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Engine ZMZ-402
Engine cross section
1 - oil drain plug;
2 - oil pan;
3 - crankshaft;
4 - connecting rod;
5 - crankcase;
6 - piston pin;
7 - piston;
8 - exhaust manifold;
9 - cylinder liner;
10 - cylinder head gasket;
11 - inlet pipeline;
12 - cylinder head;
13 - valve;
14 - cylinder head cover;
15 - valve rocker arm;
16 - rocker axis;
17 - rod;
18 - sensor-distributor;
19 - spark plug;
20 - pusher;
21 - camshaft;
22 - drive gear of the oil pump and distributor sensor;
23 - starter;
24 - oil dipstick;
25 - oil pump drive shaft;
26 - oil pump;
27 - oil intake.
Volga GAZ 3110 device engine repair ZMZ-402
Location of the main units in the engine compartment
1 - coolant supply pipe to the radiator;
2 - air filter;
3 - cylinder head cover;
4 - sensor-distributor;
5 - ignition coil;
6 - vacuum brake booster;
7 - oil filler plug;
8 - fine fuel filter;
9 - thermostat;
10 - fan casing;
11 - radiator.
Narrative design
The power unit ZMZ-402 is carburetor, four-cylinder. The cylinder block is made of aluminum alloy. The cylinder liners are cast iron, removable. The main bearing caps and clutch housing are machined complete with the block and therefore they are not interchangeable.
The engine crankshaft is cast iron, five-bearing, dynamically balanced with the flywheel and clutch drive disc. Axial movement of the shaft is limited by two thrust washers located on either side of the front main bearing.
A camshaft with five bearing journals of different diameters is located in the cylinder block. The drive gear of the ignition sensor-distributor and the oil pump is cut on the shaft.
The camshaft drive is used through a textolite or polyamide gear meshed with the crankshaft gear. The camshaft cams act on the pushrods. The push rods operate the valves through rocker arms.
The engine lubrication configuration is combined. An oil cooler is placed to cool the oil. At a pressure in the system of 0.7-0.9 kgf/cm2, the safety valve opens and the oil enters the radiator, and then flows into the engine crankcase. A tap is provided to disconnect the oil cooler. When the handle is positioned parallel to the pipeline, it is open.
Cooling configuration - liquid, closed. An auxiliary electric fan is located in front of the radiator.
The inlet hose is heated by exhaust gases. The heating reducer contains 2 positions - “winter” and “summer”.
Volga GAZ 3110 device engine repair ZMZ-402
This section presents the main malfunctions of cars of the GAZ Volga 3110 family, as well as possible options for eliminating them. The manual contains materials only for the GAZ-3110.
We service and repair Volga GAZ-3110
Technical characteristics of the GAZ-3110 sedan car
Instrumentation on the control panel
General view of the location of electrical equipment on the car
Logic diagrams for quick troubleshooting
General information about the car
Below are the main technical data and presented in the form of logical diagrams operational methods for troubleshooting the latest modernized model of the Volga car GAZ-3110 with a sedan body and with a ZMZ-402 engine, which continues by tradition the best qualities of the car - simplicity of design and unpretentiousness in maintenance .
GAZ-3110– a relatively inexpensive middle-class car: modern appearance, comfortable passenger compartment, equipped with effective sound insulation and molded floor covering.
A safety steering column with a soft steering wheel rim and a compact hydraulic power steering are new in the Volga automotive industry.
Comfortable, modern-shaped handles for the steering column switches, turn indicators, headlights, windshield wiper and washer - the latter with heated jets.
A lock (anti-theft device) is built into the steering column in the ignition switch, allowing you to insert a license key into it in any position.
Information is easily read from instruments built into the soft foam panel: from the tachometer, voltmeter and other dial instruments, from warning lights, key switches in the center of the panel and between the front seats.
Under the instruments, symmetrically relative to the steering column, there are two round handles - for the headlight range control and the central switch for external lighting, as well as for interior lighting with a ceiling lamp - a fluorescent lamp.
Large ventilation grilles in the central part and on the sides of the panel expanded the range of capabilities of the heating system. Heating and ventilation are easy to control from the interior.
The high-back front seats have adjustable lumbar support, and all seats have headrests.
On the right side of the panel, above the “glove” drawer, which is illuminated when opened, sliding the lining with the “Volga” ornament reveals two blocks with 13 fuses in each block.
The spacious trunk is convenient due to its low loading height.
The car is equipped with the well-known “four hundred and second” engine, which reaches speeds of up to 146 km/h, a five-speed gearbox, a two-shaft cardan transmission with an elastic intermediate support and a reinforced differential gearbox in the rear axle.
The front axle retained the lever-spring system, silent blocks and pivot assembly, but with changed wheel alignment angles and disc brakes.
The upgraded front suspension assembly can be installed on GAZ-31029 and GAZ-24–10 vehicles, complete with new wheels, tires and rear axle.
Low-profile tires of the new generation 195/65R15 are mounted on 6.5Jx15H2 wheels with ventilation windows and fastening with five mounting bolts.
The gas exhaust system consists of two downpipes (“pants”), a muffler, two resonators and an exhaust pipe.
Passport details
The nameplate is attached under the hood, on the mudguard of the right front fender. It indicates the car model, year of manufacture code (V – 1997; W – 1998; X – 1999), car series number, engine model, serial number of the car leaving the assembly line, international identification code (IIC) of the manufacturer.
The body number is stamped on the top of the front panel.
The engine model and number are also stamped on the left side of the cylinder block, and the year of manufacture code and engine serial number are also indicated there.
The engine configuration option, in contrast to the basic one, is indicated by a letter code on the last sign of the engine model.
Technical characteristics of the GAZ-3110 sedan car
Total information
Number of seats (including driver's seat) – 5.
Weight of the equipped vehicle, kg – 1400.
Overall dimensions, mm:
– length – 4880.
– width – 1800.
– height without load – 1455.
Wheelbase (distance between axles), mm – 2800.
Track:
– front wheels, mm – 1500.
– rear wheels, mm – 1444.
Lowest ground clearance, mm – 156.
Maximum speed, km/h – 146.
Engine and its systems
Model – ZMZ-402.
Type – Carburetor.
Number of cylinders and their arrangement – Four, in-line vertical.
The operating order of the cylinders is 1–2–4–3.
Cylinder diameter and piston stroke, mm 92x92.
Engine displacement, l – 2.445.
Compression ratio – 8.2.
Maximum power, kW (hp), not less than – 73.5 (100).
Maximum torque, kgf?m, not less than – 18.6.
Carburetor - K-151.
The fuel used is AI-93 gasoline.
Lubrication system – Combined – pressure and splash.
Ventilation system – Closed forced, operating due to vacuum in the inlet pipe.
Cooling system – Closed liquid with forced circulation of liquid and expansion tank. Coolant TOSOL-A40M or OZH-40 “Lena”.
Thermostat – TS 107–01.
Transmission
Clutch – Single disc dry with hydraulic drive.
Drive disk – Diaphragm type or spring-lever type.
Pressure plate (outer diameter, mm) – 242 or 230.
Driven disk (outer diameter, mm) – 225.
Clutch housing – With a lower hatch covered with a stamped pan.
Weight of the unfuelled engine with clutch and electrical equipment, kg – 184.
Transmission – Five-speed manual with synchronizers in all gears or four-speed.
Cardan transmission – Double-shaft with intermediate support or single-shaft.
Rear axle – With one-piece housing.
Main gear – Conical hypoid.
The final drive ratio is 3.9.
Chassis
Front suspension – Independent spring wishbone with anti-roll bar.
Rear suspension – Dependent on longitudinal semi-elliptic springs.
Shock absorbers – Hydraulic telescopic double acting.
Wheels – Stamped disc with removable caps 6.5Jx15H2.
Tires – Low profile radial tubeless 195/65R15.
Steering
Steering – With separate hydraulic booster.
Steering mechanism – Globoidal worm-roller.
Gear ratio – 19.1.
Steering Column – Equipped with an anti-theft device integrated with the ignition switch.
Steering wheel – With energy-absorbing element.
Power steering pump – Double-acting vane pump.
Brake system
Service brake system:
Front brakes – Disc, with a “floating” type caliper.
Rear brakes – Drum shoe with one working cylinder.
Brake drive – Hydraulic dual-circuit with a tandem-type master cylinder, emergency brake fluid level drop sensor, pressure regulator in the rear brake system.
The vacuum booster acts on the main cylinder.
Parking brake system:
Brakes – Drum shoes on the rear wheels.
Brake Actuator – Mechanical cable driven, operated by a lever mounted on the floor tunnel between the front seats.
Electrical equipment
The rated voltage of the on-board network is 12 V, the negative terminals of electrical equipment are connected to the housing.
Rechargeable battery – Standard, with a capacity of at least 65 Ah.
Generator – AC with built-in rectifier.
Generator type – 1631.3701 or 192.3771.
Voltage regulator – 13.3702–01, non-contact.
Starter – ST230B4.
Ignition system – Contactless transistor.
Switch – 113.3734, or 90.3734, or 94.3734.
Ignition distributor sensor – 19.3706.
Ignition coil – B116 or B116–01.
Spark plugs - A14VR.
Coolant temperature indicator sensor – TM106–10.
Coolant overheat indicator sensor – TM111–02.
Oil pressure indicator sensor – 23.3829.
Emergency oil pressure sensor - 30.3829 or MM111V.
Electric fan activation sensor – TM108.
Basic data for adjustments and control
Gap between rocker arms and valves on a cold engine at 20 °C, mm:
– for exhaust valves of cylinders 1 and 4 – 0.35-0.40.
– for other valves – 0.40-0.45.
The gap between the spark plug electrodes, mm – 0.80-0.95.
Oil pressure (kgf/cm2) on a warm engine, at an idling speed of 550–650 rpm – 0.8.
Minimum crankshaft rotation speed in idle mode, rpm – 550–650.
Belt deflection, mm, when pressed with force:
– 4 kgf for each fan belt – 8-10.
– 4 kgf for the power steering pump belt – 7–9.
Adjustable voltage in the on-board network, V – 13.4-14.7.
The normal operating temperature of the liquid in the engine cooling system, °C, is 80–90.
Coolant density (Tosol-A40M, OZh-40 “Lena”) at 20 °C, g/cm3 – 1.075-1.085.
Clutch:
– pedal free play, mm – 12–28.
– full pedal travel, mm – 145–160.
– stroke of the end of the clutch release fork, mm – Not less than 14.
Brake systems:
– free play of the brake pedal when the engine is not running, mm – 3–5.
Minimum permissible friction layer thickness, mm:
– for front disc brake pads – 3.0.
– for rear drum brake linings – 1.0.
Steering:
– free play along the rim of the steering wheel in a position corresponding to straight-line movement, mm – No more than 17.
Tire air pressure, kgf/cm2:
– front wheels – 2.0–2.1.
– rear wheels – 2.1–2.2.
Note. For long-term driving (more than 1 hour) at high speeds on suburban highways, it is recommended to increase the air pressure in the tires:
– front wheels, kgf/cm2 – 2.2–2.4.
– rear wheels, kgf/cm2 – 2.3–2.5.
Instrumentation on the control panel
1 – voltage indicator (voltmeter);
2 – tachometer. Shows the crankshaft speed. Make sure that the instrument needle does not move to an unacceptable engine speed;
3, 11, 16, 17 – backup signaling devices;
4 – the STOP lamp signals the activation of the parking brake, while lamp 9 lights up with a flashing light, and lamp 18 lights up red when the ignition key is turned and goes out when the engine starts, and when the parking brake is released, lamp 9 goes out. The STOP malfunction lamp also signals one of the indicators: b, 13 or 19 about engine problems. Stop the vehicle in a safe place and take appropriate measures;
5 – indicator lamps for turn signal and hazard warning lights. They light up in flashing mode only when the ignition is on, as well as the turn switch. When the hazard warning button is pressed, both lamps light up in a flashing mode simultaneously with the ignition off and on;
6 – warning lamp for an emergency drop in the brake fluid level in the master brake cylinder. Lights up when it is insufficient;
7 – speedometer;
8 – summing counter of the distance traveled;
9 – parking brake status indicator light. Lights up with a flashing light when the ignition key is turned on, if the car is parked with the parking brake on;
10 – warning light for closing the carburetor air damper;
12 – warning lamp for coolant overheating. If it lights up, immediately stop the car in a safe place and determine the cause of the engine overheating;
13 – oil pressure indicator;
14 – gasoline or gas level indicator. A device with a dial indicator shows the volume of fuel in the gasoline tank and in the gas cylinder, depending on what fuel the car is running on;
15 – signal lamp for minimum fuel reserve (gasoline, gas);
18 – low pressure warning light in the engine lubrication system. Lights up when the engine is on and goes out when it starts. If the lamp lights up while the engine is running, it indicates a drop in oil pressure below the permissible level, which is a consequence of any malfunction in the engine lubrication system. Stop the engine. Check the oil level. If the oil level turns out to be normal and the lamp is on, it means that some kind of malfunction has damaged the engine lubrication pressure system. Do not rush to move until you have determined the cause of the failure and eliminated it. Otherwise, you risk damaging the engine. When the engine is running, the lamp is allowed to light up at a minimum engine speed in idling mode or during sudden braking;
19 – engine coolant temperature indicator;
20 – signaling device for turning on the side light;
21 – high beam signal lamp. Lights up when the high beam is on;
22 – daily mileage counter. Shows the distance traveled in kilometers; black numbers on a white background count hundreds of meters;
23 – button for resetting the counter to zero;
24 – battery discharge warning lamp. When the engine is running, the warning light sometimes lights up in the event of any abnormalities in the process of discharging the battery or a broken fan belt.
General view of the location of electrical equipment on the car
1 – relay block (PC711 – headlight switch relay; 711.3747-0) – starter relay; PC 431 B or 931.3747 – windshield wiper relay; signal relay; rear window heating relay; fog lamp relay; turn signal switch relay);
2 – windshield washer jets with electric heating;
3 – “Stop” light switch when braking;
4 – door lamp switches (VK2A2);
5 – interior lamp (KLU7/TBTS1 lamp);
6 – engine compartment lamp (A 12–10);
7 – side repeaters of direction indicators (lamp A 12-4-1);
8 – ignition coil (B 116 or B 116-01);
9 – ignition distributor sensor (1908.3706);
10 – starter (ST230B4);
11 – emergency oil pressure sensor (MM 111B);
12 – emergency brake fluid level sensor (YAM2.553.000-01);
13 – fuse box (30A and 60A) in the engine compartment;
14 – ignition system switch (90.3734 or 94.3734, or 131.3734);
15 – battery (6ST-66A7 or 6ST-66PMA);
16 – left direction indicator (lamp PY21W12V);
17 – headlights (high and low beam lamp AKG12-60+55-1 and side light lamp A 12-4-1);
18 – fog lights (lamp AKG12-55-2);
19 – signal (S302D and S303D);
20 – coolant overheat indicator sensor (TM111-02);
21 – coolant temperature indicator sensor (TM 106-10);
22 – right direction indicator (lamp PY21W12V);
23 – generator (1631.3701 or 192.3771);
24 – voltage regulator (13.3702-01);
25 – spark plugs (A 14VR);
26 – electric motor of the windshield washer pump;
27 – EPHH control unit (EPHH solenoid valve, EPHH system switch);
28 – windshield wiper electric motor (SL136D-520510 or 68.5205000);
29 – resistance of the heater electric motor (11.3729; R12);
30 – heater electric motor (194.3730);
31 – antenna (AR 104V or AR 104V-01);
32 – switch for the glove compartment lighting lamp;
33 – glove compartment lighting lamp (AS12-5-1);
34 – right fuse block (Ф54.811.000);
35 – left fuse box
36 – reverse light switch (VK418-T or VK-418A-7);
37 – speedometer sensor (AR60.3843 or ADS-6N, or RYUIB 402.139.505);
38 – parking brake warning lamp switch (PC492);
39 – electrically heated rear window;
40 – trunk light (AS12-5-1);
41 – fuel level indicator sensor;
42 – rear light (side light; stop light, turn signal, reverse light, fog light. Lamps A 12–21 +2–2; A 12-21-3; A 12-21-3; A 12- 21-3);
43 – license plate lights (AS12-5-1; AS12-5-1);
44 – electric fan relay (113-3747-10).
