Special attention in traffic rules is traditionally paid to traffic in populated areas. Traffic speeds in cities and towns are always significantly lower than on highways. This limitation is easy to explain. Pedestrians are very vulnerable to accidents; they are not protected by airbags and the metal frame of the car. Even a speed of 80 km/h, which is slow by automobile standards, can be fatal for a pedestrian or lead to extremely serious injuries.
Traffic speed
Traffic regulations regulate in detail the speed limit for all types of vehicles. The main categories are the following parameters:
- Terrain;
- Type of vehicle – truck/passenger car;
- Presence of dangerous cargo in the car;
- Presence of people in the car – there is movement without passengers or there are people in the vehicle (especially children or groups of people).
In addition, additional road signs may regulate the maximum speed limit. You cannot ignore them and allow speeding to happen.
The rules are based on two important concepts:
- The first concept is the braking distance of vehicles. The concept is derived exclusively from physical laws. Braking distance is the distance a vehicle will travel with the brake pedal pressed. The distance is affected by speed, roadway surface, and vehicle weight.
- The second concept is a stopping distance. The concept refers to the distance in meters that the car will travel until it comes to a complete stop from the moment the driver detects a dangerous situation. As you might guess, the stopping distance consists of two components - the speed of the driver’s reaction to a dangerous situation plus the braking distance itself. Many factors influence the speed of the reaction. Such factors include visibility and a relatively subjective concept - the psychophysiological state of the driver.
If the roadway is poorly lit or there is fog, all this will lead to a slower driver's reaction in case of danger. In addition, the driver himself may not be concentrated (for example, due to lack of sleep), which will similarly lead to an increase in the stopping distance. Safety – personal, pedestrians, and other drivers – depends on concentration. If you approach the issue inattentively, drive with violations, or for failure to comply with traffic rules, you should prepare to pay a fine or even criminal punishment.
Based on physical laws, statistics and international practice, speed limits were developed in the traffic rules, provided for different areas and conditions.
Car speed
Passenger cars are the most common vehicles; almost every family has one.
Standard restrictions for passenger cars are the following:
- The speed limit in a populated area is 60 kilometers/hour;
- Maximum speed outside the city (settled areas) – 90 kilometers/hour;
- The permitted speed on highways and highways is 110 kilometers/hour.
There is one more important nuance in this list. In courtyard areas, that is, directly in residential areas, speed is limited to a minimum, no more than 20 km/h. The risk of an accident with a pedestrian in a residential area is much higher than just on a busy road passing at a relative distance from apartment buildings. Thus, the speed limit is a reasonable and reasonable requirement.
If vehicles are towed, a limit of 50 km/h is set for all types of terrain. But for courtyard areas, the entire previous rule applies - no more than 20 km/hour. In addition, you should pay attention to signs when driving.
There are three types of signs (see below):
- Prohibition sign(No. 1 and No. 2) – reduces the maximum speed, can often be found in areas under repair or near schools, hospitals, and other public places;
- Mandatory sign(No. 3) – sets the speed allowed for this section of the road. For example, it can be equal to 90 kilometers per hour, so as not to create unnecessary traffic jams;
- Recommended sign(No. 4 and No. 5 (end zone)) – similar to the prescriptive sign, but is advisory and not mandatory.
- speed limit sign;
- temporary speed limit sign;
- a sign limiting the minimum speed of a car;
- recommended speed sign;
- the end of the sign's coverage area and the recommended speed limit.
Speed limits for trucks
Heavy demands are placed on trucks for many reasons. A cargo vehicle is more difficult to drive due to its mass and dimensions. The braking distance of a truck will be much longer than that of a car. In addition, the truck is difficult to turn around; driving requires a lot of experience and dexterity from the driver.
For “light” trucks weighing up to 3500 kilograms, the following restrictions apply:
- maximum speed in a populated area up to 60 km/h;
- maximum speed outside the city and on the highway is up to 110 km/h.
But freight transport is often carried out by more massive vehicles, weighing several times the 3,500 kilogram limit. These trucks have the following restrictions:
- For a populated area – 60 kilometers/hour;
- Maximum speed outside the city/village is 70 kilometers/hour;
- The permitted speed on the highway is 90 kilometers/hour.
If the vehicle is carrying dangerous goods, special rules apply. Depending on the type of cargo, there are different rules. Common to all is the ban on overtaking; overtaking is prohibited at speeds above 30 km/h. There are also urban areas in which the movement of a truck with dangerous goods is strictly prohibited.
