The miniature tractor has already been appreciated by many farmers. But supplementing it with factory trailers is a very expensive pleasure for many. The solution is to independently manufacture a device for transporting goods.
Tools and materials
In order to choose the right materials and tools for the job, you must first determine how large the load on the trailer will be. Periodically bringing in a few bags of fertilizer or crops is one thing, but delivering a large amount of manure or equipping a trailer with a dump body is a completely different matter. Steel pipes are usually used to make the frame. The tubular structures will need to be connected using a welding machine.
Additionally, an axle is used on which the wheels removed from the walk-behind tractor are selected.
As practice shows, other wheels on trailers for mini-tractors do not work well. Two-axle trailers are more difficult to manufacture. This design will require more welding work, so you will have to prepare more electrodes of various sizes. For bodies, it is recommended to use metal rather than plastic.
Metal products are especially good if you plan to drive on forest roads, off-road, and along the banks of rivers or lakes. The wooden bodies of mini-tractors will definitely disappoint any hunter and fisherman. Even special coatings will not particularly increase their resistance to bad weather. The best options are definitely aluminum and thin steel sheets. Important: it is recommended to paint the metal with corrosion-resistant paint.
How to do it yourself?
A high-quality homemade trailer for a mini-tractor should:
- be durable;
- have a relatively small mass;
- match the load-carrying capacity of the tractor's traction force;
- have high ground clearance;
- be equipped with wide wheel axles.
If the axles are not wide enough, it will be almost impossible to drive on a bad road. Experts advise starting the manufacture of a trailer by welding the frame parts. It will become a supporting frame. Both round and rectangular pipes are used for work. Their minimum diameter is 400 mm.
Important: joints are made only by welding, other types of connections are not allowed.
After this, the wheelbase is created. The axis is most often a steel rod, the diameter of which is at least 350 mm.
The rod must be attached to the frame using:
- side spars;
- longitudinal hinges;
- corner type supports.
This solution allows for increased load capacity. It becomes possible to move not only the harvested crop, seed, but also the following types of cargo:
- fertilizers;
- heavy waste;
- priming;
- building materials.
The bodies are usually made from boards. Their height is selected individually. It is best if the width of the boards is proportional to the height, then there is no need to divide them into parts. The wood is pre-dried. It is recommended to attach boards with steel corners, because such a connection is the most durable and stable. The wheels should be positioned strictly in the middle. This is extremely important for driving safety. It is imperative to take care of a reliable connection with the mini-tractor itself. Experts note that the best option is an articulated drawbar inserted into a special tubular body.
A safety unit is mounted on top; if it is not there, then the connection may collapse from any shock.
But protection is not as simple as it seems. It is the connection between the tractor and the trailer that is subject to very strong vibrations. And the friction force in this place is enormous. Therefore, you should not rush - both during design and assembly. When connecting parts together, you need to act as carefully as possible.
Experts even advise working together. What one person does not notice, a partner will almost certainly discover. After finishing the work, it is necessary to check its quality. Be sure to double-check how reliable all the nodes are, how tightly they are connected by hinges. The bolt ties should also be checked. The assembled trailer is first run in without load, lapping the parts. As you can see, there is nothing complicated in this scheme. However, we must remember that structural elements are made only from new metal.
If they use old parts, then only after making sure that they are free of rust and other defects.
It is advisable to treat all exposed surfaces with oil paint. This is a completely affordable and, moreover, very effective protective agent. But the simplest trailers for mini-tractors do not always solve the problem. Often you have to make a dump unit. It differs from a conventional trailer in the presence of a mechanism that raises the body as needed. Such trailers have proven themselves well when moving bulk cargo, firewood, and so on. The best lifting mechanism is driven by a hydraulic cylinder.
When studying ready-made drawings and dimensions or designing a trailer yourself, you need to take into account the required load capacity. The number of axes directly depends on it. Single-axle carts always have a chassis without springs. Delivered cargo can be unloaded either strictly backwards, or also to the left and right. It depends on what goals the farmer sets and how it is more convenient to work.
The two-axle type of trailer is superior to the single-axle type both in its ability to maneuver and to overcome off-road conditions.