Logic diagrams for quick troubleshooting
Below are logical diagrams for quick troubleshooting and troubleshooting, and ways out of unexpected situations that may occur during vehicle operation.
Legend:
Engine won't start
Rice. 3. Scheme for switching on the starter using an additional wire.
Rice. 4. Scheme for checking the presence of voltage at terminal 50 of the ignition switch: 1 – plug block of the wiring harness to the ignition switch; 2 – tip of output wire 50; 3 – control lamp.
Supply system
Mixture formation (carburetor)
Rice. 5. Receiving tube with filter.
Rice. 6. Measuring the installation of the float relative to the needle valve: 1 – float; 2 – earring for adjusting the pitch of the needle valve; 3 – needle valve; 4 – tongue for adjusting the fuel level; 5 – elastic washer; 6 – mesh filter.
Rice. 7. Scheme for checking the strainer and fuel level without removing the carburetor cover: 1 – float chamber housing; 2 – transparent tube; 3 – tube connection fitting; 4 – flexible pipeline; 5 – bolt for the filter mesh.
Rice. 8. Diagram of the carburetor body with jets and emulsion tubes of the first and second chambers: 1 – block of jets for the idle speed system (IAC) – in the upper part there is an air jet, then an emulsion tube and in the lower part a fuel jet with a calibrated hole; 2 – second air jet CXX; 3 – emulsion jet CXX; 4, 5 – main fuel jet of the first and second chambers; 6 – fuel jet of the transition system of the second chamber; 7 – air jet of the transition system; 8, 11 – emulsion tubes of the first and second chambers; 9, 10 – air jets of the first and second chambers.
The engine does not start in cold weather
Sudden engine stop
The engine, especially when hot, is difficult to start
The engine runs erratically at low engine speeds or stalls at idle
Rice. 9. Carburetor adjustment screws: 1 – operational adjustment screw (quantity screw); 2 – mixture composition screw (quality screw) with a limit valve.
Rice. 10. Front view of the carburetor: 1 – fitting of the EPHH pneumatic valve; 2 – vacuum tap.
The engine is unstable in all modes
The engine does not develop full power. Its pickup is insufficient
The engine gets very hot
The engine “troits” - one or two cylinders do not work
Engine knocks
Increased toxicity of exhaust gases
The composition and amount of toxic components in engine exhaust gases depend mainly on its technical condition; all other factors are outlined below.
The content of CO and CH in the exhaust gases of a car is determined with the engine warmed up to operating temperature at idle for two crankshaft speeds: minimum and increased. At a rotation speed of 550–650 rpm, the maximum permissible content of carbon monoxide CO is up to 3% and the hydrocarbon content CH is 1200 ppm (volume fraction). At a rotation speed of 2650–2750 rpm, the maximum permissible content of carbon monoxide CO is up to 2% and the content of hydrocarbons CH is 600 ppm.
Increased gasoline consumption
Malfunctions of the engine lubrication system
Determining engine knocking by external signs
Diaphragm clutch malfunctions
Other reasons are hidden from view - they are inside the clutch housing. Repairing it requires dismantling the gearbox.
Possible malfunctions of the five-speed gearbox
Transmission- the unit is unpretentious. Its resource can increase engine life. But in order for it to justify its capabilities, for its service life to extend and for its synchronizers to work more easily, it requires special treatment. So, for example, switching gears from low to high should take place without haste, calmly, with some intervals (micro-pauses) in time. There is no pause required when changing from a higher gear to a lower gear.
When driving after a long vehicle mileage, noise may occur. Determining the source and cause of noise is far from easy. At first glance, one might assume that the clutch release bearing is noisy. But then some strange knocking and grinding noises appear, accompanied by difficulty shifting gears. One of the gears does not lock, and you have to hold the shift lever with your hand.
Inspect the gearbox. The presence of a dry layer of dust on it indicates that the oil is not leaving the gearbox anywhere and its level is stable. But where does the noise come from? Maybe there were metal shavings in the oil? Drain at least a little oil from the drain hole through cheesecloth into a clean container. This is true! There are pieces of broken parts on the gauze, and small particles of metal on the drain plug equipped with a magnet. If even one tooth is broken, the unit should be repaired immediately. Moreover, the quality of the repair will always be higher and defects will be more likely to be detected and eliminated if the gearbox is disassembled.
And even if even one tooth is broken, start repairing immediately - otherwise you will have to buy a new box, and this is more expensive than repairs!
So, let's remove the gearbox. (By the way, an assistant may be required when removing and reinstalling.) Make sure that the input shaft does not damage the clutch parts, and then, in accordance with the recommendations of the repair manual, we proceed to disassembly. This work is labor-intensive. Repair work most often consists of replacing synchronizers, gears with worn-out input edges, or worn or broken other parts. Bearings, as a rule, can be quite functional, but their fit in the box body can be weakened. Replace everything that cannot be further used, is hopelessly outdated, reassemble the gearbox and put it in place.
Possible driveline malfunctions
The cardan transmission is two-shaft, with three cardan joints, and consists of a rear cardan shaft, an intermediate cardan shaft and an intermediate support.
Possible malfunctions of the rear axle
Possible front suspension malfunctions
Rear suspension is faulty
Possible problems with power steering
Possible malfunctions of tubeless tires
Possible malfunctions of the brake system
Battery needs attention
GAZ-3110 vehicles, as a rule, use domestic 6ST-65 batteries with a capacity of 65 Ah. On some of the cars that have the geometric dimensions of the mounting slots for the 6ST-65 battery, compactly made imported batteries can be installed, which fit into the existing slots without any modifications.
Possible generator malfunctions
Rice. 11. Cleaning the contact rings with sandpaper and replacing the brushes.
Rice. 12. Checking the resistance of the rotor field winding.
Rice. 13. Scheme for checking the generator stator.
Possible starter malfunctions
Rice. 14. Commutator brush positions.
Rice. 15. Repair of starter traction relay.
Rice. 16. Starter switching diagram for checking the positions of the drive gear and adjusting the starter.
Possible malfunctions of the lighting system, light signaling, instruments and instrument sensors
Possible malfunctions of sound signals
Possible windshield wiper malfunctions
Rice. 17. Electrical connection diagram for checking a windshield wiper without a switch: A – for checking at first speed; B – for checking at second speed; 1 – plug connector for windshield wiper; 2 – control lamp; 3 – battery.
Possible antenna malfunctions
Possible malfunctions of components and body parts
Possible malfunctions of a car equipped with gas cylinder equipment
We repair and assemble the model 402 engine
The service life, or resource, of an engine reaches its limit over time.
Many engine performance characteristics deteriorate. Fuel indicators and, first of all, the oil level in the crankcase decrease due to waste; the content of toxic exhaust gases exceeds permissible limits; The oil pressure in the lubrication system drops noticeably. The measurement reveals a drop in compression in individual engine cylinders. Smoke pours out of the exhaust pipe of a warm engine. Smoke increases during acceleration and during ignition advance. When parked, oil stains form under the clutch housing.
It seems that the engine has come to an end. But all is not lost.
Once in the hands of a caring owner, the engine can and should find a second, new life. But this is only possible if the engine has not reached an extremely worn state.
So, engine performance can be restored. To do this, it is necessary to replace worn parts with new ones of a standard size or bore them using new repair-size parts mated to them. In this case, the following parts (maybe repair size) will be needed: pistons, piston rings, liners for the main and connecting rod bearings of the crankshaft.
Wear of cylinders (liners), pistons and piston rings, burning (coking) or breakage of piston rings can cause an increased content of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gases. Partially disassemble the engine. Remove the cylinder head along with the manifold, carburetor and fan, as well as the oil pan, after draining the coolant and oil.
Check the condition of the removed pistons, piston rings, liners and their connections. Clean off carbon deposits and replace broken parts, as well as parts with wear close to the limit.
It is difficult to detect wear on the internal surfaces of valve bushings due to their small diameter (9 mm) and relatively long length. If the bushings are worn out, the first thing you need to do is replace the valves. The new valve (available in standard sizes for spare parts) should freely fall into the bushing under its own weight, and there should be no gap between the bushing and the valve, which can be detected by hand. If the valves do not give results, then repair work should be abandoned, and here’s why. Spare parts supplied for sale do not always meet the requirements for their characteristics - high wear resistance of the material, good thermal conductivity, filigree processing precision of all elements of the parts. As a result, the valve does not fit into the seat, and even the most advanced car service center will hardly be able to imitate the factory technology of pressing new bushings.
And if it succeeds, then the cost of repair work and replacement parts (bushings, and maybe seats) will be equal to the cost of a new cylinder head.
If disassembling the engine is required, we recommend that before starting work you refer to special literature, which clearly outlines the sequence of all operations for disassembling the engine.
So, the engine, disassembled, cleaned and washed, is ready to begin its assembly.
We begin the assembly with a complete audit of all engine parts: their measurements, discarding worn-out ones and replacing them with new ones. We check parts whose service life has not yet been fully exhausted to see if there are any noticeable signs of wear on them, and if their condition does not show signs of wear, then, after cleaning them from dirt and corrosion, we leave them for engine assembly. When replacing a new (spare) part, pay attention to its quality.
So, we repair and assemble the engine of models 402.10 and 4021.10.
Before assembling the engine, clean the oil passages of the block with a brush and blow through with compressed air.
We assemble the engine in the following order.
We put the clutch housing on the block and secure it.
Note: A spring-lever clutch can be installed in the same housing as a diaphragm clutch.
We put on the front end of the camshaft a spacer sleeve (spacer ring) with a thickness of 4.1 + 005 mm and a thrust flange with a thickness of 4–0.05 mm. We press in the camshaft gear (textolite) and secure it with a bolt and washer (Fig. 18). Tightening torque 5.5–6 kgf?m. The gap between the thrust flange and the gear hub of 0.1–0.2 mm is ensured by a spacer ring clamped between the gear and the camshaft journal.
The average life of the camshaft journals is 2–3 times greater than the life of the cylinder-piston group, since the camshaft rotates in the journals at a reduced speed and, as a rule, does not require replacement of the journals during the first major engine overhaul.
Rice. 18. Camshaft drive: 1 – gear; 2 – thrust flange; 3 – spacer sleeve; 4 – locating pin on the timing gear cover.
Nominal diameters of camshaft journals, mm:
First neck – 52.00–51.98;
Second neck – 51.00–50.98;
Third neck – 50.00–49.98;
Fourth neck – 49.00–48.98;
Fifth neck – 48.00–47.98.
If it turns out that the diameter of the bearing journals (see right column) is less than the specified limits, the camshaft must be replaced. When purchasing a new camshaft, you must check the dimensions of the supports in the right column.
And only during the second major overhaul of the engine can the support bushings wear out. In this case, the worn bushings are pressed out of the block and replaced with new ones, ensuring that the oil holes in the block and bushings match.
When pressing bushings, to prevent their deformation, it is recommended to coat the mating surfaces with a mixture of engine oil and graphite.
The bushings pressed into the block are processed with a bead rod, and in a personal garage they use a special long rolling pin. If there are no such tools, then the bushings are scraped along the support journals of the installed camshaft. During scraping, complete contact of the mating surfaces is achieved.
To prevent defects, scrape with a short working stroke with a well-sharpened tool made from a triangular file. Such a scraper must be cooled when sharpening. A poorly sharpened scraper will certainly leave marks in the form of scratches and burrs on the surface of the sleeve, so the scraper should be fine-tuned on a grinding stone. After roughing the bushing, you should apply less pressure on the scraper with your hand.
At the end of the treatment, paint made from a mixture of soot and engine oil is applied to the camshaft support journal and rotated in the bushing hole. The painted areas are lightly scraped off. Subsequent bushings are processed in the same way.
We start cleaning the camshaft gear lubrication tube and screw it to the block using a bolt and clamp. We insert the assembled camshaft into the support bushings of the cylinder block, having first lubricated its support journals with engine oil.
Through the holes in the gear, we attach the thrust flange to the cylinder block with two bolts and spring washers, but do not completely tighten the bolts.
We cut two packings from an asbestos cord impregnated with an antifriction compound and coated with graphite (gland packing). We insert one of them, 122 mm long, into the groove of the rear washer of the thrust bearing with an anti-friction layer to the crankshaft cheek, and we insert the other of the same length into the socket of the oil seal holder housing, also with an anti-friction layer in the direction of the crankshaft journal, and fasten two nuts with washers with an internal hex wrench “ by 8".
On the crankshaft journal under the packing there is an oil drain thread (screw line-micro-screw) for discarding oil from the seal area.
The rear crankshaft seal in the block and seal holder should be pressed using a mandrel (Fig. 19), and the protruding ends of the packing on the block and holder should be cut off with a sharp knife. The cut should be smooth. The protrusion of the packing above the parting plane is 4–3 mm.
We clean the crankshaft, for which we turn out all the plugs of the dirt traps of the connecting rod journals and in the oil channels and remove deposits from them, rinsing with a solution of caustic soda heated to 80 ° C, and clean the cavities and channels with a metal brush; We rinse with kerosene, blow through the oil channels and the cavities of the dirt traps with compressed air, tighten the plugs with a torque of 3.8–4.2 kgf?m and secure them.
We check the condition of the working surfaces of the crankshaft - nicks, nadirs and other defects are not allowed.
Rice. 19. Mandrel for compressing the crankshaft rear seal packing.
During engine operation, the crankshaft journals wear out unevenly: along their length they take the shape of a cone, along their circumference they take the shape of an oval. The greatest wear of the journals occurs on the side of the main journals, since these places are constantly loaded with inertial forces. The crankshaft journals are measured in two planes 7 and 2 (Fig. 20), the difference of which gives a taper in two planes AA and BB, which determines their ovality. The taper and ovality of the main and connecting rod journals should not exceed 0.03 mm. The permissible wear of the crankshaft connecting rod journals is 0.05 mm and the main journals are 0.07 mm.
Rice. 20. Scheme for measuring the crankshaft journal: 1 and 2 – measurement belts; AA and BB – measurement cavities.
In addition to taper and ovality, the crankshaft may have scoring. Minor scuffs can be smoothed out with a fine-grain carborundum block. If the journals have deep grooves and scuffs or taper and ovality of more than 0.05 mm, the crankshaft must be replaced with a new one or ground to a repair size. The dimensions of the necks must correspond to the data given in table. 1.
Table 1 
We place a ball bearing in the cavity at the rear end of the crankshaft (single row radial with two protective washers 80203AC9 or 60203A with one protective washer, dimensions 17x40x12). We put 20 g of Litol-24 lubricant into the cavity of bearing 60203A.
Before installing the flywheel, we check for any invisible damage on its working surface. Deep ring-shaped marks and burrs should be processed with a flat file. The flywheel rim must be replaced if the tooth length is less than 7 mm. If the gear ring of the flywheel is worn a little, then the teeth of the ring are filed evenly with a file. If the teeth are heavily worn, you need to knock down the flywheel crown, heat it to a temperature of 180–200 °C (to avoid loosening of the flywheel teeth, do not exceed the specified temperature) and place it on the flywheel on the other side. The ends of the teeth are filed into a cone to facilitate the engagement of the starter gear.