Trucks with passengers in the back must adhere to the limit of 60 km/h. The rule also applies when transporting children. If organized transportation of children is carried out, for example, to a summer camp, then exceeding the established limit is not allowed.
Table of speed limits on Russian roads
| Vehicle type\Road | Motorway | Outside the populated area | In a populated area | Living sector |
| Motorcycles | 90 km/h. | 90 km/h. | 60 km/h. | 20 km/h. |
| Cars and trucks with GVW up to 3.5 tons. | 110 km/h. | 90 km/h. | 60 km/h. | |
| Passenger vehicles with trailer | 90 km/h. | 70 km/h. | 60 km/h. | |
| Trucks with a GVW of more than 3.5 tons. | 90 km/h. | 70 km/h. | 60 km/h. | |
| Intercity and small buses | 90 km/h. | 90 km/h. | 60 km/h. | |
| Other buses | 90 km/h. | 70 km/h. | 60 km/h. | |
| Trucks when transporting people | 60 km/h. | 60 km/h. | 60 km/h. | |
| Vehicle for organized transportation of children | 60 km/h. | 60 km/h. | 60 km/h. | |
| Vehicle when towing other vehicles | 50 km/h. | 50 km/h. | 50 km/h. |
Video: Road speed and its limitations
Yuri, do the values on the board contradict regular road signs?
Of course they contradict - according to the Ring Road, the permitted speed is 110 km/h.
Yuri, after each "110" sign you can drive at a speed of 110 km/h. You can be fined at 130 km/h.
After each "70" sign you can drive at a speed of 70 km/h. You can be fined at 90 km/h.
The scoreboard is essentially the same signs. Each subsequent sign (board) cancels the action of the previous one.
Good luck on the roads!
Thank you, but there are no 110 km/h signs on the Ring Road. However, I doubt that electronic signs over the ring road have legal force. I think that these are still informational values and recommend a given speed, but do not oblige.
Thank you, but there are no 110 km/h signs on the Ring Road.
Why then do you think that it is possible to move there at this speed?
Yuri
Good luck on the roads!
Yuri, in this case, the maximum speed is set by the board. I don’t think these signs are fake; traffic police officers wouldn’t mess with them.
Those. the board is similar to sign 3.24 and sets the maximum speed. If you exceed it by 20 km/h or more, you can get a fine.
Good luck on the roads!
wowick, in this case the following logical chain is used.
1. Images are not used in the text of the traffic rules. The text of the document is simply text with numbers and descriptions of characters. Published texts of the rules contain signs to make the rules easier for drivers to understand.
2. At the beginning of Appendix 1 there is the following sentence:
The numbering of road signs corresponds to GOST R 52290-2004.
Those. a description of the images of signs can be found in this GOST.
3. GOST itself contains the following paragraph:
5.2.1. Signs are made using reflective materials, with internal lighting, with external lighting. Elements of the image in black and gray colors of signs should not have a retroreflective effect.
It is allowed to produce signs with light indication with inscriptions and symbols in matrix form. In this case, it is allowed to replace black inscriptions and symbols with white or yellow, and the white background of signs with black in cases where this does not lead to their erroneous perception. Replacing the red color of the background, symbol and border of signs and the size of their images is not allowed.
So the board signs are also road signs.
Good luck on the roads!
Based on all of the above, I propose the other extreme: - so that people on the roads do not violate the speed limit, make cars moving at a speed of 60 km/h and the problem of speeding will be solved. All other higher speed vehicles will be banned forever in the country. In this way we will solve the problem with speed on the roads. But then there will be no reason to rob people? Yes gentlemen those in power)
This already happened many years ago (in the last century). Everything worked. And in this century, the speed limit has increased, and the roads have become worse than in the last century.
I think it's better to do it completely differently. Cars whose speed exceeds 60 km/h are prohibited from driving on roads, but only on sports tracks.
Hello.
What relevant signs are mentioned in the note to clause 10.2? If we are talking about sign 3.24, which is used as an example at the beginning of your article, then in my subjective opinion this is not correct, because sign 3.24 is prohibitive, here is an example: on a section of the road we see sign 3.24 (90), this sign prohibits exceeding the speed indicated on the sign, which means that a speed higher than that indicated on sign 3.24 was previously permitted. After all, you must admit that you cannot prohibit what is not permitted.