Such carts move confidently on any road. If you plan to transport a large amount of cargo or move it constantly, it is advisable to give preference to three-axle versions. It’s impossible to make such a trailer cheaply, but its increased service life will justify all the investments. The main thing is that the tractor has enough power to pull such a trailer with a load.
Not all farmers and other owners need dump trailers. They will be in demand mainly when transporting the following cargo:
- sand;
- metal scrap;
- soil;
- harvested firewood;
- clay;
- cement;
- root vegetables and other vegetables;
- grain crops;
- seed material;
- other bulky and impact-resistant cargo.
The so-called on-board models are equipped with folding sides. Such carts are good when you need to transport bricks and tiles, and other products that require careful handling. Barrel carts are needed for transporting not only barrels, but also boxes, containers, bags, and other containers. It is recommended to design the trailer for a load capacity of 500-2000 kg. If it is smaller, then the device may be impractical; if it is larger, the mini-tractor may not “pull” the cart.
When designing and assembling a trailer, the following design features are also taken into account:
- type of brakes (pneumatic is best);
- critical angles of inclination;
- clearance.
The simplest scheme is a single-axle trolley, equipped with a pair of wheels, but without turning mechanisms. It is with such a device that inexperienced home craftsmen can get their hands on it. But all the same, however, drawings are needed. They show the dimensions of all parts, the size of sections, and so on. It is advisable to use tires with rough treads.
When you already have experience, you can take on a two-axle dump truck structure.
Such a trolley can be easily attached to powerful tractor units. The product must be 3 m long and 2 m wide. The front beam is removed from the Moskvich car, and the rods are taken from old motorcycle strollers. The drawbar can be converted from a cardan; In addition, a device is prepared to dampen vibrations and jerks when driving on the suspended beam.
The self-tipping (lever) device of a dump trailer is made by welding fastening loops. These hinges will help hold the body on the axle. Lifting will be done with an ordinary handle. But it must be equipped with a stopper to prevent spontaneous operation. There is also a lifting option, but it requires the use of an oil pump or a hydraulic jack.
Safety precautions
Regardless of the design features, a mini-tractor trailer requires careful handling. First of all, you must not use the trolley with an overload, or carry easily shifting loads on it in an unsecured position. Before each trip and upon return, you need to check the serviceability of the trailer itself and its hitch. If you discover a malfunction, you should fix it immediately, and only then use the trailed cart again. Be sure to remove all roughness and metal burrs.
Sharp and cutting edges are ground or otherwise removed.
It is strictly forbidden to ride in a trailer and carry pets in it. When stopping the vehicle, even for the shortest time, you should put the handbrake on. Limits on the steepness of the climb must be strictly observed. When working on a slope, drive at a minimum speed.
The cart frame is best made from 50x25x4 mm pipes, which will include a direct welded riser, front and rear side members. A 40x40x4 mm corner can act as a reinforcing cross member, and a 58x4 mm pipe can act as a longitudinal hinge. It is best to do everything by welding, as this will ensure the strength and integrity of the structure, eliminating the possibility of elements loosening (when using bolted fastening). Next, you should weld the seat posts from 40x40x4 mm corners, to which the wooden frame of the immediate body will be attached.
Selecting suitable wheels and mounting them
Conclusion
Summarizing the above, we can say that a do-it-yourself mini tractor trolley can be made by every owner, which will only require careful manufacturing of the component elements, as well as a responsible approach. Fortunately, everything necessary for making such a design can be obtained, and therefore a good owner will certainly be able to design such a cart for his mini tractor.
A clear example of the design of a cart for a mini tractor:
For most agricultural machinery, a variety of equipment is offered, which in one way or another simplifies work and increases the functionality of tractors. For mini tractors, purchasing a special trailer will be very useful and probably even mandatory. The properties of the trailer must fully match the tractor model used, otherwise their interaction and efficiency will be complicated.
Fortunately, today there are many trailers available for certain models of equipment, so choosing the right product will not be difficult. But for certain reasons, some tractor owners are trying to make a tractor trailer with their own hands, which today is more than a simple and affordable task.