There are two types of clutches installed on cars: with a diaphragm spring or with a peripheral arrangement of springs (spring-lever clutch).
At the same time, the drive (pressure) clutch disk with the peripheral location of the springs is ground with a flat file. As the thickness of the disk and flywheel decreases, the spring pressure on the driven disk decreases. Therefore, the clutch casing - the “basket” - is disassembled and, during assembly, metal washers are placed under the thermal insulating washers, the thickness of which is equal to the thickness of the removed metal on the clutch pressure plate and flywheel.
Having examined the working friction surfaces of the diaphragm clutch pressure plate and paying attention to deep risks, scuffs, nicks with obvious signs of wear and overheating, loosening of the rivet joints of parts, the pressure plate is not repaired, but replaced with a new one or the entire diaphragm clutch assembly is replaced.
Then the flywheel is screwed to the crankshaft, after placing locking plates on the bolts. Tighten the fastening nuts to a torque of 7.6–8.3 kgf?m; they should be locked by bending one of the locking plate's whiskers onto the edge of the nut.
From wood, make a simple gantry with horizontal metal Prisms (Fig. 21), and (in case of replacing the flywheel or clutch) statically balance the crankshaft with the flywheel and clutch. The imbalance (the heavier side will turn down) is eliminated on the spring-lever clutch by drilling out metal from the flywheel on the clutch side at a radius of 150 mm with a drill with a diameter of 10 mm to a depth of no more than 12 mm; the distance between the centers of the holes is at least 14 mm.
Rice. 21. Device for static balancing of the crankshaft with flywheel and clutch.
The diaphragm clutch is balanced by drilling 9 mm diameter holes in the casing flange at a diameter of 273 mm. The crankshaft with flywheel and prismatic clutch must stop after rotating in random positions.
On the first main journal of the crankshaft 16 (Fig. 22), the rear washer of the thrust bearing 2 is put on with an antifriction layer to the cheek of the crankshaft (the nominal thickness of the washer is 2.5–0.05 mm, the first repair one is 2.6–0.05 mm).
Rice. 22. Front part of the crankshaft: 1 – front washer of the thrust bearing; 2 – rear thrust bearing washer; 3 – bearing shell; 4 – main bearing cover; 5 – pin; 6 – thrust washer; 7 – gear; 8 – oil deflector; 9 – cuff; 10 – hub; 11 – pulley; 12 – ratchet; 13 – rubber plug; 14 – damper disk; 15 – rubber gasket; 16 – crankshaft.
Use a clean rag to wipe the main bearing shells and their beds, where the shells are placed 3; The main bearing liners and crankshaft journals are lubricated with clean engine oil, after which the shaft is placed in the cylinder block (it is advisable to place very thin transparent paper under the liners on the block).
Then the front washer of thrust bearing 1 is placed with the antifriction layer forward (outward) so that the pins 5, pressed into the block and the front cover, fit into the grooves of the washer. The thickness of the front washer should be between 2.35–2.45 mm.
When installing the main bearing caps, it is necessary that the marks (or numbers) indicating the bearing number are placed on one side and opposite each other. The caps of the 4 main bearings can be seated in place by lightly tapping them with a rubber hammer.
The tongue of the rear thrust bearing washer should fit into the groove in the rear end of the main bearing cap.
Place washers on the studs, screw in the nuts securing the first cover and tighten them evenly. 3 drops of Unigerm-9 sealant are first applied to the threaded part of the nuts.
Notes
1. Before assembly, it is necessary to remove the remnants of previously applied sealant from the nuts and studs, degrease them with gasoline and dry them.
2. If the studs are removed from the block, they must be sealed using sealant as indicated above.
After each tightening of the nuts with a torque wrench to a torque of 10–11 kgf?m, starting from the first cover, turn the crankshaft with a mounting tool, rotating the flywheel or ratchet 12, which should be lightly tightened. The crankshaft should rotate freely with little effort. If the turning force is large, the thin transparent paper placed earlier should be removed from the liner bed and the operation of attaching the first cover should be repeated again.
Subsequent covers are tightened one at a time in the same way as the first, each time turning the crankshaft with a mounting tool.
If there is no sealant, the nuts can be locked using a locking plate 24–1005301–01, bending its whiskers on the edge of the nuts.
Using the “8” hexagon socket wrench mentioned above, we unscrew the two nuts securing the packing holder housing at the rear end of the crankshaft and remove it.
We place two rubber gaskets (flags) in the grooves of the packing holder, and moisten their side surface protruding from the groove with a soap solution. Apply a little heat-resistant sealant to the top of the flags.
On the bottom of the packing holder we put a device - a plate (Fig. 23) and tighten it with two M8 nuts.
We install the holder with the plate in place and tighten the nuts on the spring washers through the grooves of the device, after which we remove it.
Then we remove the ratchet and put a steel thrust washer 6 on the key on the front part of the crankshaft (see Fig. 22) with a chamfer in the internal hole towards the front thrust bearing washer and press the crankshaft gear 7 until it stops, aligning the “0” mark located on tooth of the crankshaft gear, with a “risk” at the tooth cavity on the textolite (plastic) camshaft gear.
Rice. 23. Thrust plate for installing rubber gaskets.
The longitudinal play of the crankshaft should be normal, and this must be verified (the axial clearance between the end of the rear washer of the thrust bearing and the plane of the shoulder of the first main journal is 0.125–0.325 mm). The check is carried out as follows: place a screwdriver (mounter) between the first crank of the shaft and the front wall of the block and, using it as a lever, push the shaft towards the rear end of the engine. Measure the gap with a feeler gauge. The size of the gap can be adjusted by selecting the front thrust bearing washer of the appropriate thickness. The thickness of the front washer varies within the following limits: 2.35–2.37; 2.37–2.40; 2.40–2.45 mm.
Insert oil deflector 8.
Now you should finally tighten the bolts (see Fig. 22) with two spring washers of the thrust flange 2 to the block through the holes of the plastic camshaft gear.
We put a paronite sealing gasket on the block studs (place it on the sealing paste) and the timing gear cover, having previously replaced the cuff with a new one 9 (see Fig. 22), pressing it in using a mandrel (Fig. 24).
Rice. 24. Mandrel for pressing the cuff into the timing gear cover.
Then lightly tighten the nuts and bolts securing the cover, and center the cover along the front end of the crankshaft using a centering mandrel (Fig. 25).
Rice. 25. Mandrel for the central front cuff of the crankshaft.
The gaps are leveled by lightly hitting the cover with a rubber hammer. After this, the lid is finally secured; remove the centering mandrel and press the pulley hub 10 (see Fig. 22) with the crankshaft damper pulley. Rubber plug 13 is inserted into the keyway and the key is pressed into place.
After this, you should screw the ratchet into the crankshaft, after putting a toothed washer on it. Tighten the ratchet very tightly (with a wrench), while jamming (with a mounting tool) the crankshaft from rotation.
Now, turning the crankshaft by the ratchet, check whether the damper pulley is touching the camshaft cover.
Helpful information. A special device is mounted on the pulley - a damper, which serves to dampen torsional vibrations of the crankshaft, thereby reducing noise and facilitating the operating conditions of the camshaft drive gears. The damper consists of a cast iron disk 14 (see Fig. 22), pressed through an elastic (rubber) gasket 15 onto the cylindrical protrusion of the crankshaft pulley.
Inspect the liners - the piston hole, the seating and outer surfaces, and the collar.
Rice. 26. Scheme for measuring tolerance of size group.
Using an indicator bore gauge, measure the diameter of the hole in belts I, II, III (Fig. 26) and in mutually perpendicular planes AA and BB. Belt I is located below the excavation from the upper piston ring; II – in the middle of the sleeve; III – 20 mm above the bottom edge of the sleeve.
In this way, the amount of total wear is determined, and three values of ovality along the circumference and two values of taper along the length of the liner are obtained:
Total = Dn – D,
where Total is the amount of total wear; DN – the largest value of the diameter of the measured liners (use the value with the greatest wear); D – the largest diameter of the liner (the size is determined according to the table “Size groups of liners and pistons”, page 167).
Deviations in the shape of the sleeve hole should be located in the field of the hole in the sleeve.
Pressing out the sleeves should be done using a simple homemade puller (Fig. 27). After removing the liners, the seating surfaces and sealing surfaces on the liner and block should be thoroughly cleaned of scale and corrosion.
Rice. 27. Puller for pressing liners out of the cylinder block.
The piston diameter is measured on a plane perpendicular to the piston pin axis and at a distance of 8 mm from the pin axis (Fig. 28).
Rice. 28. Measured piston skirt diameter.
To facilitate the selection, liners and pistons are divided (by diameter) into five size groups (Table 2).
Table 2. Size groups of liners and pistons
The letter indicating the group of the sleeve is applied to the outer surface of the lower part of the sleeve. The pistons are matched to the liners with a gap of 0.024–0.048 mm. The clearance can be determined by measuring the diameter of the piston and liner.
You can also select new pistons for liners based on the pulling force of a feeler tape 0.05 mm thick and 10 mm wide; The feeler tape is placed in a plane perpendicular to the piston pin axis along the largest diameter of the piston. The force on the permanent scales connected to the probe tape should be 3.5–5.5 kgf.
Before removing the sleeves from the block, they must be marked with a serial number and their position in the block must be marked so that in the future, if they are suitable, they can be installed in their original places.
The belt formed by the upper piston ring in the upper part of the liner is cut off with a scraper.
The most susceptible to wear on the piston are the holes in the piston pin bosses, the skirt and the piston ring grooves. The pin should not move freely in the holes of the piston bosses. The height of the compression grooves in the piston. The height of the oil scraper grooves in the piston.
To reliably seal the lower seat of the cylinder block with the liner so that the coolant does not get into the crankcase pan, the worn and corroded seat of the block must be thoroughly cleaned of sludge, degreased and coated with epoxy glue. Before installing the sleeve into the block socket, put on it a sealing ring made of soft copper 3 mm thick, lubricated with a thin layer of sealant. The sleeve should fit into the socket freely, without effort. To ensure a reliable seal, the upper end of the sleeve must protrude above the plane of the block by 0.02–0.1 mm, while the copper gasket must be crimped. The difference in the protrusion of the sleeves above the plane of the block should be within 0.055 mm. It is more convenient to first check the amount of sinking of the liner in the cylinder without a gasket. The sinking should be within 0.20–0.25 mm. To prevent the sleeve from falling out, it must be secured with a holder - a wide washer and a tube placed on the block stud, and a nut must be screwed onto the stud.
The next stage of work is the selection of the piston pin to the connecting rod. The pin in the bushing of the upper head of the connecting rod should move at room temperature under the force of the thumb and at the same time should not fall out of the connecting rod bushing under the influence of its own weight if the connecting rod is turned so that the pin stands vertically (the piston pin should be lightly lubricated with engine oil ).
The nominal diameter of the hole in the bushing of the upper head of the connecting rod is 22–0.003+0.007, the maximum permissible is 22–0.01. The pins and the upper head of the connecting rod with the bushing are divided into four size groups, marked with paint (pin in the hole, connecting rod on the rod near the upper head), and a Roman numeral is stamped on the bottom of the piston, indicating the piston group.
Assemble the piston with connecting rod. Before this, heat the piston in hot water to a temperature of 60–80 °C, and quickly insert the connecting rod into the piston so that the inscription “Front” on the piston and the protrusion “A” on the connecting rod are on one side, and press the piston pin into the piston and connecting rod using a mandrel (Fig. 29); install retaining rings.
Rice. 29. Mandrel for pressing the piston pin into the piston and connecting rod.
Measure the gaps in the joints (locks) of the piston rings. To do this, insert the ring into the cylinder and push it with the piston as a mandrel so that the ring fits evenly in the cylinder without distortion. Measure the gap in the ring lock with a feeler gauge; it should be 0.3–0.7 mm for compression rings, and 0.3–1.0 mm for oil scraper discs. If the gaps are smaller, you can use a file held in a vice to file off the ends of the ring. In this case, the ring is moved up and down along the file. If the gap exceeds the specified dimensions, the ring is replaced.
Piston rings are put on the piston: first the oil scraper ring, then the lower compression ring, then the upper one. In this case, the lower compression ring, which has an internal groove, is placed with this groove upward towards the bottom of the piston. Violation of this condition causes a sharp increase in oil consumption and engine smoke.
Next, you should use a feeler gauge to measure the gap between the groove on the piston and the piston ring in several places around the circumference of the piston. The gap should be 0.05–0.087 mm for compression rings and 0.115–0.365 mm for a prefabricated low-removable ring. If the clearances exceed the specified values, the rings or pistons need to be replaced.
For reference: the height of the compression rings is 2 mm, the height of the oil scraper rings is 4.9 mm.
Piston assemblies are controlled by weight. The difference in mass between pistons assembled with a connecting rod, pin and piston rings should be no more than 12 g. The mass of the piston can be reduced by removing metal from the cheeks, for example, by milling the end of the bosses to a size of at least 23 mm from the axis of the hole for the piston pin. The mass of the connecting rod is changed by milling the boss on the upper head to a depth of at least 19 mm from the center of the head and by milling the boss on the cover of the lower head to a depth of at least 36 mm from its center.
The pistons should be inserted into the liners as follows: wipe the beds of the connecting rods and their caps, insert the liners into them; turn the crankshaft so that the cranks of the first and fourth cylinders take the position corresponding to BDC; lubricate the bearings, piston, connecting rod journal and liner with engine oil; move the joints of the compression rings at an angle of 180° to each other, and also move the locks of the oil scraper ring disks at an angle of 180° to each other and at an angle of 90° to the locks of the compression rings; The lock of the oil scraper ring expander must be at an angle of 45° to the lock of one of the oil scraper ring discs. To avoid damaging the liner mirror, it is recommended to put pieces of rubber hoses on the connecting rod bolts.
Check the correct position of the connecting rod piston in relation to the liner: the “Front” mark (the inscription on the piston boss) faces the front of the engine, and the hole for lubrication of the liner mirror in the lower head of the connecting rod with a diameter of 1.5 mm should face the direction opposite to the camshaft.
Rice. 30. Installing the piston with rings into the liner using a mandrel.
Insert the piston with connecting rod into the liner using a conical device (mandrel) to compress the piston rings (Fig. 30); compress the piston rings and push the piston into the liner with light blows with the handle of a hammer, while the mandrel must be pressed tightly against the block, otherwise you can break the piston rings. Move the piston down so that the lower head of the connecting rod sits on the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, remove the hose trimmings from the connecting rod bolts. Install the connecting rod cap onto the connecting rod bolts (the numbers stamped on the cap and connecting rod are directed in the same direction). After tightening the nuts, apply 2-3 drops of Unigerom-9 sealant to the threaded part of the nuts and tighten the nuts evenly. Make the final tightening of the nuts with a torque wrench to a torque of 6.8–7.5 kgf?m. If there is no sealant, the nuts must be secured using a lock nut stamped from sheet steel. The tightening torque of the lock nut is 0.3–0.5 kgf?m. The connecting rod nuts are installed without washers. Insert the piston of the fourth cylinder in the same order. Then turn the crankshaft 180° and insert the pistons of the 2nd and 3rd cylinders in the same way.
Note. A set of piston rings, consisting of upper and lower tin-plated compression rings and a steel oil scraper ring with non-chrome plated discs, must be installed in working cylinder liners without boring them.
Install the oil pump with the inlet pipe assembly and secure it with two nuts.
Set the piston of cylinder 1 to TDC on the compression stroke. To do this, turn the crankshaft so that the third mark on the damper disk aligns with the boss (locating pin) on the timing gear cover. The camshaft cams, which operate the valves of the first cylinder, should be directed with their tops towards the oil sump and located symmetrically.
