Since the car plant in Ulyanovsk started producing a recognizable modification, the UAZ Bukhanka technical characteristics have been changed and improved. Many years have passed since 1965, when the first copy rolled off the production line. However, the iconic model, marked “452”, still performs its tasks today, surprising the user with its reliability, cross-country ability, and unpretentiousness.
Visually, the car has not undergone any changes, but upon closer examination it becomes clear that the modifications are different. A universal vehicle with all-wheel drive, it is available in several versions, covering the maximum needs of the buyer. External shortcomings have not affected demand; people take the car for confident off-road driving. Design developments influenced the success of the “Loaf” and were taken as the basis for the production of current cars that have the ability to drive off-road.
Car UAZ-452 “Loaf”:
The appearance of the car
The prototype of the first “452”, called by the people “Loaf”, was the Soviet GAZ-69 car. When creating the UAZ in the fifties, the design solutions and developments of GAZ made it possible to design a suitable chassis with the ability to transport cargo. It was planned to install both an onboard body and a van made of metal on the platform.
Car GAZ-69:
In 1958, on the GAZ-69 running platform of an extended modification, a car with all-wheel drive, labeled UAZ-450, was released. The vehicle came in the following versions: a van, a truck with sides, and an ambulance. The power plant was installed in the vehicle under the driver's cabin, the engine was borrowed from GAZ. The engine with a lower valve arrangement, volume 2.4 cm3, produced 62 horsepower. The impulse is transmitted to the wheels using a three-stage gearbox and a two-stage transfer mechanism.
Subsequently, on the basis of the brand, the UAZ-451 model was released, which had a rear axle drive. The machine is equipped with a power plant with an overhead valve arrangement, produced by the Ulyanovsk plant. The impulse to the wheels was transmitted by a four-speed gearbox. From the outside, the cabin design acquired features that are still preserved today.
The modernization of the UAZ-450 led to the appearance of the “452” model in 1965, which people called “Loaf” for its characteristic resemblance to a bread product. UAZ 452 loaf technical characteristics, which led to popularity and recognition, are in demand by sections of society. The seventy-fourth year was marked by the release of the millionth UAZ-452 vehicle. The plant was awarded many times for its contribution to the development of the automotive industry and for successful modification. Later, the product was awarded the All-Union Quality Mark (1977).
Over the twenty years of production, no changes or modifications were made to the “452”. In 1985, it was decided to change the labeling of cars leaving the factory. The four hundred and fifty-second was marked as “3741”, the index is still used today. The “Loaf” in today’s version is equipped with a fuel atomizing engine that meets the Euro-4 standard, a mechanism that prevents wheel locking, and a hydraulic power steering.
Description of the car
The characteristics of the UAZ-452, laid down by the designers when calculating the car, make it possible to operate the product on surfaces with all possible types of coating. Cross-country ability is achieved due to the 4x4 layout and the fact that the dimensions of the UAZ Bukhanka are in optimal proportion. The modification performs various tasks, starting with the transportation of people and cargo and ending with its use as armored vehicles.
Many experiments were carried out on the car. For example, designers tried to put the body on a tracked drive, or use equipment to drive on rails. The experiment was a success, but things did not go further than experiments.
UAZ-452 “Loaf” car on a caterpillar drive:
When designing the car, the first priority was to create a vehicle capable of carrying eight hundred kilograms of cargo. This explains the choice of the GAZ-69 platform as the basis. Later it became clear that the product was not thick enough and could not withstand such a load. The platform was modified by releasing modifications: with sides and with an interior. The modification with the interior was later reinforced with transverse ribs on the roof. People nicknamed the cars “Tadpole” and “Loaf”, respectively, for their visual similarity.
The design and location of car doors is different in each modification. As an example, the 452-A machine is equipped with doors that open horizontally. The frame of the vehicle is equipped with doors with one leaf, the rear part with two leaves. Seats and the distribution of seats throughout the cabin are also related to classification and purpose. You can also read about.
