rolling stock must have a slope of at least 3% and a diameter of at least 150 mm when using a manual hose washing and at least 200 mm when using a mechanized washing of rolling stock.

3.20. Ladders and wells for receiving wastewater from washing floors in storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock and rainwater inlets for receiving surface wastewater from open storage areas of rolling stock should be placed on driveways and passages between cars.

3.21. Discharge of surface wastewater from the territory of the TPP should be carried out into the enterprise's storm sewer network through a receiving well with a water seal without installing local treatment facilities.

3.22. Pumping stations for pumping industrial wastewater should be classified as category III in terms of reliability.

3.23. Treatment facilities for treating the most contaminated part of surface wastewater from open storage areas for rolling stock and driveways of the enterprise territory should be designed to receive wastewater from low-intensity, frequently recurring rains with a period of one-time excess of the design intensity of 0.05 years; or for the accumulation and subsequent purification of wastewater after rain falls in a layer of 10 mm, as well as for the reception of wastewater from melting snow and washing the territory.

3.24. The concentration of suspended solids in surface wastewater should be based on the recommended application.

3.25. Surface wastewater may be treated in treatment facilities for wastewater from rolling stock washing, provided that it is collected in a control tank and supplied for treatment at different times of the day during the rolling stock washing operation.

3.26. Treatment facilities intended for the treatment of industrial and surface wastewater, with a capacity of up to 10 l/s inclusive, may be designed in single sections.

3.27. The degree of purification of industrial wastewater discharged into the domestic sewerage network must meet the requirements of the “Rules for the acceptance of industrial wastewater into the sewerage systems of populated areas”, approved by the Ministry of Housing and Utilities of the RSFSR and agreed upon by the Ministry of Health of the USSR, the Ministry of Fisheries of the USSR, the Ministry of Water Resources of the USSR and the State Construction Committee of the USSR.

The degree of purification of surface wastewater when discharged into water bodies must meet the requirements of the “Rules for the protection of surface waters from pollution by wastewater”, approved by the USSR Ministry of Water Resources, the USSR Ministry of Health and the USSR Ministry of Fisheries, and the “Rules for the sanitary protection of coastal waters and seas”, approved by the USSR Ministry of Health and approved by the USSR State Construction Committee, as well as the “Rules for the protection of coastal sea waters from pollution” approved by the USSR Ministry of Water Resources.

4. Heating and ventilation

4.1. When designing heating and ventilation of automobile service enterprises, the requirements of SNiP 2.04.05-86 and these VSN must be observed.

4.2. Design air temperatures during the cold period in industrial buildings should be taken:

in rolling stock storage rooms -+5°С

in warehouses - +10°С

in other rooms - as required

GOST 12.1.005-86

4.3. Heating of storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock, as a rule, should be provided by air, combined with fresh ventilation.

4.4. In storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock, emergency heating should be provided using:

Supply ventilation switched to recirculation during non-working hours;

Heating and recirculation units;

Air-thermal curtains;

Local heating devices with a smooth surface without fins.

Note: Ventilation and air heating systems operating with recirculation must have automatic and remote centralized shutdown (in the entire building) in case of fire.

Devices for remote centralized shutdown of these systems should be placed outside rooms with air recirculation - near emergency exits from the building.

Heat consumption for heating category 1 passenger cars in areas with an estimated outside temperature of the coldest five-day period of 15 °C and above should not be taken into account.

When there are five or more entries or exits per hour per gate in the premises of rolling stock maintenance and repair posts;

When maintenance posts are located at a distance of 4 meters or less from the external gate;

When there are 20 or more entries and exits per hour per gate in the storage area for rolling stock, except for passenger cars owned by citizens;

When storing 50 or more passenger cars belonging to citizens in the premises.

Thermal air curtains must be switched on and off automatically.

Air ducts for removing air from the lower zone of the floor may be located in wheel breakers (sidewalks).