Install the pushrods and install the pushrod side cover.
Rice. 31. Checking the axial clearance between the oil pump drive housing and the ignition distributor sensor with gear.
Before installing the oil pump drive and ignition distributor, check the axial clearance between the end of the drive gear and the bronze thrust washer using a feeler gauge (Fig. 31). The gap should be between 0.15–0.40 mm. Place a paronite gasket on the drive mounting studs. Rotate the drive shaft by 45°, i.e. to the position shown in Fig. 32a, and place the drive in the block socket. When inserting the drive into the socket, it is necessary to slightly turn the oil pump shaft so that the end of the drive shaft enters the hole in the pump shaft. The drive should be inserted without significant effort. When installing the drive, when the gears engage, the drive shaft will rotate and take the correct position, in which the slot in the shaft bushing should be parallel to the axis of the engine and offset from the engine, as shown in Fig. 32, b (large mass of the semi-ring is located near the engine). Secure the drive.
Rice. 32. Position of the groove on the bushing of the oil pump drive shaft and ignition sensor-distributor: a – before installing the drive in the block; b – after installing the drive in the block.
Place a gasket made of asbestos fabric reinforced with a metal frame on the cylinder studs, lubricating it on both sides with graphite lubricant, and install the assembled cylinder head with valves assemblies.
The 402 and 4021 engine cylinder heads differ in combustion chamber volume. With the valves in place and the spark plug screwed in, the combustion chamber volume is 74–77 cm3 for the 402 engine and 94–98 cm3 for the 4021 engine. The head height of the 402 engine is 94.4 mm (compression ratio 8.2), the head height of the 4021 engine is 98 mm (compression ratio 6.7). The cylinder head is attached to the block with ten steel studs with a diameter of 12 mm. Flat steel heat-strengthened washers are placed under the stud nuts. The nuts are tightened with a torque wrench to a torque of 8.3–9.0 kgf?m, following the order specified in the instructions.
Clean with wire and blow out with compressed air the holes in the rocker arm axle, in the rocker arms and in the adjusting screws. Check the tightness of the bushings in the rocker arms. If the bushing does not fit tightly, it needs to be replaced, since during engine operation it can turn and block the hole for supplying oil to the pusher rod. Before installing each rocker arm, lubricate its bushing with engine oil. Insert the pushers into the hole in the head. Pre-lubricate the pushers and seats in the block with engine oil. The length of the rod is 283 mm (for a compression ratio of 8.2) and 287 mm (for a compression ratio of 6.7). Insert the rod assembly with tips into the holes in the head. Install the assembled rocker arm axle onto the studs and secure with nuts and washers. The adjusting bolts with their spherical part should rest on the sphere of the upper tip of the rod.
After installing the cylinder head, adjust the clearances in the valve drive. Adjustment of the gaps between the rocker arms and valves is carried out on a cold engine, with the cylinder head mounting nuts and the valve rocker arm axis mounting nuts tightened to the required torque.
The gap between the rocker arms and the first and eighth valves is 0.35–0.4 mm, the gap between the remaining rocker arms and the valves is 0.4–045 mm. Set the gaps between the rocker arms and valves - first, second, fourth and sixth. Turn the crankshaft one revolution and set the gaps between the rocker arms and valves - third, fifth, seventh and eighth.
Install the gasket and rocker cover and secure it with six bolts and washers.
Rules for the provision of services (performance of work) for the maintenance and repair of motor vehicles (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 11, 2001 No. 290)
I. General provisions
1. These Rules, developed in accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On the Protection of Consumer Rights,” regulate the relationship that arises between the consumer and the contractor when providing services (performing work) for the maintenance and repair of motor vehicles and their components (hereinafter referred to as motor vehicles ).
2. The terms used in these Rules mean the following:
“consumer” is a citizen who intends to order, or orders, or uses services (work) for the maintenance and repair of motor vehicles exclusively for personal, family, household and other needs not related to business activities;
“contractor” is an organization, regardless of its legal form, as well as an individual entrepreneur, providing services (performing work) to consumers for the maintenance and repair of motor vehicles under a paid contract (hereinafter referred to as the contract).
II. Information about services (works), the procedure for accepting orders and drawing up contracts
3. The Contractor is obliged to bring to the attention of the consumer the brand name (name) of his organization, location (legal address) and mode of operation. This information must be posted on the sign.
The contractor - an individual entrepreneur must provide information about state registration indicating the name of the body that registered it.
In the event of a temporary suspension of the organization’s activities for carrying out sanitary, repair and other measures, the contractor is obliged to inform consumers about the date of suspension of work and the time during which the organization will not carry out its activities.
If the type of activity carried out by the contractor is subject to licensing, the consumer must be provided with information about the license number, its validity period and the authority that issued the license.
4. The contractor is obliged, before concluding a contract, to provide the consumer with the necessary reliable information about the services provided (work performed), ensuring the possibility of their correct selection.
This information must be placed in the room where orders are accepted, in a place convenient for viewing and must contain:
a) a list of services provided (work performed) and forms of their provision;
b) names of standards, the mandatory requirements of which must be met by the services provided (work performed);
c) information on mandatory confirmation of compliance of the services provided (work performed) with the established requirements, if such services (work) are subject to mandatory confirmation of compliance (number and validity period of the document confirming compliance, the body that issued it);
d) prices for services provided (work performed), as well as prices for spare parts and materials used and information on the procedure and form of payment;
e) warranty periods, if established;
f) information about the timing of orders;
g) an indication of the specific person who will provide the service (perform the work) and information about him, if this is relevant based on the nature of the service (work).
5. Information on mandatory confirmation of compliance of the services provided (work performed) with mandatory requirements ensuring their safety for the life and health of consumers, the environment and the prevention of harm to consumers’ property is also provided in the form of marking in the prescribed manner with a conformity mark.
6. The Contractor is also obliged to provide the consumer for review:
a) these Rules;
b) the address and telephone number of the consumer rights protection unit of the local government body, if such a unit exists;
c) samples of contracts, work orders, acceptance certificates, receipts, coupons and other documents certifying the acceptance of the order by the contractor, execution of the contract and payment for services (work) by the consumer;
d) a list of categories of consumers entitled to receive benefits, as well as a list of benefits provided for the provision of services (performance of work), in accordance with federal laws and other regulatory legal acts.
The contractor is obliged to provide the consumer, at his request, with other information related to the contract and the relevant service (work performed).
7. After the provision of a service (performance of work), the following information must be brought to the attention of the consumer by providing technical documentation, marking or in another way accepted for certain types of services (work):
a) on the rules and conditions for the effective and safe use of the results of the provision of services (performance of work);
b) about the service life or expiration date, as well as about the necessary actions of the consumer after the expiration of the specified periods and the possible consequences of failure to perform such actions, if motor vehicles, after the expiration of the specified periods, pose a danger to the life, health and property of the consumer or become unsuitable for their intended use .
8. The Contractor is obliged to promptly provide the consumer with information about his organization and about the services provided (work performed) in a clear and accessible form, also in cases where the service is carried out outside the permanent location of the organization (in temporary premises, by mobile teams, etc.).
9. Information must be communicated to the consumer in Russian and additionally, at the discretion of the contractor, in the state languages of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and the native languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation.
10. The Contractor is obliged to comply with the established (announced) operating hours, which for state and municipal organizations is established, respectively, by the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and local self-government bodies.
The operating hours of organizations of other organizational and legal forms, as well as individual entrepreneurs, are established by them independently.
11. The contractor is obliged to have a book of reviews and suggestions, which is provided to the consumer upon his request.
12. The Contractor accepts for implementation (performance) only those services (works) that correspond to the nature of his activities.
The provision of services (performance of work) is carried out with or without a preliminary application.
An application for the provision of a service (performance of work) can be submitted by the consumer in writing, as well as orally (by telephone). Based on the application, the contractor assigns to the consumer the date and time of his arrival and provision of a motor vehicle to provide the service (perform the work). The Contractor is obliged to ensure that applications are taken into account.
If the consumer does not arrive at the place of work at the appointed time, then his service is carried out in the general queue.
13. The contractor is obliged to conclude an agreement if it is possible to provide the declared service (perform the declared work).
The Contractor does not have the right to give preference to one consumer over another with regard to concluding a contract, except in cases provided for by law and other regulatory legal acts.
14. The contract is concluded upon presentation by the consumer of an identity document, as well as documents certifying ownership of a motor vehicle (registration certificate, motor vehicle passport, certificate of invoice). When submitting individual components of a motor vehicle that are not license plates for repair, the presentation of these documents is not required.
A consumer who is not the owner of a motor vehicle presents a document confirming the right to operate the motor vehicle.
A consumer enjoying the right to preferential services shall present documents confirming that he has such a right. The right to preferential service remains with him even in cases where he uses a motor vehicle by proxy.
When drawing up and executing the contract, documents presented by the consumer are not confiscated.
15. The agreement is concluded in writing (work order, receipt or other document) and must contain the following information:
a) corporate name (name) and location (legal address) of the executing organization (for an individual entrepreneur - last name, first name, patronymic, information on state registration);
b) last name, first name, patronymic, telephone number and address of the consumer;
c) date of receipt of the order, deadlines for its execution. If the provision of services (performance of work) is carried out in parts during the term of the contract, the contract must accordingly stipulate the terms (periods) for the provision of such services (performance of such work). By agreement of the parties, the contract may also provide for intermediate deadlines for the completion of individual stages of the provision of services (performance of work);
d) the price of the service provided (work performed), as well as the procedure for its payment;
e) make, model of motor vehicle, state license plate, numbers of main units;
f) the price of a motor vehicle, determined by agreement of the parties;
g) a list of services provided (work performed), a list of spare parts and materials provided by the contractor, their cost and quantity;
h) a list of spare parts and materials provided by the consumer, indicating information on mandatory confirmation of their compliance with mandatory requirements, if federal laws or in the manner established in accordance with them, in particular standards, such requirements are established;
i) warranty periods for work results, if they are established;
j) position, surname, name, patronymic of the person accepting the order (drawing out the contract), his signature, as well as the signature of the consumer;
k) other necessary data related to the specifics of the services provided (work performed).
16. The contractor is obliged to provide the service (perform work) specified in the contract, using his own spare parts and materials, unless otherwise provided by the contract.
17. A contract executed in the presence of the consumer (tire inflation, diagnostic work, some maintenance and repair work, washing, etc.) can be formalized by issuing a receipt, token, coupon, cash receipt, etc.
18. If the consumer leaves a motor vehicle for the contractor to provide services (perform work), the contractor is obliged, simultaneously with the contract, to draw up an acceptance certificate, which indicates the completeness of the motor vehicle and visible external damage and defects, information about the provision of spare parts and materials by the consumer, indicating their exact name, description and price.
The acceptance certificate is signed by the responsible person of the contractor and the consumer and certified by the seal of the contractor.
Copies of the contract and acceptance certificate are issued to the consumer.
19. In case of loss of the contract, the consumer must notify the contractor about this. In this case, the motor vehicle is issued to the consumer on the basis of his written application upon presentation of a passport or other identification document.
20. The consumer has the right, at his choice, to entrust the contractor with certain types of maintenance and repair work.
The contractor does not have the right, without the consent of the consumer, to provide additional services (perform work) for a fee, and also to condition the provision of some services (performance of work) on the mandatory performance of others.
The consumer has the right to refuse payment for services (work performed) provided without his consent, and if they have already been paid, to demand a refund of the amounts paid for them.
21. The contractor is obliged to immediately warn the consumer and, until receiving instructions from him, suspend the provision of the service (performance of work) in the event of:
a) detection of unsuitability or poor quality of spare parts and materials received from the consumer;
b) if compliance with the consumer’s instructions and other circumstances depending on the consumer may reduce the quality of the service provided (work performed) or make it impossible to complete it on time.
22. The contractor who did not warn the consumer about the circumstances specified in paragraph 21 of these Rules or continued to provide the service (performance of work) without waiting for the expiration of the period specified in the contract (and in its absence, a reasonable period for responding to the warning) or without taking into account the timely instructions of the consumer on termination of the provision of a service (performance of work), does not have the right to refer to the specified circumstances when presenting relevant demands to him or them to the consumer.
If the consumer, despite a timely and reasonable warning from the contractor, does not replace unsuitable or substandard spare parts and materials within a reasonable time, does not change the instructions on the method of providing the service (performing the work) or does not eliminate other circumstances that may reduce the quality of the service provided ( work performed), the contractor has the right to terminate the contract and demand full compensation for losses.
III. Payment procedure for services provided (work performed)
23. The consumer is obliged to pay for the service provided by the contractor (work performed) in the manner and within the time specified in the contract.
The consumer is obliged to pay the contractor for the service provided (work performed) after its final completion by the contractor. With the consent of the consumer, the work can be paid for by him at the conclusion of the contract in full or by issuing an advance.
Spare parts and materials provided by the contractor are paid by the consumer upon conclusion of the contract in full or in the amount specified in the contract, with the condition of final payment upon receipt by the consumer of the service provided by the contractor (work performed), unless a different procedure for payment for spare parts and materials of the contractor is provided for in the agreement sides
In accordance with the agreement, spare parts and materials can be provided by the contractor on credit, including with the condition that the consumer pays for them in installments.
24. The price of the service provided (work performed) in the contract is determined by agreement between the contractor and the consumer. If the price for any type of service (work) is set or regulated by government agencies, then the price determined by the agreement between the contractor and the consumer cannot be higher than it.
25. An estimate may be drawn up for the provision of services (performance of work) provided for in the contract. Drawing up such an estimate at the request of the consumer or contractor is mandatory.
In cases where the service (work) is provided (performed) in accordance with the estimate drawn up by the contractor, the estimate becomes part of the contract from the moment it is confirmed by the consumer.
26. The estimate can be approximate or firm. In the absence of other instructions in the contract, the estimate is considered firm.
The contractor does not have the right to demand an increase in the fixed estimate, and the consumer does not have the right to demand its reduction, including in the case when at the time of concluding the contract it was impossible to provide for the full volume of services to be provided (work performed) or the expenses necessary for this.
The Contractor has the right to demand an increase in the firm estimate in the event of a significant increase in the cost of spare parts and materials provided by the Contractor (as well as services provided to him by third parties), which could not have been foreseen at the conclusion of the contract. If the consumer refuses to comply with this requirement, the contractor has the right to terminate the contract in court.
If there is a need to provide additional services (perform additional work) and for this reason the approximate estimate is significantly exceeded, the contractor is obliged to promptly warn the consumer about this. If the consumer does not agree to exceed the approximate estimate, he has the right to refuse to fulfill the contract. In this case, the contractor may require the consumer to pay for the part of the service provided (part of the work performed).
The contractor who fails to promptly warn the consumer about the need to exceed the approximate estimate is obliged to fulfill the contract, retaining the right to payment for the service (work) within the approximate estimate.
IV. Procedure for provision of services (performance of work)
27. The quality of the services provided (work performed) must comply with the terms of the contract, and if there are no quality requirements in the contract or if they are insufficient, then the requirements usually imposed on the quality of services (work) of this kind.
If federal laws or in the manner established in accordance with them, in particular standards, provide for mandatory requirements for the services provided (work performed), the contractor must provide a service (perform work) that meets these requirements.
28. The contractor is obliged to provide the service (perform the work) within the time limits stipulated by the contract.
When providing services (performing work) with a visit to the consumer, the contractor ensures the appearance of his employees, delivery of spare parts and materials, technical equipment and tools at the time agreed with the consumer, and the consumer is obliged to create the necessary conditions for the provision of services (performance of work).