UAZ Bukhanka technical specifications
The performance indicators of the UAZ-452 car, the advantage of the model for which the user loves and appreciates this vehicle. The car is not fussy about fuel, is economical, consumption is on average 17 liters per hundred, and a sufficient power reserve is provided by a 50-liter gas tank. The power plant is reliable and breaks down extremely rarely; the main failure is related to the spark plugs.
| Explanation | Index |
| Dimensions of UAZ Bukhanka 452 | |
| Vehicle length, m | 4,44 |
| Width of vehicle, m | 2,1 |
| Vehicle height, m | 2,101 |
| Vehicle base, m | 2,3 |
| Curb weight of the car, kg | 1720 |
| Maximum vehicle weight, kg | 2670 |
| Load capacity (rear pair of wheels), t | 1,41 |
| Load capacity (front pair of wheels), t | 1,26 |
| Automotive diagram | 4x4 |
| Power point | |
| Manufacturer | ZMZ-40911 |
| Power plant, type | petrol |
| Engine volume, l | 2,683 |
| Power, kW/hp | 82,4 / 112 |
| Valves per chamber, pieces | 2 |
| Impulse, Nm | 208 |
| Car gearbox | Mechanics, 4 stages |
| Car suspension | Dependents |
| Damping vibrations | Hydraulics, double-sided |
| Car brakes | Drum |
| UAZ Bukhanka filling containers | |
| Coolant, l | 13,4 |
| Lubrication, l | 5,8 |
| Box (4 speeds), l | 1 |
| Box (5 speeds), l | 2,2 |
| Transfer case capacity (TAD-17), l | 0,7 |
| Brake hydraulics (ROSA), l | 0,7 |
| Front pair of wheels (TAD-17), l | 0,85 |
| Rear pair of wheels (TAD-17), l | 0,85 |
| Steering gear (TAD-17), l | 0,25 |
| Clutch hydraulics (ROSA), l | 0,18 |
| Front wheel hub (LITOL), l | 0,3 |
The car is popular due to the characteristics that are inherent in the car. For the sake of performance, the user is willing to put up with the design. In addition, some inconveniences, such as the absence of a speed meter on the instrument panel, do not affect demand.
Dimensions of UAZ Loaf length and width
During the production of “Loaf”, the parameters of the length and width of the vehicle body did not change. There was no point in modernizing the equipment, since the design combined spaciousness and cross-country ability. As mentioned, the length of the car is 4.36 meters, the width is 1.94 meters, the height of the UAZ Bukhanka is 2.09 meters.
The indicators allow the car to reach a speed of 127 kilometers per hour, and the ascent angles allow it to easily overcome an angle of 30°. The ground clearance of the car is 22 centimeters. With this indicator, the vehicle overcomes a ford 0.5 meters deep.
An aspect that influences popularity is the price of the car. The democratic approach, in comparison with competitors, provides sufficient capacity. The car easily carries a ton of cargo. In addition, the equipment is used as a passenger vehicle. Various UAZ-452 models carry from two to ten people. In addition, the vehicle is equipped with a towbar; the weight of the product varies from 0.75 to 1.5 tons.
Dimensions of the UAZ-452 “Loaf” car:
UAZ Bukhanka interior dimensions
Like the dimensions, during production, the car’s interior could not be changed; the design and amenities were simple. The vehicle is designed for a user who operates the vehicle every day, under normal road and off-road conditions.
Car UAZ-452 “Loaf”, driver’s seat:
The instrument panel is steel with a simple speedometer dial. In rainy weather, wipers wash the glass with movements directed in opposite directions. The driver's seat has a minimal set of adjustments and lateral support. The power plant is located on the driver's right, which affects the noise in the cabin. The engine cover is not able to absorb noise and vibration, resulting in knocking and rattling on bumps.
A positive element is the use of seat belts and hydraulic power steering (early models were equipped with a mechanical drive). Since 2016, the instruments have been placed in a single speedometer dial. There is also a niche for installing audio equipment, which the owner needs to buy. Improved noise insulation makes the ride comfortable.
Interior space of the UAZ-452 “Loaf” car:
Passengers are seated on benches made of leatherette. The capacity of the car is ten people, including the driver. There is no need to talk about the comfort of movement, especially over long periods, but off-road driving in the UAZ Bukhanka, the dimensions and dimensions of the interior smooth out this drawback.
Modifications of UAZ-452
Since its inception, the UAZ-452 Bukhanka has been constantly modernized and improved. This caused the appearance of modifications, the number of which leads the user into a stupor.
Car UAZ-452 “Farmer”:
- “452” models that have become widespread:
- “A” – ambulance (6 seats, or 4 devices for transporting patients);
- "AS" - advanced ambulance;
- “AE” – frame used for attaching various canopies;
- “B” – bus, for transporting ten passengers;
- “D3303” – a truck with a 4x4 wheel arrangement and a cabin for 2 people;
- “D” – a car for a television crew;
- “G” – ambulance, increased volume;
- “K” – a car carrying sixteen passengers (custom order);
- “P” is a tractor servicing semi-trailers with a tow hitch.