The temperature of the supply air into inspection ditches, pits and tunnels during the cold season should not be lower than +16°C and not higher than +25°C.

The amount of supply and exhaust air per cubic meter of volume in inspection ditches, pits and tunnels should be taken based on their tenfold air exchange.

4.11. Air heating ventilation systems for rolling stock storage rooms should be designed separately from similar systems for other purposes.

At the same time, in storage rooms and maintenance and repair stations, the volume of supply air should be correspondingly reduced.

4.13. In the premises of maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock at posts associated with the operation of vehicle engines, local suction should be provided.

The amount of air removed from operating engines, depending on their power, should be taken as follows:

The number of cars connected to the system of local suction with mechanical removal is not limited.

The amount of engine exhaust gases escaping into the room should be taken as follows:

In the premises of unheated parking garages using air heating of car engines, it is allowed to use natural air flow and mechanically forced air removal from the lower and upper zones.

When removing air from local suction using mechanical ventilation, its temperature should not exceed 80°C.

4.15. In storage areas for rolling stock for the transportation of fuels and lubricants in the amount of up to 10 vehicles and a total capacity of tank trucks up to 30 m3, a mechanical exhaust ventilation system should be provided in the amount of three times air exchange in an explosion-proof design with the installation of backup fans that automatically turn on when the main ones stop.

4.16. Reception devices for supply ventilation systems must be located at a distance of at least 12 meters from the gate with the number of entries and exits of more than 10 cars per hour.

When the number of entries and exits is less than 10 cars per hour, the receiving devices of the supply ventilation systems can be located at a distance of at least one meter from the gate.

4.17. Exhaust ventilation shafts from the premises of underground parking garages located under residential and public buildings should be installed to a height of at least 2 meters above the roof level of the tallest building located within a radius of 15 meters from the exhaust shaft, and should be made of non-combustible materials with a fire resistance limit of 0.75 hours.

For these parking garages, the volume of supply air should be 20% less than the volume of exhaust air.

Exhaust ventilation shafts from the premises of underground parking garages, permitted in undeveloped areas (under driveways, roads, squares and other areas), must be provided with a height of at least 3 meters above ground level and located at a distance of at least 15 meters from residential buildings. and public buildings, children's playgrounds, sports grounds and recreational areas for the population.

4.18. The exhaust ventilation systems of the premises for the painting and battery departments (areas) are not allowed to be combined with each other or with the exhaust ventilation systems of other premises.

4.19. In rolling stock storage rooms without natural light or where the distance from the windows to the most remote point of the room exceeds 30 m, exhaust shafts or openable windows should be provided in the upper part of the room for smoke removal with a total area of at least 0.2% of the floor area of the room.

The design of exhaust shafts should exclude the possibility of smoke from penetrating from one floor to another due to the installation of fire-retarding valves controlled by a fire automatic system and remote manual control, located at the exits from the premises.

The number of shafts should be taken based on the removal of smoke from a room area with a radius of at least 30 m from each shaft.

The fire resistance limit of the enclosing structures of smoke exhaust shafts must be no less than 1 hour, fire-retarding valves - no less than 0.6 hours.

4.20. Transit ducts in multi-story buildings outside the serviced floor or room separated by fire partitions should be designed with a fire resistance rating of 0.5 hours.

5. Electrical devices

5.1. When designing electrical devices of automobile service enterprises, the requirements of the Electrical Installation Rules (ELR) and these VSN must be observed.

5.2. To ensure the reliability of power supply, consumers of enterprises should be classified into the following categories:

Category 1 - electrical receivers for automatic air control systems, emergency evacuation lighting, alarms and exhaust ventilation in explosion-proof design, supply ventilation, specified in paragraphs. 2.20; 4.15; 7.9; 7.10; 7.13; 7.14 and 7.17.