29. The consumer’s request to provide additional services (perform additional work) is formalized in an agreement.
30. If deficiencies that threaten traffic safety are identified in the process of providing services (performing work), the contractor is obliged to act in the manner prescribed by paragraph 21 of these Rules.
If the consumer disagrees with the work to eliminate malfunctions identified during the provision of services (performing work) and threatening traffic safety, or if it is impossible to eliminate these malfunctions during the repair of a motor vehicle, a record is made in all copies of the acceptance certificate or in another document confirming acceptance about the presence of such defects. This entry is certified by the responsible person of the contractor and the consumer.
31. The consumer has the right at any time to check the progress and quality of the provision of services (performance of work), without interfering with the activities of the contractor. The Contractor is obliged to ensure that the consumer can stay in the production premises, taking into account compliance with the technological operating mode, safety regulations, fire safety and industrial sanitation.
Advertisement part of the price of the service (work).
33. A motor vehicle is issued to the consumer or his representative after full payment for the service provided (work performed) upon presentation of the acceptance certificate and agreement (receipt, etc.), passport or other identification document, and for the consumer representative - also a power of attorney executed according to established order.
34. The delivery of a motor vehicle to the consumer is carried out after the contractor controls the completeness and quality of the service provided (work performed), completeness and preservation of the presentation of the motor vehicle.
35. The consumer is obliged, in the manner and within the time frame stipulated by the contract, to check, with the participation of the contractor, the completeness and technical condition of the motor vehicle, as well as the volume and quality of the service provided (work performed), the serviceability of components and assemblies that have undergone repair, and accept the service provided (performed work). If deviations from the contract are detected that worsen the result of the service provided (work performed), replacement of components, incompleteness of the motor vehicle and other shortcomings, the consumer is obliged to immediately notify the contractor about this. These defects must be described in the acceptance certificate or other document certifying acceptance, which is signed by the responsible person of the contractor and the consumer. A consumer who discovers deficiencies when accepting an order has the right to refer to them if the acceptance certificate or other document certifying acceptance stipulated these deficiencies or the possibility of subsequent submission of demands to eliminate them.
Unless otherwise provided by the contract, a consumer who accepts an order without checking is deprived of the right to refer to defects that could have been discovered during the normal acceptance method (obvious defects).
A consumer who, after accepting an order, discovers that its execution does not comply with the contract or other defects that could not be identified using the usual method of acceptance (hidden defects), including those that were deliberately hidden by the contractor, is obliged to notify the contractor about this within a reasonable time upon discovery. .
After the execution of the contract or the consumer’s refusal to fulfill it, the contractor is obliged to issue the consumer with certificates-invoices for the numbered units newly installed on the motor vehicle, provide the consumer with a report on the consumption of spare parts and materials paid for by him and return their balances or, with the consent of the consumer, reduce the price of the service (work) taking into account the cost of unused spare parts and materials remaining with the contractor, as well as return replaced (faulty) components and parts.
36. In the event of complete or partial loss (damage) of a motor vehicle (spare parts and materials) accepted from the consumer, the contractor is obliged to notify the consumer about this and, within 3 days, transfer free of charge to the consumer a motor vehicle (spare parts and materials) of similar quality or reimburse 2 times the price of the lost (damaged) motor vehicle (spare parts and materials), as well as expenses incurred by the consumer.
In the case of providing a service (performing work) using spare parts and materials provided by the consumer, the contractor is released from liability for their complete or partial loss (damage), if the consumer is warned by the contractor about their special properties, which may entail their complete or partial loss ( damage).
37. If a disagreement arises between the consumer and the contractor regarding the shortcomings of the service provided (work performed) or their reasons, the contractor is obliged, on his own initiative or at the request of the consumer, to send the motor vehicle for examination and pay for it.
If the examination establishes the absence of violations by the contractor of the terms of the contract or a causal connection between the actions of the contractor and the detected deficiencies, the costs of the examination are borne by the party at whose initiative (request) it was carried out, and if the examination is appointed by agreement of the parties - the contractor and the consumer equally.
V. Responsibility of the performer
38. For non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of obligations under the contract, the contractor bears responsibility as provided for by federal laws and the contract.
39. If the consumer is not given the opportunity to obtain information about the service (work) when concluding a contract, he has the right to demand from the contractor compensation for losses caused by unjustified avoidance of concluding the contract, and if the contract is concluded, terminate it within a reasonable time and demand the return of the amount paid for the services ( work) amount and compensation for other losses.
The contractor who has not provided the consumer with complete and reliable information about the service (work) bears responsibility, as provided for in paragraph 40 of these Rules, for deficiencies in the service (work) that arose after its acceptance by the consumer due to his lack of such information.
40. In case of detection of deficiencies in the service provided (work performed), the consumer has the right, at his choice, to demand from the contractor:
a) elimination of deficiencies free of charge;
b) a corresponding reduction in the price established for the work;
c) re-performance of work free of charge;
d) reimbursement of expenses incurred by him to correct deficiencies on his own or by third parties.
The consumer has the right to terminate the contract and demand full compensation for losses if, within the period established by the contract, the shortcomings of the service provided (work performed) are not eliminated by the contractor. The consumer also has the right to terminate the contract if he discovers significant deficiencies in the service provided (work performed) or significant deviations from the terms of the contract.
The consumer also has the right to demand full compensation for losses caused to him in connection with deficiencies in the service provided (work performed). Losses are compensated within the time limits established to satisfy the relevant consumer requirements.
41. Requirements related to deficiencies in the service provided (work performed) may be presented upon acceptance of the service provided (work performed), during the provision of the service (work performed), or, if it is impossible to detect deficiencies upon acceptance of the service provided (work performed), in during the warranty period, and in its absence, within a reasonable period, within 2 years from the date of acceptance of the service provided (work performed).
42. The Contractor is responsible for the shortcomings of the service provided (work performed), for which there is no warranty period, if the consumer proves that they arose before his acceptance of it or for reasons that arose before that moment.
The Contractor is responsible for the shortcomings of the service provided (work performed), for which the warranty period is established, unless he proves that they arose after the acceptance of the service provided (work performed) by the consumer as a result of his violation of the rules for using the result of the service provided (work performed), actions of third parties or force majeure.
In the event that the warranty period provided for in the contract is less than 2 years and deficiencies in the service provided (work performed) are discovered by the consumer after the expiration of the warranty period, but within two years, the consumer has the right to make claims provided for in paragraph 40 of these Rules if he proves that such deficiencies arose before he accepted the result of the service provided (work performed) or for reasons that arose before that moment.
43. Defects in the service provided (work performed) must be eliminated by the contractor within a reasonable time period specified by the consumer, which is specified in the contract.
44. If significant deficiencies in the service provided (work performed) are identified, the consumer has the right to make a demand to the contractor to eliminate the deficiencies free of charge if he proves that the deficiencies arose before he accepted the result of the service provided (work performed) or for reasons that arose before that moment. This requirement may be presented if such defects are discovered after 2 years from the date of acceptance of the result of the service provided (work performed), but within the service life established for the result of the service provided (work performed), or within 10 years from the date of acceptance of the result of the service provided (work performed) by the consumer, if the service life is not established. If this requirement is not satisfied within 20 days from the date of its presentation by the consumer or the detected defect is irreparable, the consumer, at his choice, has the right to demand:
a) a corresponding reduction in the price for the service provided (work performed);
b) reimbursement of expenses incurred by him to eliminate deficiencies in the service provided (work performed) on his own or by third parties;
c) termination of the contract and compensation for losses.
45. The Contractor, who provided spare parts and materials for the provision of services and performance of work, is responsible for their quality in accordance with the rules of the seller’s liability for goods of inadequate quality in accordance with the civil legislation of the Russian Federation.
46. If the contractor violated the terms for the provision of a service (performance of work), the start and (or) end dates for the provision of a service (performance of work) and (or) intermediate deadlines for the provision of a service (performance of work) or during the provision of a service (performance of work) it became obvious, that it will not be completed on time, the consumer has the right to:
a) assign a new term to the executor;
b) entrust the provision of services (performance of work) to third parties for a reasonable price or perform it on their own and demand reimbursement from the contractor for expenses incurred;
c) demand a reduction in the price for the provision of services (performance of work);
d) terminate the contract.
47. The consumer also has the right to demand full compensation for losses caused to him in connection with violation of the deadlines for the provision of services (performance of work). Losses are compensated within the time limits established to satisfy the relevant consumer requirements.
48. New terms for the provision of services (performance of work) assigned by the consumer are formalized in a contract.
If the contractor fails to comply with the new deadlines, the consumer has the right to present him with other requirements established by paragraph 46 of these Rules.
49. Upon termination of the contract, the contractor has no right to demand reimbursement of his expenses incurred in the process of providing the service (performing the work), as well as payment for the service provided (work performed), except if the consumer accepted the service provided (work performed).
50. In case of violation of the established deadlines for the provision of a service (performance of work) or new deadlines assigned by the consumer, the contractor pays the consumer for each day (hour, if the deadlines are defined in hours) of delay a penalty (penalty) in the amount of 3 percent of the price of providing the service (performance of work), and if the price for providing a service (performing work) is not determined by the contract, - the total price of the service (work). The contract may establish a higher amount of penalties (fines).
A penalty (penalty) for violation of the deadlines for the start of the provision of a service (performance of work), its stage (if the contract defines the stages of provision of the service (performance of work)) is collected for each day (hour, if the contract terms are specified in hours) of delay until the start of the service (performance of work), its stage or presentation by the consumer of the requirements provided for in paragraph 46 of these Rules.
A penalty (penalty) for violation of the deadlines for the completion of the provision of a service (performance of work), its stage (if the contract defines the stages of provision of the service (performance of work)) is collected for each day (hour, if the contract terms are specified in hours) of delay until the end of the service. (performance of work), its stage or presentation by the consumer of the requirements provided for in paragraph 46 of these Rules.
The amount of penalties (fines) collected by the consumer cannot exceed the price of a particular type of service (work) or the total price of the order, if the price of a particular type of service (work) is not determined by the contract.
51. If the order is not fulfilled within the established time frame, in addition to paying a penalty, the consumer must be returned in full the premium for urgency, if such was provided for in the contract.
52. Losses caused to the consumer are subject to compensation in full in excess of the penalty (fines) established by law or contract, unless otherwise specified by law.
Satisfying the consumer's demands for the gratuitous elimination of deficiencies or for the repeated provision of a service (performance of work) does not relieve the contractor from liability in the form of payment of a penalty for violating the deadline for the provision of a service (performance of work).
53. Damage caused to the life, health and property of the consumer due to deficiencies in the service provided (work performed) for the maintenance and repair of motor vehicles is subject to compensation in full in the manner established by federal laws.
54. The procedure and deadlines for the contractor to satisfy consumer requirements, as well as liability for violating these deadlines, are regulated by the Law of the Russian Federation “On the Protection of Consumer Rights.”
55. State control over compliance with these Rules is carried out by the federal antimonopoly body (its territorial bodies), as well as other federal executive bodies (their territorial bodies) within their competence.
Criminal Code of the Russian Federation on liability for poor quality repairs
Article 266. Poor quality repairs of vehicles and their release into service with technical defects.
1. Poor quality repairs of vehicles, means of communication, signaling or communication means or other transport equipment, as well as the release into operation of technically faulty vehicles by a person responsible for the technical condition of vehicles, if these acts negligently resulted in the infliction of grave or moderate harm to health person or causing large damage, is punishable by a fine in the amount of four hundred to seven hundred times the minimum wage, or in the amount of the wages or other income of the convicted person for a period of four to seven months, or by restriction of freedom for a term of up to three years, or by arrest for a term of up to six months, or imprisonment for a term of up to two years with or without deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities for a term of up to three years.
2. The same acts, which through negligence resulted in the death of a person, are punishable by imprisonment for a term of up to five years.
3. Acts provided for in the first part of this article, resulting in the death of two or more persons through negligence, are punishable by imprisonment for a term of four to ten years.
Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation on responsibility for road maintenance
Article 12.34. Violation of the rules for repairing and maintaining roads, railroad crossings or other road structures.
Violation of the rules for repairing and maintaining roads, railway crossings or other road structures in a safe condition for road traffic, or failure to take measures to promptly eliminate obstacles to traffic, prohibit or restrict road traffic on certain sections of roads if the use of such sections threatens road safety traffic - entails the imposition of an administrative fine on officials responsible for the condition of roads, railway crossings or other road structures in the amount of twenty to thirty times the minimum wage; for legal entities – from two hundred to three hundred minimum wages.
Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation on compensation for harm
Article 4.7. Compensation for property damage and moral harm caused by an administrative offense.
1. A judge, when considering a case of an administrative offense, has the right, in the absence of a dispute about compensation for property damage, simultaneously with the imposition of an administrative penalty, to resolve the issue of compensation for property damage.
Disputes regarding compensation for property damage are resolved by the court in civil proceedings.
2. In a case of an administrative offense considered by another authorized body or official, the dispute over compensation for property damage is resolved by the court in civil proceedings.
3. Disputes regarding compensation for moral damage caused by an administrative offense are considered by the court in civil proceedings.
Civil Code of the Russian Federation on compensation for harm
Chapter 59. Liabilities due to damage.
1. General provisions on compensation for damage
Article 1064. General grounds for liability for causing harm.
1. Harm caused to the person or property of a citizen, as well as harm caused to the property of a legal entity, is subject to compensation in full by the person who caused the harm.
By law, the obligation to compensate for harm may be imposed on a person who is not the cause of harm.
The law or contract may establish the obligation of the harm-doer to pay compensation to the victims in excess of compensation for harm.
2. The person who caused the harm is released from compensation for harm if he proves that the harm was not caused through his fault. The law may provide for compensation for harm even in the absence of the fault of the harm-doer.
3. Damage caused by lawful actions is subject to compensation in cases provided for by law.
Compensation for harm may be refused if the harm was caused at the request or with the consent of the victim, and the actions of the harm-doer do not violate the moral principles of society.
Article 1068. Liability of a legal entity or citizen for harm caused by its employee.
1. A legal entity or citizen shall compensate for damage caused by its employee in the performance of labor (official, official) duties.
In relation to the rules provided for by this chapter, employees are citizens performing work on the basis of an employment agreement (contract), as well as citizens performing work under a civil law contract, if at the same time they acted or were supposed to act on the instructions of the relevant legal entity or citizen and under his control over the safe conduct of work.
2. Business partnerships and production cooperatives shall compensate for damage caused by their participants (members) when the latter carried out entrepreneurial, production or other activities of the partnership or cooperative.
Article 1072. Compensation for damage by the person who insured his liability.
A legal entity or citizen who has insured its liability through voluntary or compulsory insurance in favor of the victim (Article 931, paragraph 1 of Article 935), in the event that the insurance compensation is not enough to fully compensate for the damage caused, compensates the difference between the insurance compensation and the actual the amount of damage.
Article 1079. Liability for harm caused by activities that create an increased danger for others.
1. Legal entities and citizens whose activities are associated with increased danger to others (use of vehicles, mechanisms, high-voltage electrical energy, nuclear energy, explosives, potent poisons, etc.; carrying out construction and other related activities etc.), are obliged to compensate for damage caused by a source of increased danger, unless they prove that the damage arose as a result of force majeure or the intent of the victim. The owner of a source of increased danger may be released by the court from liability in whole or in part also on the grounds provided for in paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 1083 of this Code.
The obligation to compensate for damage is assigned to a legal entity or citizen who owns a source of increased danger on the right of ownership, the right of economic management or the right of operational management or on another legal basis (by lease, by power of attorney for the right to drive a vehicle, by virtue of an order of the relevant body on transferring to him a source of increased danger, etc.).