Advantages and disadvantages
The advantage of the model is the availability of components and ease of replacement of parts. This feature, coupled with technical characteristics, balances out the shortcomings. So, the car moves on a bad road, while transporting cargo in a spacious interior. The car can accommodate ten passengers and a thousand kilograms of cargo. Loading does not affect the service life of the nodes and does not cause damage to the structure.
UAZ-452 “Loaf” car off-road:
The car is suitable for travel, the interior is equipped with a table, heating and other comfort items. The power plant is reliable, economical, and due to the capacity of the fuel tank, it is possible to transport cargo and passengers over long distances without refueling.
The design of the vehicle is simple, the machine is suitable for special tasks. The model is often used as an ambulance in the army and police. Rare breakdowns can be easily repaired in the field, which is appreciated in such situations.
The disadvantage of the UAZ-452 car is its weak skin, which is upholstered with material susceptible to corrosion. The machine must be frequently treated with special compounds to extend its service life. Sometimes the oxidation is so severe that damaged parts have to be replaced.
A couple of years of operation have a negative impact on the condition of the body, and after ten years the body is destroyed. The versatility of the car comes to the rescue; replacing the body is possible due to the design of the frames.
The disadvantage of the car is the lack of passive safety elements. Thus, the UAZ-452 does not have airbags, which will save the life of the driver and passenger in the event of a traffic accident.
The car known to Russians as UAZ 452 “loaf”, was created as an escort vehicle for a tank column. The body of the minibus, designed to overcome tank ruts, turned out to be durable, although inconvenient. Well, military service is not a vacation in a sanatorium! But in terms of running " loaf" turned out to be flawless: easily maintaining cruising speeds of 80-90 km/h on asphalt, at a reduced speed UAZ conquered off-road conditions without hesitation.
True, to connect the front-wheel drive, the driver had to jump out of the cab and bend over with a wrench at the wheel hubs, but after the cramped driver’s seat, such a warm-up is a joy!
Alas! The biggest problem UAZ 452- user inconvenience. That is why, first of all, we consider current examples UAZ interior tuning.
UAZ “loaf” becomes comfortable
When designing the cabin UAZ the designers were guided by the anthropometric data of the soldiers of the early 50s. It is not surprising that our tall contemporaries do not fit well into the standards of the middle of the last century. So get started tuning UAZ "loaf" with the modernization of the driver's seat - an extremely correct, as Lenin would say, decision.
Driver's seat in UAZ serial production is shifted relative to the axis of the steering column to the left. The most ingenious tuning developments move the seat close to the engine compartment lid. To ensure that the hood can be lifted without difficulty, the seat is made easily removable.
The urgent need is to replace the bulky standard steering wheel UAZ previous years of production on a compact steering wheel from a passenger car. Installing a power steering makes it easier to use a small diameter steering wheel.
In trends tuning dashboard UAZ two directions are visible. Adherents of ceremonial brilliance line everything they can reach with corrugated aluminum sheet.
Since one and a half millimeter aluminum is attached to the metal of the body on top of plastic sound insulation, the car becomes noticeably quieter. Makes it easier to clean the interior and UAZ trunk. With proper professionalism of the performers, the aesthetics of the interior increases.
Admirers of ergonomic comfort use safety materials. Complicating the shapes benefits the initially inexpressive interior. There is more space for instruments and storage compartments on this panel than before. Converted UAZ much more convenient than the original version!
Converting an engine compartment lid into a storage tray is an inexpensive and extremely useful conversion.
Keeping a finger on the pulse of all vehicle systems is the most important task of the driver. UAZ 452. Easy to read instrument readings are the key to confident control of equipment in the most difficult conditions!
Above the windshield there is space suitable for placing speakers, a radio, a stationary radio station and other auxiliary electronics. Use it! Options for reforming the upper cabin space " loaves" - a great many!
The console, built symmetrically to the engine compartment, will help place many information screens and control knobs for the heating system - or rather, heating systems. Full-fledged tuning UAZ "loaf", especially for hunting and fishing, is impossible without installing additional heaters!
Heating tuning UAZ 452
Experienced drivers know: in terms of thermal conditions, it’s old UAZ 452- a machine of infernal deceit! In frosty winters, the engine, open from below to all the winds, was overcooled, and therefore the drivers did not allow themselves to aggravate the situation by heating the cabin. In the summer, the engine, being hidden from the through airflow, overheated - and in order to drive, and not boil, the drivers turned on the stove...