Notes 1. Categorization of the reliability of power supply to engineering equipment systems of buildings and structures (automatic alarms, automatic fire extinguishing, smoke removal, etc.) is determined by the requirements of the relevant chapters of SNiPs.2. If the power supply organization provides documentary evidence of the impossibility of providing power supply according to reliability category I, it is allowed to provide power to the specified consumers from one source:

from different transformers of two transformer substations or from two nearby single-transformer substations connected to different supply lines laid along different routes with an automatic transfer device (ATS) on the low voltage side.

Electric drives for gate opening mechanisms without manual drive and emergency lighting for parking lots that are constantly ready for departure;

5.3. Lighting of inspection ditches should be provided with lamps with fluorescent lamps with a degree of protection not lower than UR5 X in accordance with GOST 17677-82E and GOST 14254-80. Niches for installing these lamps must be protected from mechanical damage.

6. Automatic fire extinguishing and automatic fire alarm

6.1. Storage rooms, maintenance and repair stations (except for washing stations), diagnostics and adjustment work of rolling stock located in:

a) in one-story buildings of I and II degrees of fire resistance with a total area of 7000 m2 or more;

b) the same 3600 m2 for storage facilities for buses of categories II and III, as well as for mixed storage of more than 50% of buses;

c) in buildings of IIIa and IIIb fire resistance degrees with a total area of these premises of 3600 m2 or more;

d) in buildings of III, IV and IVa fire resistance degrees with a total area of these premises of 2000 m2 or more;

E) in buildings for rolling stock transporting fuels and lubricants specified in clause 2.22, regardless of the area;

e) in buildings of two or more floors, regardless of area.

It is allowed not to provide automatic fire extinguishing for 2-story box-type parking garages for passenger cars owned by citizens.

g) in the basement and ground floors of buildings, as well as under bridges, regardless of area.

6.2. Automatic fire extinguishing should also be provided in warehouses for storing car tires with an area of 750 m2 or more, lubricants with an area of 500 m2 or more, and warehouses for storing lubricants in the basement and ground floors with an area of more than 200 m2. The area of the room should be determined between type 1 fire partitions.

Notes 1. Automatic fire extinguishing of premises for painting work, paint preparation and storage of paint and varnish materials should be provided in accordance with the “Rules and Standards of Safety, Fire Safety and Industrial Sanitation for Paint Shops” approved by the Ministry of Chemical Neftemash.

2. The choice of automatic fire extinguishing means (water, foam, gas, powder, etc.) is determined by the requirements of production technology and a feasibility study.

3. Warehouses for storing chemicals and combustible materials, as well as units and parts in combustible containers (packaging) must be equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations in accordance with SNiP2.11.01-85.

6.3. Industrial and warehouse premises that are not subject to being equipped with automatic fire extinguishing installations must be equipped with automatic fire alarms, in accordance with paragraphs. 6.1 and 6.2, with the exception of industrial premises of categories "G" and "D".

Notes 1. If a security alarm device is necessary, the specified premises must be equipped with an automatic security and fire alarm system.

7. Additional requirements for enterprises servicing gas-cylinder vehicles

7.1. When designing enterprises, buildings and structures for servicing vehicles with engines running on CNG and LPG, as well as when jointly servicing these vehicles with vehicles running on gasoline and diesel fuel, the requirements of sections 1-6 of the standards and this section must be observed.

The requirements of this section do not apply to storage premises, maintenance and repair stations of rolling stock when gas-cylinder vehicles with empty degassed cylinders enter these premises.

The canopy for LPG discharge and LNG release stations must be without enclosing structures on at least 2 sides.

7.4. The distance from the LPG discharge station or LNG release station sites to buildings and structures should be taken according to Table. 8; from mobile gas tankers - according to SNiP 2.04.08-87.