2. The owner of a source of increased danger is not liable for damage caused by this source if he proves that the source was removed from his possession as a result of the illegal actions of other persons. Responsibility for damage caused by a source of increased danger in such cases lies with the persons who unlawfully took possession of the source. If the owner of a source of increased danger is guilty of illegally removing this source from his possession, liability can be imposed on both the owner and the person who unlawfully took possession of the source of increased danger.
3. Owners of sources of increased danger are jointly and severally liable for damage caused as a result of the interaction of these sources (vehicle collisions, etc.) to third parties, on the grounds provided for in paragraph 1 of this article.
Damage caused as a result of the interaction of sources of increased danger to their owners is compensated on a general basis (Article 1064).
Article 1083. Taking into account the guilt of the victim and the property status of the person who caused the harm.
1. Harm caused by the intent of the victim is not subject to compensation.
2. If the gross negligence of the victim himself contributed to the occurrence or increase of harm, depending on the degree of guilt of the victim and the causer of harm, the amount of compensation should be reduced.
In case of gross negligence of the victim and the absence of guilt of the harm-doer in cases where his liability occurs regardless of guilt, the amount of compensation should be reduced or compensation for harm may be refused, unless otherwise provided by law. If harm is caused to the life or health of a citizen, refusal to compensate for the harm is not allowed.
The guilt of the victim is not taken into account when compensating for additional expenses (clause 1 of Article 1085), when compensating for damage in connection with the death of the breadwinner (Article 1089), as well as when compensating for funeral expenses (Article 1094).
3. The court may reduce the amount of compensation for harm caused by a citizen, taking into account his property status, with the exception of cases where the harm was caused by actions committed intentionally.
Article 1085. Scope and nature of compensation for damage caused by damage to health.
1. If a citizen is injured or otherwise damaged his health, the victim’s lost earnings (income) that he had or could definitely have, as well as additional expenses incurred due to damage to health, including expenses for treatment, additional food, and the purchase of medicines, are subject to compensation. , prosthetics, outside care, sanatorium treatment, purchase of special vehicles, preparation for another profession, if it is established that the victim needs these types of help and care and is not entitled to receive them free of charge.
2. When determining lost earnings (income), the disability pension assigned to the victim in connection with injury or other damage to health, as well as other pensions, benefits and other similar payments assigned both before and after the injury to health, are not taken into account and do not entail a reduction in the amount of compensation for harm (they are not counted towards compensation for harm). Earnings (income) received by the victim after damage to health are also not included in compensation for harm.
3. The scope and amount of compensation due to the victim in accordance with this article may be increased by law or agreement.
Article 1086. Determination of earnings (income) lost as a result of damage to health.
1. The amount of earnings (income) lost by the victim to be compensated is determined as a percentage of his average monthly earnings (income) before injury or other damage to health or until he lost his ability to work, corresponding to the degree of loss of professional ability by the victim, and in the absence of professional ability - the degree of loss of general ability to work.
2. The composition of the lost earnings (income) of the victim includes all types of payment for his work under employment and civil contracts, both at the place of his main job and part-time work, subject to income tax. One-time payments are not taken into account, in particular compensation for unused vacation and severance pay upon dismissal. During the period of temporary disability or maternity leave, the benefits paid are taken into account. Income from business activities, as well as royalties, are included in lost earnings, while income from business activities is included on the basis of data from the tax office.
All types of earnings (income) are taken into account in amounts accrued before taxes are withheld.
3. The average monthly earnings (income) of the victim is calculated by dividing the total amount of his earnings (income) for the twelve months of work preceding the injury by twelve. In the case where the victim had been working for less than twelve months at the time of the injury, the average monthly earnings (income) is calculated by dividing the total amount of earnings (income) for the number of months actually worked prior to the injury by the number of these months.
Months not fully worked by the victim are, at his request, replaced by previous fully worked months or excluded from the calculation if it is impossible to replace them.
4. In the case where the victim was not working at the time of the injury, at his request, the earnings before dismissal or the usual amount of remuneration for an employee of his qualifications in the given area are taken into account, but not less than the minimum subsistence level established in accordance with the law for the working-age population as a whole in the Russian Federation .
5. If in the earnings (income) of the victim, before the injury or other damage to health was caused, lasting changes occurred that improved his financial situation (the salary for his position was increased, he was transferred to a higher-paying job, he started working after graduating from an educational institution on a full-time basis training and in other cases when the sustainability of the change or the possibility of changing the victim’s wages has been proven), when determining his average monthly earnings (income), only the earnings (income) that he received or should have received after the corresponding change are taken into account.
Article 1087. Compensation for damage to the health of a person under the age of majority.
1. In the event of injury or other damage to the health of a minor who has not reached fourteen years of age (minor) and has no earnings (income), the person responsible for the damage caused is obliged to compensate the expenses caused by the damage to health.
2. Upon reaching a minor victim of fourteen years of age, as well as in the event of harm being caused to a minor aged fourteen to eighteen years who does not have earnings (income), the person responsible for the harm caused is obliged to compensate the victim, in addition to expenses caused by damage to health, also the harm associated with the loss or reduction of his ability to work, based on the minimum subsistence level of the working population in the Russian Federation as a whole established in accordance with the law.
3. If at the time of damage to his health the minor had earnings, then the damage is compensated based on the amount of this earnings, but not lower than the minimum subsistence level established in accordance with the law for the working population as a whole in the Russian Federation.
4. After starting work, a minor whose health was previously harmed has the right to demand an increase in the amount of compensation for harm based on the earnings he receives, but not lower than the amount of remuneration established for the position he holds or the earnings of an employee of the same qualification at his place of work.
Article 1088. Compensation for damage to persons who suffered damage as a result of the death of the breadwinner.
1. In the event of the death of the victim (breadwinner), the following have the right to compensation for damage:
Disabled persons who were dependent on the deceased or who had the right to receive maintenance from him on the day of his death;
A child of the deceased born after his death;
One of the parents, spouse or other family member, regardless of his ability to work, who does not work and is busy caring for the deceased’s dependent children, grandchildren, brothers and sisters who have not reached fourteen years of age or, although they have reached the specified age, but according to the conclusion of medical authorities those in need of outside care for health reasons;
Persons who were dependent on the deceased and became disabled within five years after his death.
One of the parents, spouse or other family member who is not working and is caring for the children, grandchildren, brothers and sisters of the deceased and who becomes disabled during the period of care, retains the right to compensation for damage after the end of care for these persons.
2. Damage is compensated:
For minors - up to the age of eighteen;
For students over eighteen years of age - until graduation from full-time educational institutions, but not more than twenty-three years of age;
Women over fifty-five years of age and men over sixty years of age - for life;
For disabled people – for the period of disability;
To one of the parents, spouse or other family member caring for the deceased’s dependent children, grandchildren, brothers and sisters - until they reach fourteen years of age or their health status changes.
Article 1089. Amount of compensation for damage incurred in the event of the death of the breadwinner.
1. Persons entitled to compensation for damage in connection with the death of the breadwinner shall be compensated for damage in the amount of that share of the earnings (income) of the deceased, determined according to the rules of Article 1086 of this Code, which they received or had the right to receive for their maintenance during his life. When determining compensation for damage to these persons, the income of the deceased, along with earnings (income), includes the pension, lifelong maintenance and other similar payments received by him during his lifetime.
2. When determining the amount of compensation for harm, pensions assigned to persons in connection with the death of the breadwinner, as well as other types of pensions assigned both before and after the death of the breadwinner, as well as earnings (income) and stipends received by these persons to compensate them harm is not counted.
3. The amount of compensation established for each of those entitled to compensation for damage in connection with the death of the breadwinner is not subject to further recalculation, except in the following cases:
The birth of a child after the death of the breadwinner;
Appointment or termination of payment of compensation to persons caring for children, grandchildren, brothers and sisters of the deceased breadwinner.
The amount of compensation may be increased by law or agreement.
Article 1090. Subsequent change in the amount of compensation for damage.
1. A victim who has partially lost his ability to work has the right at any time to demand from the person charged with compensation for damage a corresponding increase in the amount of his compensation, if the victim’s ability to work subsequently decreased due to the damage caused to his health compared to what remained with him by the time he is awarded damages.
2. The person charged with the obligation to compensate for harm caused to the health of the victim has the right to demand a corresponding reduction in the amount of compensation if the victim’s ability to work has increased compared to what he had at the time compensation was awarded.
3. The victim has the right to demand an increase in the amount of compensation for harm if the financial situation of the citizen who is charged with the obligation to compensate for harm has improved, and the amount of compensation has been reduced in accordance with paragraph 3 of Article 1083 of this Code.
4. The court may, at the request of the citizen who caused the harm, reduce the amount of compensation for harm if his property situation due to disability or reaching retirement age has worsened compared to the situation at the time of awarding compensation, except for cases where the harm was caused by actions committed intentionally.
Article 1091. Increase in the amount of compensation for damage due to an increase in the cost of living.
The amounts of compensation paid to citizens for harm caused to the life or health of the victim, when the cost of living increases, are subject to indexation in the manner prescribed by law (Article 318).
Article 1092. Payments for compensation for damage.
1. Compensation for harm caused by a decrease in the ability to work or the death of the victim is made in monthly payments.
If there are good reasons, the court, taking into account the capabilities of the causer of harm, may, at the request of a citizen who has the right to compensation for harm, award him the due payments in a lump sum, but not more than for three years.
2. Amounts to compensate for additional expenses (clause 1 of Article 1085) may be awarded for the future within the time limits determined on the basis of the conclusion of a medical examination, as well as if it is necessary to pre-pay the cost of relevant services and property, including the purchase of a voucher, travel expenses , payment for special vehicles.
Article 1093. Compensation for damage in the event of termination of the activities of a legal entity.
1. In the event of reorganization of a legal entity recognized in accordance with the established procedure as responsible for harm caused to life or health, the obligation to pay the appropriate payments shall be borne by its legal successor. Claims for damages are also being made against him.
2. In the event of liquidation of a legal entity recognized in accordance with the established procedure as responsible for harm caused to life or health, the corresponding payments must be capitalized for payment to the victim according to the rules established by law or other legal acts.
See the Procedure for making capitalized payments to the FCC of the Russian Federation upon liquidation of legal entities - insurers for compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2000 No. 863.
On the capitalization of pensions and payments due from liquidated enterprises for injury or death, see also the resolutions of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of November 23, 1927 and December 31, 1928.
The law or other legal acts may establish other cases in which capitalization of payments can be made.
Article 1094. Reimbursement of funeral expenses.
Persons responsible for damage caused by the death of the victim are obliged to compensate the necessary funeral expenses to the person who incurred these expenses.
Funeral benefits received by citizens who incurred these expenses are not counted toward compensation for damage.
Form of complaint against a court decision on deprivation of the right to drive a vehicle for a period of 1.5 to 2 years on the basis of Art. 12.9 part 1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation
To the Judicial Collegium for Civil Cases
Moscow City Court
From Petrov Petr Petrovich,
resident:
Moscow, 121212, st. Bold, 4-1-2 (tel. 777-77-77)
Complaint against the Resolution of the Gagarinsky Court of Moscow in an administrative case
By the decision of the Cheryomushkinsky Intermunicipal Court of Moscow dated March 15, 2005 in an administrative case initiated under Part 1 of Art. 12. Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, I was deprived of the right to drive vehicles for a period of two years.
This Resolution is unjust, because it was made without a proper legal assessment of the evidence collected in the administrative case, as well as without taking into account data that could radically influence the formation of an opinion about the presence of signs of an administrative offense in my actions, and, in this regard, is subject to cancellation.
The unfairness of the appealed Resolution of the Cheryomushkinsky Court is as follows:
In accordance with the court decision, I was found guilty of driving a vehicle (car) while intoxicated on March 15, 2005.
A) The main (and practically the only) evidence that I am intoxicated, according to the court, is the Protocol of my medical examination, which was attached to the traffic police materials, drawn up on March 15, 2005 at Clinical Hospital No. 17 in Moscow (Protocol No. 10389).
Meanwhile, the conclusion made by a medical worker at Hospital No. 17 in Moscow about the presence of alcoholic intoxication due to a positive reaction using the Rappoport method (indicator tube) is 2.90%, without any other methods of instrumental control, without biochemical analysis of the biological environment (urine, saliva, blood, etc.), seems illegal, contrary to the current Methodological Instructions of the Ministry of Health of Russia No. 308 of July 14, 2003 “On medical examination for intoxication”, and therefore cannot serve as evidence of my intoxicated while driving a vehicle. Thus, in accordance with the current Directives of the Ministry of Health, the state of intoxication is determined by:
1) studies of the subject’s motor sphere (stability in the Romberg pose and other tests);
2) studies of the vasomotor reactions of the subject and his psycho-emotional state;
3) assessment of the subject’s appearance;
4) detecting the presence of alcohol in exhaled air using at least two different methods with mandatory repetition of samples with an interval of 20–30 minutes;
5) conducting gas chromatic studies of at least two biological media (saliva, urine, blood) with a mandatory urine test for alcohol.
At the same time, determining the presence of alcohol in the exhaled air of the test subject should be a prerequisite for conducting more accurate and objective studies, i.e., for collecting biological objects and conducting gas chromatic studies, as well as conducting a urine test for alcohol. Which was not done during the medical examination at Hospital No. 17 in Moscow.
Despite this, the Medical Examination Certificate states that during the examination, the alcohol content in my exhaled air was found to be 2.90%, which corresponds to a severe degree of alcohol intoxication, in which a person completely loses the ability to move and should be in a state close to agony.
Meanwhile, after the examination, which, by the way, I came to on my own, and before that I had been quite consciously communicating with the traffic police officers for a long time, I received from the traffic police officers a temporary permit to drive a vehicle, and also independently (while driving) in my left for home in the car.
Naturally, if I were severely intoxicated, this would simply be impossible.
B) The cited Guidelines of the Ministry of Health specifically note that “most of the currently used samples are not strictly specific for alcohol...”. In this regard, “in case of incompleteness (unclearness) of the clinical picture of intoxication, it is necessary to study biological media, and in combination with at least 2-3 biochemical tests...”.
In my case, taking into account the above circumstances, conducting a full-fledged study of biological objects was mandatory.
It is well known from drug treatment practice that monitoring sobriety using the methods of Rappoport, Mokhov, Shinkarenko and the like, including the so-called “alcometers,” often gives distorted results, because these methods are based on the presence of an acidic environment in the air exhaled by the test subject. Thus, if the subject has caries, diabetes, gastritis, and some other diseases, as well as if the subject consumes kefir, potatoes and some other food products, the above devices show a positive reaction, recording “the presence of alcohol in the air exhaled by the subject.”
That is why the Methodological Instructions of the Ministry of Health oblige medical workers carrying out drug testing to conduct biochemical studies of biological media in controversial cases, including a urine test for alcohol.
In my case, the person who conducted my examination carried out a second examination not after 20–30 minutes, as required by the Methodological Instructions of the Ministry of Health, but immediately after the first one.
As a result, the general results of Medical Examination Protocol No. 10389 should be considered incorrect and contrary to the current Methodological Directive of the Russian Ministry of Health No. 308 dated July 14, 2003. Therefore, they cannot serve as acceptable and objective evidence of my intoxication.
By virtue of Art. 1.5 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation, which regulates the presumption of innocence, all doubts existing in an administrative case must be interpreted in my favor.
In this regard, the specified evidence of my alcohol intoxication is subject to exclusion.
Based on the above, guided by art. 30.1, 30.2, 30.3 Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation,
1. By the decision of the Cheryomushkinsky court of March 15, 2005, in the case of an administrative violation in the form of deprivation of my driver’s license for a period of two, cancel.