True, all the hardships and hardships fell to the lot of the front riders. IN body « loaves“As a rule, at any time of the year the temperature remained close to the outside temperature. That's why tuning UAZ 452 always accompanied by the installation of an autonomous heater for the interior. True, sometimes alterations take extreme forms...
Potbelly stove behind the driver? Such UAZ tuning may seem funny. However, the method can be justified, firstly, by driving on the taiga off-road - after all, in the forest there is more firewood than gasoline. And secondly, a wood stove (though not a potbelly stove) is quite suitable for heating a caravan.
In all other cases, an autonomous car interior heater running on liquid fuel helps.
Problems inherent in thermoregulation of the old 72-horsepower UAZ engine, disappear when the engine is replaced with a new 98-horsepower model.
To make the cabin quiet
Corrugated aluminum sheet, widely used in tuning SUVs (take a look at the interior design of the tuned Niva on the page), helps reduce noise levels in the cabin UAZ 452.
The popular and relatively inexpensive one and a half millimeter sheet of corrugated aluminum is of little use for laying on the floor of a car - due to its natural plasticity and instability to abrasive wear.
Tuning equipment for UAZ 452 interior
If desired, in UAZ 452 body You can install a wardrobe and a double bed, which can be transformed into other pieces of upholstered furniture during the daytime.
A kitchen corner with a small refrigerator (in the photo it is blue), a container with drinking water, a microwave and an electric stove will harmoniously complement the comfort of travelers UAZ 452.
In most cases " loaf"used for traveling to places where an inflatable mattress is enough to sleep, and the kitchen is replaced by a pot over a fire. Fishing and hunting option tuning UAZ 452 Today it is in greater demand than ever!
A wide top hatch is a necessary accessory for a hunting vehicle. A harsh shutter click sounding from the rooftop UAZ "loaves", is capable of confusing both a moose and a bear, and even a traffic inspector. In addition, the hatch will serve as a life-saving exit if the hunt does not go according to the script and the participants in the action are confused about who should chase whom.
Prey hunting, successful fishing - these are trophies! And the trophies need to be put somewhere. Experienced hunters provide a well-closing compartment for prey in the car. Often in isolated UAZ trunk there is an entrenching tool and a spare wheel. Weapons and ammunition can be transported in lockable boxes under the compartment floor.
Game, however, has one unpleasant feature... Many animals (and fish) have such a strong odor that there is no way to transport them inside a car.
Trunk and other canopies UAZ 452
UAZ roof rack able to help out in a wide variety of situations. In addition to carrying a considerable load, the outer trunk can become a platform for arranging a seat. It can be covered with an awning and used as a safe sleeping place in the warm season. Besides, trunk for UAZ protects the roof from damage when crossing dense thickets.
But there is one danger. In user circles, the idea of installing on trunk of UAZ 452 electric winches.
Don't make a fatal mistake! Do not install on trunk of the “loaf” winches! Otherwise, removing, say, a spare tire from the roof, which is usually discarded - and that’s it! - will turn into a long and full of difficulties adventure.
To remove the spare tire with a winch, you will have to:
Climb up and bring the device into working position;
Hook the wheel;
Lower the wheel to the ground;
Go down to unhook the wheel;
Climb up, reel in the rope;
Return the device from the working position to the transport position;
Get off the roof.
However, all this is just physical exercise that is beneficial to health. The highlight of interaction with any winch that does not have a mechanical rope handler is snagging, that is, the tightly wound rope getting stuck among the semi-free turns. Eliminating backlogs is an all-consuming activity, but traumatic for the hands and dangerous for the psyche.
For what UAZ trunk definitely worth using - it is for installing additional headlights. It’s up to you to install several separate light sources or mount a ready-made unit. You will find several successful options for tuning “chandeliers” in the article on the page.
This is what it looks like...
And this is how LED optics shine for SUVs.
We only touched on a few aspects UAZ tuning. Follow the site updates and you will receive a lot of useful recommendations regarding UAZ tuning different models.
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3.7 / 5 ( 4 voices)
For the first time, the UAZ 452 series car was designed by the designers of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant in 1965 as a modification of the UAZ 451. The all-wheel drive version was equipped with a new GAZ-21 engine and a four-speed gearbox.