Table 8

Buildings and constructions	Distances from LPG discharge or LNG outlet sites, not less than, m
Buildings and constructions		Underground LNG tanks with a single capacity of 25 m3 and a total capacity of up to 50 m3	Underground LPG tanks with a single capacity of up to 5 m3 and a total capacity of up to 10 m3
1	2	3	4
Public buildings and structures	30	40	15
Residential buildings	20	40	10
Industrial, administrative and domestic buildings	20	40	8
Canopy for LPG discharge or LNG outlet		10	10
Outdoor parking	20	20	8

The distance from these sites with an area of up to 200 m2 to the blank wall of buildings and structures of enterprises of I, II and III degrees of fire resistance is not standardized; to buildings of I and II degree enterprises with openings, as well as to other buildings, distances should be taken in accordance with clause 8.117 of SNiP 2.04.08-87.

Storing gas-cylinder vehicles in underground parking garages is not permitted.

7.8. The premises of control posts for gas supply system devices directly on vehicles should be separated from other production premises by fire partitions of the 1st type and ceilings of the 3rd type. It is allowed not to provide separate posts for adjusting gas power system devices on cars if the enterprise has a separate isolated room for in-depth diagnostics (D-2) of cars that meets the specified requirements.

7.9. In storage premises, maintenance and repair posts, diagnostics and adjustment work of gas-cylinder vehicles in the event of an emergency involving a leak of LNG or LPG in quantities exceeding the values given in the "List of categories of premises and structures of motor transport and auto repair enterprises for explosion and fire hazards and classes explosion and fire hazardous areas according to the rules for the construction of electrical installations" approved by the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR, 1989, the following measures should be provided:

Installation of an automatic control system for the gas environment;

Installation of emergency lighting of premises and all escape routes from them;

Creating conditions for constant natural ventilation.

Notes: 1. In multi-storey buildings, the specified premises must be equipped with the above systems, regardless of the amount of possible supply of liquefied petroleum and compressed natural gases to these premises.

2. The placement of gas environment monitoring sensors in premises and structures should be provided in accordance with the “Requirements for the installation of alarms and gas analyzers “TU-GAZ-86” of the USSR Ministry of Petroleum and Chemical Industry.

7.10. In storage rooms and maintenance and repair stations, diagnostics and adjustment work of gas-cylinder vehicles in normal mode, mechanical general supply and exhaust ventilation should be provided, calculated based on the operating conditions of vehicle engines running on gasoline or diesel fuel, taking into account constantly operating natural ventilation in the volume of a single air exchange.

If it is impractical to carry out a single air exchange due to natural ventilation (use of LPG) and for multi-storey buildings, a single air exchange must be provided by constantly operating mechanically driven exhaust ventilation in an explosion-proof design with a backup exhaust system and automatic input of the reserve.

When designing premises where an emergency situation is possible (sudden depressurization of cylinders), a verification calculation should be provided for the dissolution of LNG or LPG in the room up to 0.1 NLPR. If it is impossible to dissolve the gas to 0.1 NCPRP due to the main ventilation systems, emergency ventilation systems must be installed in accordance with SNiP 2.04.05-86. All exhaust ventilation systems must be explosion-proof.

7.11. It is not allowed to design supply ventilation systems with air recirculation.

7.12. Natural ventilation should be provided in the rooms of exhaust ventilation chambers.

On the air ducts of the supply systems within the ventilation chambers serving storage rooms and maintenance and repair stations, diagnostics and adjustment work of gas-cylinder vehicles, check valves should be installed.

7.13. In enterprises operating vehicles with engines running on LPG, the underground rooms of water supply and sewerage pumping stations located on the territory of the enterprise, receiving tanks in wastewater treatment rooms from car washes should also be equipped with an automatic control system for the gaseous environment, with measures for automatic switching on ventilation systems for ventilation.