2. The administrative case should be terminated by further proceedings.
An example sample of a claim for compensation for material damage and moral harm arising as a result of an accident
TO THE COURT OF MOSCOW
PLAINTIFF: Nikolaev Yuri Ivanovich, living at the address: 12121, Moscow, st. Likhaya, house 1, bldg. 2, apt. 18.
DEFENDANT: Sergey Petrovich Blokhin, residing at: 111701, Moscow, st. Sportivnaya, building 2, apt. 62.
(The owner of the source of increased danger is indicated as the defendant, regardless of whether he was in the car at the time of the accident. If at the time of the accident the driver-offender and the owner of the vehicle were in the car, then they act as co-defendants.)
INTERESTED PERSON: Ilyin Ivan Petrovich, residing at the address: 121212, Moscow, Nochnoy Boulevard, 66, apt. 19.
(As an interested party, drivers are usually indicated - not the owners of the vehicle, who worked on the car involved in the accident, for hire, or who drove it by proxy.)
CLAIMS FOR COMPENSATION OF MATERIAL DAMAGE AND MORAL DAMAGE,
RESULTING FROM TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS.
AMOUNT OF CLAIM: MATERIAL______________
MORAL_________________
STATEMENT OF CLAIM
On March 30, 2005, at about 2 p.m., a traffic accident (RTA) occurred at 8 km of the Narrow Highway near house No. 13. As a result of a collision between a VAZ 2104 car, license plate 0211US, which I was driving, and an Audi 100 car, license plate N111IL, driven by S.P. Blokhin. and entered my lane from the oncoming direction, my vehicle, which belongs to me as private property, suffered significant mechanical damage.
According to Resolution 13 of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate…….. of Moscow, the DEFENDANT was found to be the culprit of the accident (Resolution No. 1 dated……. June 2005).
The restoration repair of my car damaged as a result of an accident, according to calculation No. 222 dated........ June 2005, performed by Service Station No. 5 in Moscow, amounts to......... rubles or...... US dollars (at a ruble exchange rate equal to ……..for one dollar according to data as of……….June 2005)
Including:
Rub. – costs of purchasing spare parts,
Rub. – the cost of direct restoration work.
Rub. – costs of purchasing materials,
Rub. – cost of costing
TOTAL: ________rub. or ________ US dollars
In addition to mechanical damage to my vehicle, the DEFENDANT’s actions also caused me moral damage, expressed as follows.
As a result of being in an extremely traumatic accident, I experienced severe emotional stress, the consequences of which were complete loss of sleep, headaches, fear of confined spaces, and increased irritability. In connection with the above circumstances, I was forced to seek help from the advisory department of the capital’s neurosis clinic, where I was prescribed an appropriate course of treatment. For………. period of time I was forced to take antipsychotics and sedatives. In addition, to restore my health and gain psychological balance, I was forced to undergo a course of hypnotherapy at the ORION medical commercial center.
Based on the above and based on the provisions of Art. 151 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, and also taking into account that, being an air traffic controller by profession, I am obliged to remain in an absolutely calm and concentrated state in order to ensure air flights, I believe that the moral damage caused to me by the RESPONDENT amounts to an amount equal to………. rubles equivalent to……….. US dollars (at an exchange rate equal to……… rubles per dollar as of ____ June 2005).
On a voluntary basis, the DEFENDANT categorically refuses compensation for material damage and moral damage.
Thus:
Based on Art. 1064, 1079, 151, 1098, 1100 Civil Code of the Russian Federation, art. 133, 134 Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation
1. To recover from the RESPONDENT in my favor for compensation for the material damage caused to me as a result of the accident……. rubles, which is equivalent to...... US dollars (at the rate of... rubles per one US dollar according to data as of...... 2005).
2. To recover from the defendant in my favor to compensate for the moral damage caused to me as a result of the accident……. rubles, which is equivalent to...... US dollars (at the rate of...... rubles per dollar as of...... 2005).
3. To secure a civil ACTION, seize the property of the defendant, including his car. The defendant’s car is registered with……… State Traffic Safety Inspectorate of Moscow.
PLAINTIFF:_______________________
APPLICATION:
1) copy of the statement of claim – 2 copies;
2) resolution of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate - on 3 sheets;
3) costing – on 4 sheets;
4) vehicle inspection report – on 2 sheets;
5) receipt of state duty;
6) medical documents confirming moral suffering and being causally related to the accident - on 10 sheets.
PLAINTIFF:______________________
Application
Electrical diagram of a GAZ-3110 car with a ZMZ-402 engine
1 – front right turn indicator;
2 – right headlight;
3 – front side light lamps;
4 – headlight lamps;
5 – right fog lamp;
6 – electric fan of the cooling system;
7 – sensor for turning on the electric radiator fan;
8 – left fog lamp;
9 – left headlight;
10 – front left turn indicator;
11 – right turn signal repeater;
12 – spark plugs and tips with noise suppression resistors;
13 – sensor-distributor;
14 – electromagnetic valve EPHH;
15 – EPHH system switch;
16 – EPHH control unit;
17 – generator;
18 – radio tape recorder;
19 – left turn signal repeater;
20 – sound signals;
21 – ignition switch;
22 – ignition system switch;
23 – ignition coil;
24 – radiator electric fan relay;
25 – voltage regulator;
26 – engine compartment lamp;
27 – plug socket;
28 – sound signal switch;
29 – sound signal relay;
30 – instrument cluster;
31 – warning lamp for emergency drop in brake fluid level;
32 – fuse box in the engine compartment;
33 – starter;
34 – glove box lighting;
35 – glove compartment lamp switch;
36 – antenna electric motor;
37 – speedometer;
38 – tachometer;
39 – indicator lamp for turning on the parking brake;
40 – control lamp for seat heating;
41 – left turn indicator lamp;
42 – right turn indicator lamp;
43 – instrument lighting lamps;
44 – generator malfunction indicator lamp;
45 – voltage indicator;
46 – side light indicator lamp;
47 – control lamp for high beam headlights;
48 – battery;
49 – starter relay;
50 – headlight relay;
51 – left fuse block;
52 – antenna switch;
53 – fog lamp relay;
54 – fog lamp switch;
55 – rear fog light switch;
56 – control lamp for the carburetor air damper;
57 – central light switch;
58 – right fuse block;
59 – warning lamp for emergency coolant temperature;
60 – coolant temperature indicator;
61 – fuel level indicator;
62 – indicator lamp for the minimum fuel reserve in the tank;
63 – control lamp backup;
64 – warning lamp for emergency oil pressure;
65 – oil pressure indicator;
66 – brake signal switch;
67 – speedometer sensor;
68 – reverse light switch;
69 – rear window heating relay;
70 – rear window heating switch;
71 – coolant temperature indicator sensor;
72 – windshield wiper motor;
73 – sensor of the emergency temperature warning lamp;
74 – carburetor air damper warning lamp sensor;
75 – sensor for emergency drop in brake fluid level;
76 – wiper switch;
77 – alarm switch;
78 – turn signal relay;
79 – heater fan electric motor;
80 – parking brake warning switch;
81 – heater fan switch;
82 – windshield wiper relay:
83 oil pressure indicator sensor;
84 – emergency oil pressure indicator sensor;
85 – fuel level indicator sensor;
86 – direction indicator switch;
87 – parking brake warning switch;
88 – additional resistor of the heater fan electric motor;
89 – cigarette lighter;
90 – electric windshield washer pump;
91 – electric heating jets for windshield washer;
92 – switch for checking the indicator lamps of the instrument cluster;
93 – door lamp switches;
94 – lampshade;
95 – seat heating elements;
96 – seat heating switches;
97 – seat heating relay;
98 – switch for heating the windshield washer jets;
99 – rear window heating element;
100 – trunk light;
101 – rear direction indicator lamps;
102 – right rear light;
103 – brake signal and tail light lamps;
104 – rear lights in the trunk lid;
105 – reversing lamps;
106 – rear fog light lamps;
107 – additional brake signal;
108 – registration number lights;
109 – left rear light; R1, R2, R3, and R4 are noise suppression resistors.
The location of the vehicle controls complies with UNECE safety standards and regulations. For ease of use, knobs, buttons and control devices located on the instrument panel are marked with symbolic functional signs.
Dashboard
1
– side air blowers for fresh air ventilation are designed to direct the flow of air from the heater or ventilation system (at the request of the driver or passenger). Air flows are regulated by turning the handle (right-left) or the grille itself (up-down);
2
– decorative speaker grille;
3
– storage shelf;
4
– the glove box is used to place small items. It opens when you press the lock handle to the right, and its lighting lamp turns on. When the drawer door is closed, the lamp goes out;
5
– the plug covers the reserve socket for the switch of any additional equipment installed upon request;
6
– switch for controlling the raising and lowering of the antenna (an electrically driven antenna, like the switch, is installed upon request). When you press the top edge of the key, the antenna extends; when you press the bottom edge, it retracts;
7
– rear fog lamp switch. The rear fog lights are switched on if the central switch is in position II and the low beam headlights or fog lights are switched on. When the rear fog lights are turned on, the backlight of the switch key turns on;
8
– heater control panel;
9
– the ashtray opens by pulling its handle towards you and is completely removed when you press the plate to extinguish cigarettes. Under the ashtray lid there is a cigarette lighter, which is turned on by pressing its handle all the way. The cigarette lighter coil heats up after 10–20 seconds and the cigarette lighter clicks back to its original position. You can turn on the cigarette lighter again no earlier than after 20 seconds. The cigarette lighter socket contains a backlight lamp that lights up when the outdoor lighting is turned on;
10
– gear shift lever. The gear shift diagram is printed on the lever handle. When reverse gear is engaged, the reversing lamps in the rear lights are automatically turned on;
11
– the hazard warning switch turns on all direction indicators in flashing mode when the button is pressed. At the same time, the lamp in the switch button lights up red and flashes. Pressing the button again turns off the alarm;
12
- steering wheel;
13
– ignition switch (lock). The switch has a built-in anti-theft device. The switch has the following key positions: 0 – all consumers are turned off, the key cannot be removed, the anti-theft device is turned off; I – the ignition and instruments are turned on, the key cannot be removed, the anti-theft device is turned off; II – the ignition and starter are turned on, the key is turned all the way against the force of the spring and cannot be removed, the anti-theft device is turned off. This key position is not fixed; when released, the key returns to position I under the action of a spring. The key can be turned back to position II only after first returning the key to position 0; III – ignition is turned off, exterior lighting, instrument lighting, high beam headlight alarm, radio equipment are on. The key is removed, and when the key is removed, the anti-theft device is turned on. To turn off the anti-theft device, you need to insert the key into the switch and, turning the steering wheel slightly to the right or left, turn the key to position 0;
14
– accelerator pedal;
15
– the carburetor air damper drive handle (installed on cars with a ZMZ-402 or ZMZ-4021 engine) is pulled towards you to close the air damper before starting the engine;
16
– brake pedal;
17
– socket for connecting a portable lamp;
18
– clutch pedal;
19
– hood lock drive handle. When the handle is pulled toward you, the hood lock is unlocked;
20
– control handle for headlight range control. The corrector is used to eliminate the influence of the load in the car on the direction of the headlight beam. The handle has four positions: I – driver only or driver and front passenger; II – driver and four passengers; III – driver, four passengers and 50 kg cargo in the luggage compartment; IV – driver and 50 kg cargo in the luggage compartment;
21
– the sound signal switch, when you press its button, turns on the sound signal;
22
– lever for switching direction indicators and headlights. The lever has the following positions: I – all consumers are turned off (fixed position); II – left turn indicators are on (non-fixed position); III – left turn indicators are on (fixed position); IV – right turn indicators are on (non-fixed position); V – right direction indicators are on (fixed position). When the lever is in positions II–V, the indicator lamps in the instrument cluster light up flashing accordingly 49
or 53
. When the steering wheel returns to the straight driving position, the switch lever is automatically set to position I; VI – (to yourself) the high beam headlights are turned on when the handle is in position I 25
central switch (non-fixed position). If the pen 25
the central switch is in position II, then each time you press the lever, the low beam switches to high beam and vice versa;
23
– instrument cluster;
24
– windshield wiper and washer switch lever. The windshield wiper and washer operate only when the ignition is on. The switch lever has four fixed and one non-fixed positions. When moving the lever in a plane parallel to the steering wheel: I – (fixed position) the windshield wiper and washer are turned off; II – (fixed position) the windshield wiper operates at low speed; II – (fixed position) the windshield wiper operates at high speed; IV – (fixed position) intermittent operation of the windshield wiper. When moving the lever along the steering column towards the steering wheel to position V (non-fixed position) from any other position, the washer is turned on. When the washer is turned on from position I, the wiper blades perform one full stroke;
25
– the handle of the central light switch has five fixed positions – three when moving the handle in the axial direction and two when rotating it around its axis: I – all consumers are turned off; II – side lights, instrument cluster and license plate lights are on; III – the same consumers are turned on as in position II, and low or high beam headlights; IV – the interior lamp is on; V – instrument lighting is turned on in maximum intensity mode;
26
– heater fan switch. The switch key has three fixed positions: top – the fan is off, middle – low fan speed is on, bottom – maximum fan speed is on;
27
– rear window electric heating mode switch. The electric heating can only be switched on when the ignition is on. The switch key has three fixed positions: top – heating is off; medium – moderate heating (dim key backlight); bottom – intense heating (bright key illumination);
28
– central blower. The purpose and operating principle are the same as for side blowers 1
;
29
– fog light switch. When you press the switch key, if the handle 25
the central switch is in position II, the fog lights turn on. At the same time, the key backlight lights up;
30
– radio tape recorder;
31
– windshield blower nozzle;
32
– fuse box cover. Under the cover there are fuse blocks for electrical circuits. To access them, you need to move the nameplate with the inscription “Volga” to the right and, picking up (for example, with a screwdriver) the edge of the cover through the opened hole, remove it from the socket, overcoming the force of the spring holders;
Dashboard(continuation)
33
– the fuel level indicator, based on the electromagnetic operating principle, only works when the ignition is on. When the ignition is turned off, the needle is located at the beginning of the scale. The scale has divisions: 0 – empty tank, 1/2 – half tank, 1 – full tank;
34
– the indicator lamp for the minimum fuel reserve in the tank (with an orange filter) is constantly on when the remaining fuel in the tank is less than 8 liters;
35
– the emergency oil pressure drop warning lamp (with a red filter) lights up when the ignition is turned on and warns that the pressure in the engine lubrication system is below normal. The lamp may come on at idle and during heavy braking. As the crankshaft speed increases, the lamp should go out. Driving a car with a burning lamp is prohibited;
36
– control lamp for turning on seat heating (functions only if there is heating installed upon request);
37
– the coolant temperature indicator, based on the electrothermal operating principle, operates only when the ignition is on and shows the temperature of the coolant in the engine cooling system. When the ignition is turned off, the needle is located at the beginning of the scale. The scale has divisions from 40 to 120 °C, the division value is 20 °C. The presence of the pointer arrow in the red zone of the scale indicates overheating of the coolant;
38
– the indicator lamp for turning on the side lights (with a green filter) indicates that the side lights in the headlights and rear lights are on;
39
– the warning lamp for turning on the trailer direction indicators (with a green filter) turns on when the lever is located 22
turn signal and headlight switches in positions II–V when the trailer lighting and alarm system is connected (if equipped);
40
– the indicator lamp for turning on the main beam of the headlights (with a blue filter) indicates that the main beam of the headlights is on;
41
– the daily mileage counter indicates the distance traveled in kilometers (the rightmost digit of the counter, which has a different color from the rest, shows the mileage in hundreds of meters). It is set to zero when the vehicle is stationary by pressing the meter reset button 42;
42
– reset button for the daily mileage counter;
43
– an induction speedometer shows how fast the car is currently moving. The scale has divisions from 0 to 200 km/h, the division value is 10 km/h. The speedometer is driven electrically by a sensor mounted on the gearbox housing;
44
– an electronic tachometer shows the engine speed. The scale has divisions from 0 to 8, the division value is 0.5. To find out the crankshaft rotation speed in min –1, you need to multiply the tachometer readings by 1000;
45
– the battery discharge warning lamp (with a red filter) lights up when the ignition is turned on. Immediately after starting the engine, the lamp should go out. Illumination of the lamp while the engine is running indicates a lack of charging current caused by a malfunction of the generator or voltage regulator. Driving the car with the lamp on will completely discharge the battery;
46
– a voltmeter monitors the voltage in the vehicle’s on-board network. The scale has divisions from 8 to 16 V. In the range of 8–12 V, the division price is 2 V, in the range of 12–16 V – 1 V. The presence of the voltmeter needle in the red zone of the scale indicates an unacceptably low voltage in the vehicle’s on-board network;
47
– the engine control system warning lamp (with an orange filter) operates on vehicles with a ZMZ-4062 engine. If the control system is working properly, it lights up for 5–10 seconds after turning on the ignition and then goes out, indicating that the engine is ready to start. The lamp burning in various modes while the car is moving indicates a failure of any elements of the engine control system;
48
– the “STOP” signal lamp (with a red filter) lights up when the ignition is turned on simultaneously with any of the signal lamps 35
,
50
, 52
or 55
. If these warning lights come on while driving, further operation of the vehicle until the malfunction is eliminated is prohibited;
49
– the indicator lamp for turning on the left turn signal (with a green filter in the form of an arrow) lights up with a flashing light when the left turn signal is turned on synchronously with it. Flashing of the warning lamp at double frequency indicates a burnt-out lamp in any direction indicator;
50
– the warning lamp for an emergency drop in the brake fluid level (with a red filter) lights up when the brake fluid level drops below the “min” mark on the reservoir of the brake master cylinder;
51
– the total mileage counter shows the distance traveled in kilometers; The rightmost digit of the counter, which has a different color from the others, shows the mileage in hundreds of meters. After a run of 100,000 km, a new countdown cycle begins;
52
– the parking brake warning lamp (with a red filter) lights up with a flashing light when the ignition is on, if the car is braked by the parking brake;
53
– control lamp for turning on the right turn signal (see subsection 3.1.6.4);
54
– the control lamp for closing the carburetor air damper (with an orange filter) functions only on cars with ZMZ-402 and ZMZ-4021 engines and lights up when the handle is pulled towards you 15
the air damper drive, indicating that the carburetor air damper remained closed after starting the engine;
55
– the engine coolant overheating warning light (with a red filter) lights up at a coolant temperature of 102–109 °C. When the lamp is on, it is necessary to stop the engine and eliminate the cause of overheating;
56
– the oil pressure indicator shows the pressure in the engine lubrication system. The index scale has divisions from 0 to 6 kgf/cm 2.