We need a new sign, used separately or in conjunction with signs 5.1 and 5.3, and put the 10th section in order, otherwise it turns out that: The speed on the highway is regulated by the clause on the speed of movement OUTSIDE the populated area, and the note in clause 10.2 regulates the speed IN THE BUNDLED AREA at the speed set for the highway, but this speed is allowed on the highway OUTSIDE the populated area.
I rented a car for 5 days and returned it shortly after. 3 days after delivery, the owner of the car asked me to pay a fine for speeding, which was recorded by technical means (photo taken by the camera). I decided to act according to my conscience and was going to pay. And again a complaint was received that another fine had been received, in it the amount was already 2000 rubles for a repeated offense. I looked at the fines and it turned out that before the first fine I received, the owner of the car had 2 more unpaid fines also for speeding, and the fine given to “me” for repeating it was already the fourth in a week. But the previous 2 are not mine! What to do in this situation???
Ruslan, fines for violations that you committed must be paid. Fines for other periods should not be paid; let the car owner deal with them.
Good luck on the roads!
I have a question. The car is registered to me. The first time my wife was speeding, and the second time (within a year) it was me, so what should I do? What should I do?
Obey traffic rules. Or don't get caught.and what to do? What should I do?
Ildar, the fine is imposed on the owner of the vehicle. If, after the first violation, the wife did not contact the traffic police to “rewrite” the fine on herself, then both fines were imposed on you. In the second case, punishment will be imposed for repeated violation of the rules.
Good luck on the roads!
Evgeniy-189
Question: I exceeded the speed limit in the city by 20-40 km. After 4 months, the bailiff deducted 500 rubles from my card and savings book. The most interesting thing is that I didn’t receive the letter and didn’t know anything at all. The violation was recorded on camera (tripod). It’s probably beneficial for you to take 100 percent payment
Eugene, I am not going to collect fines from car owners, so this is absolutely not profitable for me.
Better yet, just follow the rules of the road. As practice shows, this is not at all difficult.
Good luck on the roads!
Evgenia-24
Maxim, hello!
2 days ago I received 2 speeding fines at once (I was driving within the city at a speed of 88-90 km/h), and it turned out that the cameras (tripods) recorded me on the same day and in almost the same place (time difference in the photo is 1.5 minutes).
The question is: is it legal to demand 2 fines from me for the same violation, if the Code of Administrative Offenses in Article 4.1 states that “No one can bear administrative responsibility twice for the same administrative offense.”
The Code of Administrative Offenses in Article 4.1 states that “No one can bear administrative responsibility twice for the same administrative offense.”
Evgenia-24, why do you think that speeding at intervals of 1.5 minutes is one violation?
Evgenia, Hello.
Please clarify, did the fines come from the same camera or from different ones? Have you passed them once or twice?
I increased the speed within the city by 40 km/h, but the owner of the car is my father. He received an SMS saying this and that, pay. There are no questions, I’ll pay, because it’s my fault. BUT! If during this week that I drove and didn’t know about the fine, I got more fines, then what will the consequences be for my father? Let’s say (roughly speaking) I increased the speed there 2 more times by the same 40 km/h. Repeated fines (2000-2500)? Or is it already deprivation?
Let’s say (roughly speaking) I increased the speed there 2 more times by the same 40 km/h.
To avoid being deprived of it the second time, do not exceed more than 60 km/h (if the camera records it, only a fine of 5 tr). A repeat from 40 to 60 costs 2 - 2.5 tr.
Pauline, if at least one of the violations is speeding by 60 km/h or more, then warn your father about it. The fact is that if he repeatedly exceeds the speed limit by 60 km/h or more and the violation is recorded by employees (not cameras), then he will be deprived of his license.
Good luck on the roads!
I received 2 fines for speeding in the city (84 km/h) from cameras (tripods) within 1 minute with a time difference of seconds... Is the 2nd fine with a difference of 20 seconds legal?
Elena, if fines are recorded by different cameras in different places and at different times, then everything is within the framework of the law.
Good luck on the roads!
Elena, if fines were recorded by different cameras in different places and at different times, then everything is within the framework of the law.
Where is the legislation? If a traffic police officer stopped me and issued a fine, I would think about it, but the camera takes a photo and continue driving. Therefore, imposing 2 fines in such a short period of time is not acceptable. Just like 2 fines on the way home for lack of technical inspection... Etc.