Trailer installation for tractor
Before you start creating your own trailer, it is important to know its structure and design features. Consists of the following parts:
- flatbed body;
- several wheels and chassis;
- base - metal frame;
- mechanism for lifting the body;
- trailed for connection to a tractor.
Also, depending on the scope of use and required characteristics, there are two types of trailers:
- With one axis - the simplest and most popular model, especially relevant for transporting bulk or other materials;
- With two axles - they have a powerful design and therefore allow you to transport heavy loads and materials.
Tractor functions
Any tractor must be able to perform several functional duties, because its work is aimed at farms and household plots. If you use attachments, the tractor is capable of:
- collect snow in winter;
- harvest in gardens, fields, farm plots;
- transport various cargoes;
- plow and cultivate the land.
And without a trailer, it can be impossible to complete such tasks, which means everyone who buys a tractor must take care of such equipment as a trailer. Using a dump trailer, you can easily perform tasks such as harvesting and unloading crops, transporting seedlings, transporting crops, building materials and much more.
How to make a trailer for a tractor
- Creating a drawing of the future, which is created based on indicators such as future application, load capacity, dimensions of each part, etc.;
- Procurement of necessary materials - channels, steel sheets, pipes, wheels, plywood boards, running block. Try to choose good quality metal materials.
- A frame is made, in which it is necessary to make a front yoke, attach fastenings for the central axis by welding and create a strong rear beam.
- With the help of hinges and side members (side members), the base of the wheels is created. In this case, the axle is fixed to the frame.
- Creation of the body. The main material will be sheet steel, which is selected of sufficient thickness and quality.
- Making trailer equipment, during the work you need to create a balance between attaching the drawbar and the trailer frame.
- Creation and installation of a tipping mechanism. It is extremely difficult to create it yourself, so you take a ready-made hydraulic cylinder and attach it to the body. Its task is to tip the body over and dump the cargo. If desired, you can do without such a mechanism.
- Running in the trailer is carried out by moving for a short time without loading the trailer.
An important step is the installation of wheels; an excellent advantage is that you can install wheels and even springs from various cars on a homemade trailer. But keep in mind that you need to install the wheels in the center of the trailer for an even load.
Video
Self-production of tractor trailers type 2 PTS-4 will not only allow you to save on the purchase of an expensive new unit, but will also give the start to a unique and profitable business!
It is impossible to imagine difficult agricultural everyday life without the use of dump trailers. You cannot do without them both during sowing and harvesting. But what if the prices for new trailers are quite high? The solution is simple - you need to build the trailer yourself!
Today we will look at all the nuances of manufacturing a type 2 PTS-4 dump trailer. After spending just a couple of days, you will become the owner of a high-quality multifunctional unit that will significantly simplify field and garden work. We will also analyze how profitable the production of tractor trailers is as a business.
DIY tractor trailer
To make a tractor trailer with your own hands, we offer you a free download of the assembly in a 3D model with all the details of all components and dimensions. Using a 3D model, you can quickly and easily assemble a complete structure using a sample. This 3D model can be disassembled down to the bolt.
- Drawbar.
- Trolley frame.
- Spring suspension.
- Axle with wheels and brakes.
- Turning circle.
- Body frame.
- Rear beam.
- Hydraulic cylinder.
- Flatbed body.
- Body platform.
The preliminary drawing shows only the main components, which can be disassembled into the smallest details in the SolidWorks program. Using this 3D model you don't need drawings. Everything is visible at a glance, and the dimensions are displayed in the properties of the parts.
Chassis
First let's look at the wheel system. The chassis must be reliable and strong so that the platform installed on top can easily withstand any loads when transporting goods and unloading them.
Which tires should you choose? Experts advise taking a 9.0-16.0 model Ya-324A or NkF-8. We install disc wheels (brand 152F-406). Take care of a high-quality and reliable brake system, because often pneumatic single-line shoe brakes are installed on the front axle of tractor trailers 2 PTS-4. You can purchase all the necessary components at any local car market, as well as on various specialized Internet sites. When selecting, you can pay attention to used parts. This will significantly reduce your spending budget. The main thing is that they are fully operational and functional.