7.14. The system for automatically monitoring the gas environment of storage rooms and maintenance and repair posts, diagnosing and adjusting work on gas-cylinder vehicles should automatically ensure, when the gas concentration in the room reaches 20% of the NCPRP, turning on the sound signal and emergency lighting of the above premises, as well as all escape routes from them, including ramps, with the inclusion of light signs installed above the exits from the premises and every 50 m along the evacuation routes, the inclusion of fresh ventilation of these premises, as well as adjacent premises and adjacent floors in a multi-storey building:

Disconnection of all other electricity consumers in this room, with the exception of: explosion-proof exhaust ventilation specified in clause 7.10, fire automatics and communications systems, emergency lighting.

Electrical equipment of adjacent rooms located in a 5-meter zone from the doorways of storage rooms and maintenance and repair stations, diagnostics and adjustment work of vehicles with engines running on LNG, must be performed in a design that corresponds to explosion hazard zones B-Ia or, if performed in normal execution, must be switched off when the gas environment control systems are triggered simultaneously with the electrical equipment of the corresponding room.

The electrical equipment of rooms separated from the above premises for cars with engines running on LPG, by a wall with openings or without openings, must be turned off when the gas environment control systems are activated simultaneously with the electrical equipment of the corresponding room.

7.15. Ventilation systems specified in paragraphs. 4.15, 7.10 and 7.14, must have remote start devices located at emergency exits outside the premises.

7.16. The premises of transformer substations, distribution and group boards from which power is supplied to systems and installations that remain in operation when the gas environment control system is activated in rooms with the possible entry of heavy explosive gases (LPG) should be designed in accordance with the requirements of Chapter. 7.3 PUE, while the placement of the specified electrical rooms is allowed in such a way that there should be no more than one adjacent wall between them and the storage rooms for maintenance and repair stations, diagnostics and adjustment work on vehicles with engines running on LPG.

7.17. The sound alarm must provide notification of the activation of the automatic gas environment control system to all workers in the building. Light alarms must be installed in the premises specified in clause 7.9, as well as from the entrances of adjacent premises and in premises with constant round-the-clock presence of people (security room, control room, etc.).

7.18. On sites and in storage areas, maintenance and repair posts, diagnostics and adjustment work of vehicles with engines running on LPG, the construction of underground structures is not allowed: basements, heating chambers for open parking of vehicles, canals, pits, inspection ditches, tunnels, wells, with the exception of pits in the car wash area.

7.19. For wastewater disposal in enterprises servicing vehicles with engines running on LPG, the following should be provided:

Water seals on the pipeline from the car wash to the local wastewater treatment plant;

wells with hydraulic seals before connecting the storm water sewer network to the city network.

7.20. In the pits of the washing area and receiving tanks for wastewater from washing cars with engines running on LPG, natural ventilation should be provided in the amount of at least one air exchange.

Concentration of surface wastewater pollution with suspended substances based on the number of cars, mg/l up to 200 incl.St. 200 to 500St. 500 to 1000over 1000 I300 500 700 1000 II and III500 1000 1500 2000 IV1500 2000 2500 3000

The website "Zakonbase" presents the DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS "CAR SERVICE ENTERPRISES" VSN 01-89 (approved by Order of the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR dated January 12, 1990 N BA-15/10) in the latest edition. It is easy to comply with all legal requirements if you read the relevant sections, chapters and articles of this document for 2014. To find the necessary legislative acts on a topic of interest, you should use convenient navigation or advanced search.

On the Zakonbase website you will find the DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS "CAR SERVICE ENTERPRISES" VSN 01-89 (approved by Order of the Ministry of Automotive Transport of the RSFSR dated January 12, 1990 N BA-15/10) in a fresh and complete version, in which all changes and amendments have been made . This guarantees the relevance and reliability of the information.

At the same time, you can download DEPARTMENTAL BUILDING STANDARDS “CAR SERVICE ENTERPRISES” VSN 01-89 (approved by Order of the Ministry of Automobile Transport of the RSFSR dated January 12, 1990 N VA-15/10) completely free of charge, both in full and in separate chapters.

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