The speed is 84 km/h, in 20 seconds you will travel about 500 m. Not so little. In this case, the cameras certainly could not intersect at the scene of action (the distance at which tripods are caught is approximately 300-400 m). This is my opinion.
The permitted speed limit is planned to be increased on several sections of highways in the Pskov region and Perm region. In addition, the speed limit will be increased on the M-4 Don and M-11 St. Petersburg - Moscow toll roads, the newspaper reports "News" with reference to the Federal Road Agency (Rosavtodor).
The speed limit in the Pskov region will be increased from 90 km/h to 110 km/h on sections of the M-9 Baltia highway, as well as roads R-23, R-56 and A-212. The same changes await the section of the P-242 highway from Perm to Yekaterinburg.
Currently in the Russian Federation there are 20 sections with a speed limit of 110 km/h. Rosavtodor plans to increase the limit on the roads P-22 "Caspian", A-289 from Krasnodar to Kerch, P-404 from Tyumen to Khanty-Mansiysk, as well as on the roads M-8 "Kholmogory", P-217 "Caucasus", M -5 "Ural" and A-370 "Ussuri".
However, before increasing the speed limit, a number of conditions must be met, the agency emphasized. It is necessary to ensure separated traffic and pedestrian flows, install artificial electric lighting, build a barrier fence in the middle of the roadway and along the roadsides, and install anti-glare screens.
Increasing the maximum speed limit while complying with increased safety requirements reduces the accident rate on the highways, they added. This is evidenced by the results collected during studies at test sites starting in 2013.
The Chairman of the Russian Motorists Movement is convinced that certain conditions on the roads are necessary to increase the speed limit, reports NSN .
“If a motorway mode has been created on some route, then please, a speed limit of 110 km/h can be allowed there, and in some areas even 130 km/h. The current rules do not prohibit this, but this must be exactly the mode of the motorway: no pedestrians, no traffic lights, strictly separated lanes in different directions, no left turns and U-turns, and good quality of the road surface. If these conditions are met, this is a highway with all the ensuing consequences, and the speed limit may be 110 km/h or more,” said the automobile activist.
Back in mid-December, Russia also received an order from the government to prepare a project to return fines for exceeding the speed limit by 10 km/h. It is noted that exceeding the speed limit is one of the most common violations of traffic rules: in just 11 months of 2018, 81.3 million decisions were issued for exceeding the speed limit by 20-40 km/h.
According to the president of the expert center “Traffic without danger”, it is reasonable to reduce the speed limit in cities, especially taking into account the need to ensure safety in the area of educational institutions. However, outside the city, the expert believes, one can, on the contrary, think about liberalizing the speed limit.
As traffic safety expert Katerina Solovyova notes, there is no data yet that could confirm the increase in the number of accidents due to speeding by 10-20 km/h, reports FAN. “Where the authorities wanted to achieve a flow speed of 60 km/h, there have been “40” signs for a long time, so there is no problem,” the expert noted.
Previously, it introduced a moratorium on changes to traffic rules. According to the head of the Scientific Center for Road Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Dmitry Mitroshin,
“everyone is tortured and confused” by the amendments to the traffic rules. The moratorium applies only to the Ministry of Internal Affairs - both the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Internal Affairs will be able to make changes to the rules. “But we ourselves are determined to suspend this activity a little for now,” Mitroshin noted.
Recently, the traffic police have adopted a large number of amendments to the traffic rules. Many car owners are even demanding the introduction of an extra course in driving schools to study these changes in traffic rules.
The speed limit on Russian roads may change: the State Duma proposes to allow speeding outside the city to 100–110 km/h. This initiative was put forward by the head of the Duma Committee on Transport, Evgeny Moskvichev, and the idea was supported by the Federal Road Agency (Rosavtodor). The opinions of independent experts are divided: some believe that such a decision is long overdue, others are confident that the road network in Russia is not yet ready for such speeds.
The head of the State Duma Committee on Transport, Evgeny Moskvichev, said on Tuesday that it is necessary to “consider the issue” of increasing the maximum permitted speed. “We need to train specialists who, together with us, would think about how to make sure that the maximum speed on the roads is not 90 km/h, but 100–110 km/h, I think it’s time for us to set it,” he said. We, together with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, must think about this, because speed is important.”