The chassis frame is welded from strong metal profiles.
The platform is lifted using a telescopic hydraulic cylinder attached to the middle of the frame. The rear suspension, mounted on semi-elliptic leaf springs, has an axle with wheels, as well as a special bracket for pulling out the trailer in an emergency and protective mud flaps.
The front suspension includes both a wheel axle and a swing bogie (see picture) to give your trailer maneuverability. The electrical and parking systems, as well as pneumatic and hydraulic systems, are mounted at the front. A fuse rack must be placed on the left side.
Platform and extensions
What does the body (platform) of trailer 2 PTS-4 consist of? If schematically, then from a rectangular base, sides, racks and special locks. At the bottom of the platform there are four support brackets, thanks to which it can be clearly secured to the towed frame. The front, rear and side parts of the platform are made of reliable profiled metal.
The design of the platform provides for the possibility of hinged fastening of extension sides, which allows increasing the volume of transported cargo to almost 12 cubic meters. Thanks to this, the process of transporting the harvested crop can be accelerated almost twice!
Tractor trailer 2 pts 4
The carrying capacity of the self-produced trailer 2 PTS-4 is 4 tons. The platform design of tractor trailers of this type is designed taking into account the transportation and unloading of bulk cargo. At the same time, it is permissible to load other types of cargo, which primarily include piece goods. The main thing is to ensure that the transported units are securely secured so that during transportation they do not fall out or tip over the trailer.
During manufacturing, you must adhere to the factory overall dimensions of the trailer. They look like this:
- Length – 5 m 83 cm.
- Width – 2 m 39 cm.
- Height – 1 m 94 cm.
- Height including two-tier sides – 2 m 47 cm.
For ease of operation, a trailer should be made with the ability to attach two-tier sides. This will cost several thousand rubles more, but at the same time you will be able to transport a much larger volume of agricultural cargo at a time.
To summarize, we note that the standard tractor dump trailer type 2 PTS-4 has three components:
- Chassis.
- Platform.
- Extension sides.
You already know what their installation diagrams look like and what spare parts you should purchase.
Cost-effective production of trailers 2 PTS-4 with your own hands
Having carefully assembled all the parts, you will receive a functional trailer for your own use, which will cost almost two or even three times less than its factory counterpart. Having initially given preference to domestic components, you can easily carry out routine maintenance and replacement of parts in the future without significant costs.
Having perfectly mastered the production of tractor dump trailers type 2 PTS-4, you will be able to organize your own business in the production and sale of these irreplaceable agricultural units. According to experts, the profitability of such a business is estimated at a high 50%. Consequently, you will not only take on a unique and sought-after project, but also ensure yourself a good profit!
If a new trailer costs over $4,000, then your cost to manufacture such a unit at home will be no more than $1,800. Therefore, you can sell them with a good markup even without documents. Farmers welcome savings, so they will definitely prefer a high-quality, but cheaper trailer from your production to its expensive factory analogue.
The main thing is to ensure maximum reliability, safety, and functionality. It is also worth providing the buyer with warranty service for manufactured dump trailers. And then you won’t end up with clients!
Many owners of large fields and gardens buy tractors not only for cultivating the soil, but also for the ability to transport crops and equipment. For this purpose, a trailer is installed on the agricultural machine. One of the main advantages of this design is that you can assemble it yourself. Given the correct procedure, the manufacturer can obtain a reliable and durable cart of almost any shape and size.
First of all, before directly assembling the tractor trailer, the manufacturer will need to study detailed diagrams, which should indicate the dimensions of the parts used, as well as the order and method of their installation in the overall structure.
The drawings indicate thattractor cartmust consist of several parts.
Their list includes:
- frame – the main strength element;
- chassis, including wheelbase;
- body;
- lifting part;
- a drawbar with which the trailer will be attached to a utility tractor.
To assemble each of these elements, the manufacturer will need:
- a pair of sheets of steel;
- steel or metal channel;
- blanks made of thick plywood;
- metal pipes;
- chassis block;
- 1–2 pairs of identical wheels;
- electrical connection equipment;
- Bulgarian;
- fasteners.