In the new model range with a 4x4 wheel arrangement, letter indices are used that determine the intended purpose of the vehicle:
| 452A "Tablet" | Sanitary vehicle. Capacity - 4 stretchers or 6 people on the side seats. |
| 452AE | Modification of UAZ-452A for installation of specialized equipment. |
| 452B "Loaf" | Minibus for transporting 10 people. |
| 452D “Tadpole” | Flatbed truck. |
| 452G | Sanitary. Differs from 452A in larger capacity. |
| 452K "Medea" | Resuscitation. Produced in small quantities. Wheel formula 6x4. |
| 452P | Truck tractor |
UAZ(u) 452 in a metal case was given the “loaf” label due to its external resemblance to a loaf of bread. This series has found a surprisingly wide range of applications for the transport of goods, people and as special vehicles.
The next modernization, which took place in 1985, ended with a change in indexing and the end of the history of the 452 series.
Exterior
The body design does not shine with the beauty of the design solution, but is subordinated to the principle of functionality. Streamlining based on speed indicators, high ground clearance (0.3 m), reducing the likelihood of damage to lower components and parts when driving over bumps and holes.
The width of the windshield and side windows provides sufficient panoramic visibility while driving. Since the mid-70s, larger mirrors and new lighting equipment have been installed on doors.
The sidelights have an orange section. The taillights took on a rectangular shape, which was also reflected in the shape of the rear body panels. Turn signal indicators appeared behind the front doors, on the left and right sides.
Door hinges are external and contain grease fittings. The front facing has a U-shaped cutout, above which is the UAZ emblem in the shape of a seagull. There is a towing hook installed under the bumper. In the side niche there is a neck for filling the tank with gasoline.
Body tuning
Changes in the appearance of the car begin with repainting the body. Repainting must take into account the original color. Painting it in camouflage color will not cause any difficulties.
To do this, you need masking tape and two aerosol cans of paint of the specified color. To prepare the body for painting you need:
- Dismantle the mounted body elements and carry out anti-corrosion treatment;
- Cover the glass with film or paper;
- Apply tape in accordance with the future paint contours.
First, paint is applied to indicate light spots, then dark ones. Then you can proceed to the installation of power-hungry elements: reinforced bumpers, a protective pipe arch, which is welded to the front bumper or made removable, a trunk and a winch. It is better to install the winch so that the traction force is at least five tons.
UAZ Bukhanka tuning The final stage is the installation of additional lighting equipment. For example: halogen shockproof headlights are installed on the front bumper, work and high beam chandeliers are installed on the trunk.
Any changes that are not provided for by the design require approval from the traffic inspectorate to eliminate possible problems.
Interior
You probably shouldn’t look for evidence of the comfort of this car’s interior. The car showroom is dominated by metal and leatherette. Inside the cabin, the protruding part of the engine reduces available space. The dashboard records the minimum necessary current technical information.
Salon of UAZ-452 A stove air intake is built into it. A heating stove is installed under the panel, and warm air enters the cabin through an opening door. Insufficient heating in cold weather and lack of interior cooling in hot seasons, poor sound insulation are a consequence of design asceticism and the desire to reduce costs.
Interior tuning
The happy owner of this model realizes how inconvenient the “loaf” car showroom is compared to similar foreign options. But if we do not forget that in the production of this car comfort is of secondary importance, then, with effort, resources and creativity, it is quite possible to create comfort in the cabin.
- You can and should start by replacing the standard seats with modern soft chairs;
- The next step in tuning a car dealership is to isolate external noise, internal rattling of cabin elements and improve the quality of interior decoration;
- Floors, door cavities and the back wall can be laid with vibration insulation, covered with sound insulation, and the joints can be sealed with sealant;
- Then make the inner lining.
Tuned interior of UAZ-452 Today, leather interior trim is popular. Often, additional elements are added to the interior in the form of glove compartments, modern lighting, shelves and ashtrays. It is better to replace the steering wheel with a comfortable and ergonomic one from a foreign car in a soft case, without forgetting about its reliable fastening.
Tuning the UAZ-452 interior The installation of electric windows, audio equipment and modernization of stove heating adds pleasant notes to vehicle tuning. So, the ease of use of the “loaf” created by the owner will undoubtedly add mental comfort.
Specifications
Briefly commenting on the tabular information, we conclude the following: the “loaf” has two drive axles, the UAZ “loaf” gearbox is of a mechanical type and, together with the transmission, is a monoblock. Activation is carried out using a demultiplier.