The traffic rules establish the speed limit, which is applied by default: in residential areas - 20 km/h, in urban areas - 60 km/h, on a country road - 90 km/h, for a highway - 110 km/h. The maximum speed allowed by traffic regulations - 130 km/h - is introduced on highways with special signs.
As Mr. Moskvichev explained to Kommersant, there will be no need to make changes to traffic rules and other regulations: it will be enough to put new signs on the highways. According to him, to discuss this issue, it may be necessary to invite representatives of Rosavtodor and Avtodor to the transport committee. “Let them explain why this cannot be done,” he explained to Kommersant. “I believe that as a pilot passage we can take, for example, the route from Moscow to Rostov (section M4.- “Kommersant”), there is a bump stop, lighting, and look at the results.” Another option is to introduce a speed limit of 110 km/h only in the leftmost lane and maintain 90 km/h in the remaining lanes.
“We have had a 90-kilometer limit since the 70s, when the roads were completely different,” Evgeny Moskvichev told Kommersant. “Well, then why are we investing money in them, bringing them to standard condition? We need to make some kind of breakthrough in this area.
Now people have to constantly slow down and monitor their speed, otherwise a person can easily drive 110-120 km/h. On highways, in general, I think it’s possible to introduce limits of 130-150 km/h.”
Let us remember that discussions about the maximum speed on highways and city streets have been going on for many years. In 2014, the Ministry of Internal Affairs developed a bill reinstating the fine for exceeding the limit by more than 10 km/h (now you can exceed the permitted speed by 20 km/h with impunity), but the amendments ultimately did not reach the State Duma. The capital's authorities have also long been in favor of tightening the speed limit, but so far nothing has changed: on the Moscow Ring Road and the Third Transport Ring, the regime adopted under Yuri Luzhkov is maintained - 100 km/h and 80 km/h, respectively.
But in 2017, the authorities of the Moscow region installed 50 km/h limit signs on many highways near Moscow (instead of the previous 60 km/h), having reconfigured the cameras. On federal highways, on the contrary, every year more and more sections open where it is allowed to accelerate to 130 km/h - such a restriction, in particular, applies to a number of sections of the M4 (this year it is planned to increase them due to sections in Tula and Rostov regions), on the bypass of Vyshny Volochek.
The idea has already been supported by Rosavtodor. According to the department, of the 50.1 thousand km of federal highways, 15% are first category highways (acceptable mode 110–130 km/h), 41% are second category, 33% are third category, 9% are fourth category, 2% - fifth category.
“Increasing the maximum permitted speed of cars from 90 km/h is possible, but subject to compliance with traffic safety requirements,” the press service of the state company Avtodor, which manages 2.8 thousand highways, explained to Kommersant.
The Ministry of Internal Affairs has not yet responded to Mr. Moskvichev’s proposal.
“On highways of the highest technical category, the speed can already be increased to 130 km/h; on a network of roads of “junior” categories, it makes no sense to increase it,” says Mikhail Blinkin, head of the Public Council of the Ministry of Transport of Russia. “There is now a trend abroad to limit speeds. For example, in the United States, driving on many freeways used to be allowed almost without restrictions; there were 100 mph signs. Now it’s 85.55.”
“Ensuring and increasing traffic capacity includes not only parking bans and the installation of traffic lights, but also measures aimed at increasing traffic intensity and speed limits,” says lawyer, road safety expert Katerina Solovyova. “And this should be done at least for federal and regional roads. Arrangement activities will also need to be carried out there.” According to her, the implementation of the idea could “become an important milestone in the development of traffic management in the country.”
An expert on photo and video recording systems, Grigory Shukhman, calls the initiative “impracticable”: “The traffic police will be against it, because taking into account the unpunished excess, drivers will drive 120–130 km/h.” Coordinator of the Blue Buckets movement Petr Shkumatov believes that the speed should be limited in the traffic rules to 90 km/h by default for roads without a bumper, 110 km/h for roads with a bumper and at least two lanes in one direction and 130 km /h - in the presence of artificial lighting.
A modern car with a powerful engine, streamlined body, improved suspension, and high-quality tires can reach speeds of 200 km per hour or more without any problems.
In practice, it has been established that the power qualities inherent in the car are necessary in cases of short-term acceleration when overtaking or when climbing hills.
In reality, comfortable and safe driving of a car is carried out at a speed of 100-150 kilometers per hour, and this is provided that the road on which the car is moving complies with standards and GOSTs.