Location of the switch block on the body floor tunnel console
1
– switch for monitoring the health of the signal and indicator lamps of the instrument cluster. When you press any edge of the switch key, the control and warning lamps should light up 48
(see fig. Instrument panel), 50
, 55
and backup alarms for seat belts not fastened and overheating of the exhaust gas catalyst;
2
– switch for heating the windshield washer jets (if there is a heating system). When you press a key, its backlight turns on;
3
, 4
, 5
, 6
– plugs for reserve sockets for installing switches for additional equipment.
From 1996 to 2005, the Gorky Automobile Plant produced GAZ-3110 Volga cars. Their production has already ceased, but today there are many such cars on the road, and it is important for their owners to know about the repair and operation of the GAZ-3110. If malfunctions appear, then there is always the option of contacting a car service, but the warranty on these cars has long expired, and any repairs will be expensive. Therefore, many car owners prefer to repair the GAZ-3110 with their own hands.
Car operation
In order to reduce the risk of breakdowns, it is important to operate the car correctly. Warming up the engine before driving plays an important role, and in the first minutes of driving, it is undesirable to overspeed and shift to higher gears. It is necessary to allow time for the oil to heat up, thereby ensuring sufficient lubrication without overloading the components and assemblies. This is especially important in winter.
During the trip, you need to monitor instrument readings and the general condition of the car. If unusual sounds appear, then you need to try to find out their cause and troubleshoot. You should not allow the engine to operate at maximum speed for a long time, and monitor the speed limit, especially if the roads have poor surface conditions - the suspension will wear out so quickly. You need to try to predict the situation on the road so that the movement is smooth, without sudden acceleration and braking.
Timely lubrication of parts will reduce the load on vehicle components, that is, extend the service life. We must not forget about timely and complete maintenance. First of all, this is changing the oil, coolant and brake fluids.
If the maintenance period is exceeded, the unit must operate on contaminated liquids, thereby reducing their service life. It is also important to change the brake pads on time without excessive wear. For a detailed overview of the list and timing of routine maintenance, please refer to the instructions.
General repair information
Today, repair work on the GAZ-3110 is very often carried out independently, this saves the budget, and finding the necessary information will not be difficult.
But before you start repairing yourself, it is important to properly diagnose it, and do it as quickly as possible, at the first malfunction of the car. For example, repairing the front suspension of a GAZ-3110 will cost much less when the fault is detected in the early stages, and not when the unit is completely out of order. Thus, you should not ignore the “first signs” of malfunctions.
By the way, drivers usually carry out repairs to the GAZ-3110 suspension themselves, since assembling and disassembling this unit is not difficult. The main thing is to immediately replace all worn-out elements with new ones, since repairs and welding are not possible here.
The same goes for the stove. As a rule, it starts to work incorrectly due to a leaking radiator. It is advisable to replace it immediately.
Of course, it is not always possible to repair a GAZ-3110 yourself. For example, a generator or battery must be repaired by specialists, since it is impossible to do without professional tools, special devices, and test benches.
Engine repair
Often problems with a car are related to the engine. GAZ-3110 "Volga" was produced with carburetor (ZMZ-402) and injection (ZMZ-406) engines.
Repairs of GAZ-3110 engines are carried out practically according to the same scheme, because the engines are similar, so let’s look at the example of the ZMZ-406.
Engine repair is a responsible and serious operation that requires a qualified approach. But if you have a strong desire and relevant knowledge, this activity can be completed independently.
Repair of the GAZ-3110 406 engine begins with the preparation of tools and a platform for laying out the elements. The platform is needed to arrange all the parts in order, because this is much more convenient and faster to put the motor back together.
For convenience, you first need to remove the hood and wiper panel, and also protect the front fenders from damage by covering them with suitable material. The disassembly itself can be done in any order. For example, you can first remove all the attached parts, then remove everything that remains with maximum ease.
After this, you need to inspect the space under the hood and wash it thoroughly with a wire brush and kerosene or gasoline.
The crankshaft and block need to be measured; perhaps a boring is needed here. It is advisable to do this in a specialized workshop. A specialized check will not harm both the flywheel and the clutch basket. Specialists will check the flywheel for runout and, if necessary, trim it, balancing it with the crankshaft and basket. For gas, these are very useful and necessary measures.
Also an important event will be the purchase of connecting rods, rings and pistons by size. After boring, the parts need to be washed and blown. Using a 14 hexagon, unscrew the plugs of the dirt traps, clean everything thoroughly and return them back.
The cylinder head must be checked for fit to the block, the guides and valves must be checked, and the oil seals must be replaced. In order not to have to grind in all 16 existing valves, you can take the head to a specialized workshop.
When all the above activities are completed, the engine can be assembled.
Suspension repair
When repairing the GAZ-3110 Volga, various problems are possible with other units and components. As a rule, when repairing a transmission and suspension, all failed parts are replaced, first cleaning the contacts. Let's take a closer look at the possible breakdowns and repairs of the GAZ-3110 front suspension.
The front suspension is a rather complex design. If there is a knocking or extraneous noise, then you need to carry out diagnostics to prevent unexpected breakdowns.
Problems may be the following:
1. The appearance of noise and knocking at the bottom of the GAZ-3110 car. Repairs will vary depending on the cause:
- The shock absorber is broken - it needs to be replaced.
- Those used in the connections of some elements are worn out - they need to be replaced.
- The hinges of the levers are worn out and will also need to be replaced.
- The ball joint is worn out - you will have to replace the struts along with the hinges.
- The appearance of a gap in the wheel bearings - you need to adjust the gap, replace the bearings.
- The spring arc is broken - replace the old spring with a new one.
2. The appearance of a squeak at the bottom of the car is a problem with the development of the lever joints; the joints will need to be replaced.
3. The angle of the front wheel has ceased to be adjusted:
- Deformation of the cross member from a strong impact - the part can be replaced.
- The hinge is worn out and needs to be replaced.
- Damage to the side member, suspension arm or steering knuckle - repair. or replace damaged items.
4. The car pulls to the side while driving:
- The difference in pressure in the wheels - you need to measure the pressure and set the same.
- The angle of the wheels is out of alignment - you need to properly adjust it.
- Deformation or damage to the lever and steering knuckle - repair or replace faulty parts.
- Different spring stiffnesses - replace the springs with equivalent ones.
These are the main problems with the front suspension and its repair on the GAZ-3110.
Power steering repair
As mentioned above, some work can be easily done independently. Such work includes the repair of power steering GAZ-3110. Basically, all problems with power steering and its incorrect operation are associated with a faulty power steering belt. In this case, it will have to be replaced.
This is a very important detail, albeit small in size. It is recommended to change it every 50 thousand km. But here a lot will depend on the operating conditions of the car. Replacing this part will not be difficult; the main thing is to tension it correctly when installing the belt.
In order to repair the power steering in a timely manner, you can rely on the mileage recommendations, and also sometimes inspect the unit for defects.
Possible steering malfunctions and their elimination
1. A shift in the steering shaft is felt on the steering wheel. The causes of the malfunction may be the following:
- The steering shaft bearings are worn out - they need to be replaced,
- The tightening of the steering column mounting bolts is loose - tighten the bolts.
2. Increased free play of the steering wheel. This happens due to:
- incorrect adjustment of the lateral clearance of the steering mechanism - adjustment of the lateral clearance of the mechanism,
- maladjustment of ball joints - adjustment of ball joints,
- wear of the bipod shaft bushings - replacement of the mechanism housing or bushings,
- loosening the nuts securing the bipod or steering wheel - tighten the nuts.
3. The steering mechanism is stuck. Causes:
- in incorrect adjustment of the side clearance of the mechanism - adjustment of the side clearance,
- the roller or worm is worn out - replace the worn parts.
4. Oil is leaking from the mechanism crankcase. Causes:
- the working edge of the oil seals is worn out or damaged - replacement of defective oil seals,
- increasing the oil level - restoring the required oil level,
- The gaskets are damaged or the bolts securing the crankcase covers are loose; the gasket needs to be replaced or the bolts must be tightened.
5. The appearance of extraneous sounds in the steering mechanism. Causes:
- there is no oil in the crankcase - eliminate the cause of oil leakage and fill in new one,
- the working surfaces of the roller and worm are destroyed - replacement of defective parts.
6. The tires of the front wheels are worn out (spots have appeared):
- the fastenings of the steering parts are loose - check and tighten the parts,
- tire pressure has dropped - set normal pressure,
- The steering mechanism needs to be adjusted.
7. The appearance of vibration and shocks felt on the steering wheel:
- the steering mechanism needs to be adjusted,
- the nuts securing the forks in the cardan joint have loosened - you need to tighten the fastening nuts,
- the appearance of play in the ball joints of the steering linkage - adjustment and replacement of ball joints,
- the appearance of play in the lever pin in the bracket - replacement of worn bushings,
- The fastenings of the steering mechanism parts are loose - check and tighten the loose fastenings.
Steering mechanism repair
The repair of the GAZ-3110 steering wheel itself consists of disassembling the mechanism, checking the technical condition of the parts and reassembling it.
Disassembly
Disassembly includes the following steps:
- removing the steering mechanism from the car and clamping it in a soft vice,
- removing the clamps and rings securing the steering rack covers,
- removing the protective covers themselves,
- removing the inner ends with ball rods of the outer ends,
- removing the rack stop locknut using a spanner wrench,
- removing the stop nut and spring,
- using special pliers, remove the stop from the crankcase (before this you need to move the stop by turning the gear clockwise),
- removing the protective cap from the gear,
- unscrew the nut and remove the gear together with the ball bearing from the housing,
- removing the thrust ring and pressing the ball bearing with the gear shaft,
- removing the steering rack,
- removing the thrust ring of the bushing and removing the rack bushing with the ring.
After the mechanism is disassembled, you need to check the technical condition of the parts:
- wash all parts (metal) and cavities of the mechanism housing with kerosene, rinse all rubber parts with warm water and wipe with a rag,
- carefully inspect all working surfaces of the gear and rack for wear and damage (burrs, risks); minor damage can be dealt with yourself by using fine-grained sandpaper or a velvet file; severely damaged and worn parts will have to be replaced,
- the ball bearing must be checked for jamming, rotation must be free, and all rings, balls, cages and rollers must be checked - there should be no signs of wear or jamming; if in doubt, it is better to replace the bearings,
- you need to check the protective covers of the rack, the outer tips, the cap, the gear cuff and the rack bushing; if there are cracks, tears or loose parts, they need to be replaced with new ones,
- Check the ball joint clearances for play, dirt, corrosion and replace them.
After checking, we put the mechanism back together. Assembly occurs in the reverse order, having previously lubricated the parts with a special lubricant. You can consider the assembly process in more detail in the GAZ-3110 repair manual.
Ignition system repair
Very often, problems are associated with oxidation of contacts in the system. As a result, the network breaks and the engine malfunctions.
To check the ignition system, you need to disconnect one high voltage wire from the spark plug and bring it closer to ground (any place on the block or body protected from paint) by 6-8 mm.
In order not to expose yourself to danger, the wire can be secured using dry materials at hand (for example, wood). When cranking the engine with the starter, a spark should appear; if there is none, then the malfunction is related to the low or high voltage circuits. Special devices will help you find the fault: a voltmeter, an ohmmeter, a special strobe light. If they are not there, then check the low voltage circuit using a car light bulb. It is important to remember that the electrical circuit after the ignition switch is checked when the ignition is turned on. You need to start from the battery and work your way through the entire low voltage circuit. At the point where there is no voltage, you need to clean the ends of the wires and the connection surface. If the situation has not been corrected, then the wire or device installed in front of the point is faulty.
The high voltage circuit must be cleaned of dirt and all wires wiped. Check all wires for tight contact with the spark plugs and coil sockets. The central wire needs to be checked for a spark; if there is none, it means there is a fault in the ignition coil and will have to be replaced. If a spark appears after the coil, you need to check the central electrode, slider and contacts.
Problems in the power system
If the fuel supply is poor, first of all you need to check the gas line for the formation of a vapor lock (it often occurs in hot weather and blocks the access of fuel). This problem can be easily solved - you can cool the gas line with a wet rag or just wait until the engine cools down. In winter, the problem may be due to freezing of water that gets into the fuel; you can heat the gas line using hot water.
If the buzzing of the fuel pump is no longer heard, then the fuse may have burned out (replacement will be required) or the fuel pump itself may have failed. It can be sorted out or replaced.
To check the operation of the fuel pump, you need to disconnect the fuel hose from the carburetor and lower it into a clean container. When the starter turns on, gasoline should flow out of the hose. If this does not happen, the diaphragm or pump valves may be damaged.
Thus, repairing a GAZ-3110 is also possible in “garage conditions” with the appropriate skills and tools.