Engine UAZ-452 The engine is a modernized GAZ-21 engine installed inside the cabin. This allows you to make minor repairs without leaving the cab. Good load capacity and cross-country ability retain the title of “SUV” and “all-terrain vehicle”.
| Modification | Glass van UAZ | UAZ bus |
| Body | ||
| Wheel formula | 4x4 | 4x4 |
| Number of seats | 2 or 5 | 9–10 |
| Length, mm | 4390 | 4363 |
| Width, mm | 1940 | 1940 |
| Height, mm | 2064 | 2064 |
| Wheelbase, mm | 2300 | 2300 |
| Ground clearance, mm | 205 | 205 |
| Fording depth, mm | 500 | 500 |
| Curb weight, kg | 1805 for closed van 1920 for glass van |
2005 – for 9 seater bus 2015 – for 10 seater bus |
| Total weight, kg | 2730 for closed van 2845 for glazed van |
2880 |
| Load capacity, kg | 925 | 875 – for 9 seater bus 865 – for a 10 seater bus |
| Engine | ||
| Engine | Gasoline, ZMZ-40911.10 | |
| Fuel | Gasoline with an octane rating of at least 92 | |
| Working volume, l | 2,693 | |
| Maximum power, hp (kW) | 112.2 (82.5) at 4250 rpm | |
| Maximum torque, Nm | 198 at 2500 rpm | |
| Maximum speed, km/h | 127 | |
| Fuel consumption at 60 km/h, l / 100 km | 9,0 | |
| Fuel consumption at 80 km/h, l / 100 km | 11,2 | |
| Fuel tank capacity, l | 77 | |
| Chassis | ||
| Transmission | 5-speed, manual | |
| Transfer case | 2-speed with front axle drive disabling | |
| Brake system | Dual-circuit, with vacuum booster, front disc, rear drum) | |
| Tires | 225/75 R16 | |
Safety
When creating the UAZ, the concept of driver safety was considered a secondary task. The main task was to realize the intended purpose. That is, meeting the requirements of the defense field.
According to some experts, this car has a 30 percent chance of surviving a frontal collision.
UAZ Bukhanka front view Although, crash tests carried out for the first time in 1971 did not confirm this figure. The design does not provide seat belts, but the good news is that in the UAZ “loaf” line, it has decent strength characteristics.
It is also impossible to deny the fact that traffic safety largely depends on the qualities and experience of the driver himself.
Options and prices
The price of cars in this series depends on a number of factors. They take into account the technical condition, service life, funds invested in modernization, tuning, overhaul, and accounting for how they were previously operated. Depending on the above, prices on the market range from $1,000 to $12,000.
Advantages and disadvantages
Pros of the car
- Versatility;
- Patency;
- Capacity;
- Maintainability;
- The design is simple, which allows troubleshooting in the field.
Cons of the car
- The level of safety for the driver and passengers does not meet modern requirements;
- Low comfort;
- Increased fuel consumption;
- The outer body skin is subject to excessive corrosion.
Let's sum it up
This vehicle is a good workhorse for everyday tasks. If desired and financially possible, it can be successfully modernized technically and externally. In this case, the “loaf” becomes a delight for lovers of hunting, fishing and travel, allowing you to get to hard-to-reach places.
UAZ-452 front view The absence of scarce spare parts, fairly simple repairs and maintenance are the key to maintaining the machine in reliable condition.
UAZ-452 photo
UAZ 452 (Loaf, Tablet) is a special cargo-passenger, all-wheel drive, two-axle off-road vehicle with a 4x4 wheel arrangement. The car has been produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant since 1957. The car is produced in both body (wagon) and flatbed (tadpole) versions. The car body can be equipped with single-leaf side doors and a double-leaf door at the rear (the door configuration depends on the specific modification).
The main advantage of the car is its versatility and maneuverability. A driver, from one to 10 passengers and from 450 kg to 1 ton of cargo can simultaneously coexist in the loaf. The internal space can be designed either in a version with an isolated compartment (the passenger compartment is separated by a partition with a window) or in a carriage version. A table installed in the cabin, a heater with high heating capacity, numerous options for transforming the interior (including the possibility of cutting through a hatch), make the UAZ loaf not only a reliable assistant in work, but also an indispensable companion when going hunting, fishing and just in nature: in a word, for those places and conditions where there is nothing to do without all-wheel drive, good cross-country ability and a spacious interior.
UAZ-452 History.
In 1955, the designers of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant were given the task of designing a car with a carrying capacity of 800 kg on the GAZ-69 chassis. Since the GAZ-69 had a short wheelbase, it was only possible to accommodate 800 kg of cargo with a carriage body layout. The prototype was developed in two versions: a truck with a wooden body and an all-metal van. The roof of the car had transverse stiffening ribs, because of this, from above it resembled a sliced loaf of bread. This is where the popular name “loaf” comes from. In 1958, the car went into mass production.