If you have all the materials and equipment, you can assemble the following types of carts:
- single-axis - the simplest and most popular option.Single axle tractor trailercan be used to work with any type of agricultural machinery. It can be used to successfully transport bulk, liquid or semi-liquid materials;
- biaxial – they are distinguished by their high resistance to particularly large and heavy luggage.
For unloading tractor cartmust be equipped with a separate mechanism.
Depending on the principle of operation, carts are divided into the following types:
- tipping at random - they work on the principle of an ordinary dump truck, which is driven by a mechanical lever;
- forced lifting - in these structures, lifting the body requires the use of technically complex foreign components. Most often for thiscart on tractorequipped with an oil pump, engine or car lift.
The most convenient is considered to be a single-axle tractor cart, in which the components of the body are held on the central axis by means of hinges. To make unloading possible, the easiest way is to make a randomly tipping trailer. It will be activated by a lever, which must be equipped with a stopper to reduce the risk of the structure overturning.
– step-by-step assembly
To dump cartturned out to be balanced and quite durable, during its manufacture you need to follow the correct procedure.
The assembly algorithm should look like this:
- First of all, the manufacturer must make a reliable supporting frame. Its design should include a front traverse, a stable central axis with reinforcement in the form of a plate blade, as well as a powerful rear beam. To manufacture each of the frame elements, thick pipes are suitable, the cross-section of which must be at least 25 cm. Welding is used to fasten the pipes. To prevent the structure from swaying during movement in the future, it needs to be strengthened with spars made from channel bars and installed on the sides. In the place where the side members and rear beam are attached, you will need to install gussets - they will maketractor trailermore resistant to vibration when driving off-road;
- Then you need to start assembling the wheelbase. Its standard axle is best made in the form of a metal rod with a diameter of approximately 30–35 cm. After this, the axle will need to be attached to the supporting frame using longitudinal hinges, side metal spars or supports made from steel angles. Made this way homemade the cart will be able to successfully transport not only crops, but also various building materials;
- Next you need to move on to assembling the body. It can be made from thick boards or sheet steel. The second option will allow you to transport heavier loads. You need to attach the metal to an ordinary corner, which plays the role of a base. You will need to attach the sides of the cart using the same method. Thereby homemade the structure will not warp during sharp turns;
- At the next stage, you need to move on to the manufacture of the trailing mechanism. It is best to assemble a drawbar, which will fit into a special canvas during operation of the trailer. It is important that the supporting frame of the cart is in an ideal horizontal position. If it is broken, then the tractor cart mount will need to be adjusted. Otherwise, the structure will not be able to withstand the friction and intense vibration that the agricultural machine creates during movement;
- Then you need to assemble the trailer lifting mechanism. It must be based on a hydraulic cylinder capable of tilting the cart by 50⁰. To connect the lift to the frame, the manufacturer will need to assemble a strut that follows the shape of a truncated triangle. To make it, a channel is suitable, on top of which a stop should be attached - it can be made from a cut metal sheet. To operate the lifting mechanism, you will need to connect pipes to the hydraulic drive of the tractor. He will tell you more about making a homemade trailer. video .
The finished tractor cart will need to be coated with a layer of primer and several layers of paint applied. This will protect the metal parts of the structure from the formation of rust and rot.
To the cart was able to withstand intensive use and served its owner for as long as possible, you must follow the rules for its use.
To do this, the user needs:
- Try to avoid overloading the tractor trailer. If you carry more weight on a cart than it can support, then this threatens to upset the balance and loss of structural rigidity. Over time, the trailer will skew to one side and it will be impossible to transport cargo on it, especially bulk cargo;
- control the pressure in the hydraulic pipes - a sharp drop or surge in pressure in the system will lead to the inability of the trailer to rise for unloading. This can happen at any inopportune moment, so the user should check the air pressure in the tubes and their integrity before each time they leave the house.
To avoid most of these problems, you should try not to use a tractor trailer to transport large luggage over severe off-road conditions. This will reduce the risk of increased load on the supporting frame of the cart and prevent it from tilting away from the central axis.