There are few highways in Russia where you can reach the maximum speed allowed by traffic rules.
The traffic rules of the Russian Federation, with additions and changes as amended on July 25, 2017, set the permitted speed on the highway within 110 km per hour and up to 130 km per hour in certain sections.
In the new edition of the traffic rules, we once again turn to the definition of the concept of a highway and find an explanation that this is a road that has carriageways in each direction with a dividing strip or with a road fence between them.
The highway does not have intersections with other roads at the same level, nor does it intersect with railways, tram tracks, or paths for cyclists or pedestrians.
The rules indicate that the highway is marked with sign 5.1. It must have 4 or more lanes. Each lane has a width of 3.75 m and a shoulder of at least 3.75 m, and a six-meter dividing strip has been installed.
In other words, on the highway the driver can accelerate the car to the speed allowed by the rules and cover the road quite quickly and comfortably.
In Russia, there are few highways compared to other countries. Statistics give different figures. We can say that such roads are only 8% of the total.
Most of the roads of class 1A (as highways are designated) are located in the European part of the country, and they go mainly from Moscow in different directions.
These are the M2 “Crimea”, M4 “Don”, M9 “Baltic”, M7 “Volga”, M11 Moscow – St. Petersburg highways. In St. Petersburg these are the Ring Road and WHSD roads. In other regions, highways include the Perm - Yekaterinburg, Kemerovo - Leninsk-Kuznetsky highways.
In the future, Rosavtodor and Avtodor, the main players in the road construction market, will reconstruct and build a relatively small number of highways.
In general, the country does not have a single connected highway network. Highways are separate sections of federal highways.
There are no minimum speed limits on roads for cars in Russia, but the minimum speed limit on highways is established by traffic rules.
Thus, paragraph 16 “Traffic on the highway” states that the movement of vehicles whose technical characteristics or condition do not allow a speed of more than 40 km per hour is prohibited.
Therefore, you should drive on the highway at a speed of more than 40 km/h.
If a car breaks down on the road and cannot drive at a higher speed, the rules instruct the driver to stop, move the car to the side of the road on the right beyond the solid line and take action to call a repair service or a tow truck.
A driver may be fined for driving on a motorway at a speed less than 40 km per hour.
In paragraph 10 of the rules “Traffic speed”, the legislator established the maximum possible speed for various vehicles when driving on the highway:
- For motorcycles, cars and trucks with a permissible maximum weight of not more than 3.5 tons, the maximum speed allowed is 110 km per hour.
- Intercity and small buses - no more than 90 km per hour.
- Buses, cars with trailers, trucks weighing more than 3.5 tons - 90 km per hour.
- Trucks carrying people in the back - up to 60 km per hour.
- Transport that transports organized groups of children - up to 60 km per hour.
In the same paragraph of the traffic rules in the note, the legislator assigns to the owners or owners of roads the right to allow the movement of certain types of transport at a speed of up to 130 km per hour on certain sections of highways.
The main requirement for the provision of such a speed limit is the owner’s compliance with the conditions to ensure safe traffic on the specified section of the route.
Already, the permitted maximum speed on Russian highways of 130 km/h has allowed owners of category 1A roads to ensure the maximum speed limit in certain sections.
Thus, the Avtodor company, from August 1, 2017, on the M11 Moscow-St. Petersburg highway within the boundaries of 258 km - 334 km, set a speed limit of 130 km per hour. At this point the road bypasses the city of Vyshny Volochok.
According to information from the state company Avtodor, the same speed exists on two small sections of the Don-M4 road located in the Moscow region.
Let us remind you that drivers will be warned about the new speed limit on the road by road sign 3.24 “Maximum speed limit” with the number 130.
In 2009, by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, rules were established for the classification of roads and their categories were designated. According to traffic conditions and access possibilities, roads were divided into the following classes:
- motorway - road category 1A;
- expressway (category 1B);
- regular road (other categories are established).
The main difference between a motorway and an expressway is that a motorway does not have grade connections, while an expressway allows grade connections for access no more than 5 kilometers apart.
Roads of categories 1A and 1B also differ in design speed. For a motorway it is 150 km per hour, and for a highway it is 120 km per hour. Design speed is an indicator that indicates the maximum permissible speed in accordance with safe driving conditions.
Speed limits on certain sections of Russian highways are established after the owners have completed complex procedures that guarantee safe traffic and provide infrastructure with maximum comfort for its participants.