The first cars had an index and were equipped with GAZ-69 engines, a 3-speed gearbox and a 2-speed transfer case. It was the first domestic car with a cabin over the engine. The UAZ-450 series was all-wheel drive. In 1961, a rear-wheel drive modification of the UAZ-451 appeared. It differed from the all-wheel drive version only in the presence of a side door on vans.
The car underwent serious modernization in 1965. First of all, the car received a new GAZ-21 engine and a 4-speed gearbox. The design of the front has changed. The new model received the index UAZ-452D (flatbed truck), the van was simply called UAZ-452, and the ambulance van was called UAZ-452A. In addition, a 10-seater UAZ-452V minibus was designed. At the same time, the rear-wheel drive version was modernized, but no changes were made to the index other than the addition of the letter “M”. The carrying capacity of these machines was increased to 1000 kg.
In 1966, the UAZ-452D car was awarded a gold medal at the Moscow International Exhibition of Agricultural Machinery. And on August 20, 1966, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor. In 1974, on February 18, the millionth UAZ rolled off the assembly line. It was a UAZ-452 van. Later, on February 16, 1976, the plant received the second Order of the Red Banner, and in November 1977, the UAZ-452 car received the Quality Mark.
Until the mid-80s, UAZ cars were produced unchanged. The next modernization was made in 1985, and along with it the car indices changed. This is where the history of the 452nd model ends.
Technical characteristics of UAZ-452
The mass of cargo transported on the platform is no more than 700 kg
Weight of cargo transported in the cargo compartment: from 400 kg to 1 ton
Number of seats: from 2 to 10 Permissible gross weight from 2500 kg to 3000 kg
Gross towed trailer weight: with brakes 1500 kg, without brakes 750 kg Maximum speed: from 100 to 130 km/h
Fuel consumption (when driving at a constant speed): from 13 to 18 l/100 km Maximum incline covered by the vehicle's total weight: about 30 degrees (58%)
Fording depth: 0.5 m
Engine model: UMZ-4213
Type: 4-stroke, fuel injection
Number of cylinders: four
Cylinder arrangement: in-line, vertical
Displacement: 2.89 liters
Compression ratio: 8.2
Maximum torque: 201.0 Nm in the frequency range from 3000-3500 min
Modifications of UAZ 452
UAZ-452 - van, main modification
UAZ-452A is an ambulance, popularly nicknamed the “tablet”. The car could accommodate up to 4 stretchers or six on benches and one accompanying person in both cases. The ambulance did not provide comfort when moving, the suspension remained with the standard model, but was the only ambulance capable of reaching the most remote places.
UAZ-452AS - ambulance vehicle in northern version
UAZ-452AE - chassis for installing various equipment
UAZ-452V - ten-seater minibus with carriage layout
UAZ-452D - a truck with a double cabin and a wooden body
UAZ-452G - ambulance, differs from UAZ-452A in capacity
UAZ-452K - experimental 16-seater three-axle bus, (6x4) (1973).
UAZ-452P - truck tractor
Versatility and all-terrain capability of the UAZ 452
Seemingly incompatible features are reflected in a whole line of UAZ modifications: from a farmer to an ambulance or a nurse. The car is standardly equipped with a gasoline engine, manual transmission and front-wheel drive.
Look at the video of UAZ 452:
Pros and cons of UAZ 452
The general pros and cons of UAZs, as well as the details of choosing a new or used UAZ are perfectly described on the UAZbook, and in short, you need a garage, and the ability + desire to twist the nuts yourself: otherwise the car will be quite expensive to maintain.
I would like to draw your attention to the difference between the Bukhanka and other UAZs: the engine in the cabin (the fresh paint simply heated up and stuck to the jackets of the drivers who were ferrying the loaves from Ulyanovsk) + a complete lack of protection for the legs and the driver himself in a head-on collision. These facts must be taken into account when choosing a Loaf.
Reliability of UAZ 452
In general, you need to understand that the UAZ 452 is the brainchild of the domestic automobile industry. If you immediately accept this fact and do not try to treat the UAZ as a foreign car that does not break down or leak, then communication with the UAZ immediately becomes easier and more honest: the UAZ is a fairly simple, utilitarian car, which was not created for comfort and not for records. maintenance-free operation: the UAZ’s task is to escort a tank column on the march. Everything else is just attempts to dress up an army vehicle in civilian guise. Look even at the photo of UAZ 452:
The maintainability of UAZ vehicles often pays for its low reliability and comfort.
There is also an opinion that Bukhanki, in comparison with other UAZ models (for example, those currently produced by Hunters and Patriots), are much more technically reliable, since they are manufactured for doctors and the Ministry of Emergency Situations, where the requirements for reliability are much higher than in civilian life . We don’t undertake to judge how true this is.
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26.11.2017, 15:52 33110 0 Denis Orlov
It’s good for our people to give nicknames. Especially the drivers. One gets the feeling that those of us who have opened category “C” in our licenses have also passed a special test on wit. “Goat”, “Loaf”, “Tablet”, “Tadpole” - all these are unofficial names of models of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. And it is unlikely that a citizen of the former USSR will have to explain which ones exactly. After all, nicknames, as they say, hit you not in the eyebrow, but in the eye.
History of "Loaf"
And it all started with Soroka. Imagine the city of Ulyanovsk in 1956. Ilyich’s homeland still presents a rather dismal sight today, and even more so then. Barracks, legless disabled people, dirt and yesterday's guards, sullenly watching any stranger. And here is a car of an outlandish shape, without a hood or wings, but with a smoothly sloping roof and raised “eyebrows” above the headlights. And the color is black and white. Neither give nor take forty.
At that time, the department of the chief designer of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant mainly consisted of people from GAZ. The people were experienced, therefore, when the order came from the Ministry to carry out a volume of development work to create several types of carriage-type cars, no one was surprised.
And it was necessary to make a van, an ambulance, a minibus and a flatbed truck. Moreover, as usually happens with us, everything had to be done in a short time. It is quite logical that they decided to link the new family as much as possible with the produced GAZ 69. A similar problem has not yet been solved in our country. So unexpectedly for themselves, the designers discovered that a truck driver, when backing up, usually looks not in the mirror, but through the slightly open door. And in prototypes it is fun on the rear hinges. Remade. It was also necessary to refit the new product with tires of a larger section, since the front axle was overloaded during the carriage layout.
In the all-wheel drive version they somehow put up with this. But when the rear-wheel drive UAZ 451 family was launched into production in 1961, drastic measures were required. As a result, the engine was moved deeper into the base, sacrificing the size of the cargo compartment. But the goal was achieved.
With the style of the UAZ 450, and the word design in those years was almost a dirty word, things also did not go smoothly. Early examples of vans were born in Moscow. The plant did not have its own design artists. Contact US. In the winter of 1956-57, a whole group of specialists arrived from Moscow to Ulyanovsk: Aryamov, Dolmatovsky, Kobylinsky, Molchanov. But they designed such that the phrase designer-designer in Ulyanovsk became offensive. Why did the factory workers not like Moscow creativity? Since the car was created by order of the Ministry of Defense, the requirements for it were very specific. The military also agreed that the driver who drove the car into the helicopter could not leave his workplace. Something else was worse. According to the terms of reference, the body of the all-terrain vehicle was supposed to accommodate four wounded on stretchers. But the author of “Magpie,” Vladimir Ivanovich Aryamov, based on aesthetic considerations, made the roof sloping. It looked nice, but the back doorway was so low that the upper tier of stretchers could not be brought in if the lower tier was occupied.
Five of the first samples were built. And they had to be redone several more times. But in 1958, production of the UAZ 450A ambulance van began. Next they launched the UAZ 450 cargo van. And in 1959 it was the turn of the flatbed UAZ 450D.
Throughout its production, that is, to this day, the car has been gradually modernized, experimented with modifications, from truck tractors to tracked snowmobiles.
In 1985, the three-digit indexation was changed to four-digit. It’s no secret that over the many years of production, the Ulyanovsk “Loaf” was repeatedly wanted to be replaced with something fresh, but nothing meaningful came of it. Apparently, this car is one of those rare one-piece designs that are created once and for all.
There have been attempts to make something new. So in 1989, as part of development work on the “GAK” theme, the UAZ 3972 family was created.
Four cars were built. Their appearance was controversial. The factory workers immediately nicknamed them King Kongs. But this topic did not go further.
At the beginning of the 21st century, UAZ once again tried to replace the “Loaf” with a new model. This is how “Simba” or UAZ 3165 was born - a half-hood, all-wheel drive minivan. We made four prototypes: two minibuses, an ambulance and a flatbed truck. But at that time the plant had no time for new products in order to survive. And “Loaf” is a time-tested model that you can bet on. If anything happens, he will take it out.
Photo from the archive
