› Checking and adjusting wheel alignment angles
Checking and adjusting wheel alignment angles is necessary to ensure good stability and controllability of the vehicle, as well as even tire wear during its operation. Checking and adjusting wheel alignment angles is carried out on special stands in accordance with the operating instructions.
Check the wheel alignment angles in a vehicle with a load of 70 kg on each front seat, with a half-filled fuel tank, normal air pressure in the tires, and no excessive play in the suspension components.
After installing the car on the stand, immediately before checking the toe-in, “press” the car’s suspension, applying a force of 392–490 N (40–50 kgf) two or three times, directed from top to bottom, first to the rear buffer and then to the front.
The discrepancy between the actual values measured on the vehicle and the reference values indicated below may be due to wear and deformation of suspension parts, as well as deformation of the body.
Front wheel alignment angles:
caster angle 1°48’±30’ camber angle 0°±30’ toe (0±3) mm
When checking and adjusting the front wheel alignment angles, first check the caster angle, then the camber angle, and lastly, the wheel toe-in.
Front wheel casting angle formed by a vertical and a line passing through the middle of the upper support of the telescopic strut and the center of the sphere of the ball joint mounted on the lower arm. Adjustment of the longitudinal inclination of the turning axis is not provided for by the design of the vehicle.
Front camber angle characterized by the deviation of the average plane of rotation of the wheel from the vertical. Adjustment of the camber angle of the front wheels is not provided for by the design of the car.
Front wheel alignment represents the angle between the plane of rotation of the wheel and the longitudinal axis of the car. The toe-in of the front wheels is adjusted by changing the length of the steering rods.
To ensure stability and controllability, the rear wheels of the Hyundai Accent are installed at certain angles relative to the body.
Rear wheel camber angle characterized by the deviation of the average plane of rotation of the wheel from the vertical. The camber angle of the rear wheels is 41’±30’.
Adjustment of the camber angle of the rear wheels is not provided for by the design of the car.
Rear wheel alignment adjusted by changing the position of the rear wishbones, which is achieved by rotating the adjusting bolts with eccentric washers. The nominal toe-in value of the rear wheels is (3±2) mm.
Rotating the adjusting bolt clockwise increases the toe-in of the rear wheels, and counterclockwise decreases it. The scale of the adjusting bolt is graduated in 2.4 mm (angular equivalent on one side is 14’).
The wheels of the car must be located parallel to the longitudinal axis of the car.
Diagnosis of Hyundai Accent wheel alignment in car services is carried out using computer systems. If the car is driven on poor quality roads, the interval between inspections is significantly reduced. Reasons for carrying out an urgent vehicle wheel alignment check may be:
- increased tire wear rate;
- uneven washing of the car;
- incorrect operation of the vehicle steering;
- vehicle evasion to the side when moving in a straight direction.
Before starting adjustments, a car service center must diagnose the condition of the car’s suspension. If the suspension is in poor condition or has defects, adjustment cannot be made. First of all, you need to troubleshoot.
The wheel alignment procedure will help reduce fuel consumption and also significantly reduce the rate of tire wear.
Prices for computer 3D wheel alignment
Adjusting front and rear wheels of Hyundai Accent
Before you begin adjusting the rear axle of the car, you need to calibrate the front wheels. The design of the rear wheels does not allow for changes to the standard camber characteristics, so they can only be monitored.
DDCAR car service provides high-quality diagnostics and wheel alignment services for Hyundai Porter cars. When you contact our service, you will be pleasantly surprised by affordable prices and prompt service.
Changing the wheel alignment angle by just half a degree leads to:
- uneven tire wear;
- tight rotation, violation of the steering wheel position;
- deflection of the car to the side when driving in a straight line.
Having noticed one of these symptoms, it’s time for the owner of a Hyundai Accent to go to our company’s car service center. It is impossible to independently adjust the angle of inclination: this requires specialized equipment.
When to make adjustments
Thanks to constant updates, Hyundai Accent is a leader among small cars in all respects. This does not in any way affect its price, which remains within affordable limits, or the need to periodically perform a car alignment.
Experts recommend visiting a car service center at least once a year or after a mileage of 12 thousand km. In the capital, these figures tend to be lower due to the worse operating conditions of the car. Tuning or repairing the suspension, replacing shock absorbers, installing new tires - all this is a reason to do a wheel alignment.
It is dangerous to delay calibration. At any moment, the car may not operate correctly in response to the driver’s actions, which will lead to an emergency.
Modern solution to the problem
Due to the design features of a foreign car, no other method is suitable for it other than a computerized wheel alignment. The necessary equipment and tools are available in our company. With their help, our employees carry out 3D wheel alignment. It is the most accurate method, eliminating the slightest errors.
The cost of our services looks much more attractive compared to competitors, so we invite you to visit our car service center. We work according to a convenient schedule, seven days a week, so we are waiting for you any day of the week!
Checking and adjusting the rear axle (camber and toe)
The camber and toe of the rear axle wheels are not adjustable. If a camber or alignment problem is detected, determine and eliminate the cause. If damaged, loose, bent or worn suspension parts are found, they must be repaired or replaced. If the problem is with the body, the body must be repaired to specification.
1. To correctly carry out measurements when checking the rear suspension adjustment, it is necessary to ensure that the following conditions are met:
– the tread on all tires must be worn evenly and within acceptable limits;
– the air pressure in both tires of the rear wheels must be the same;
– the wheel rims must be in good condition.
2. Preparing the car for inspection:
– place a load of 70 kg on the front seats;
– fill the fuel tank halfway;
– stabilize the springs by rocking the car on each side (especially if the car was previously on a lift). If this procedure is not carried out, the measured camber angle may be too large, because the rear axle will not return to its normal neutral position.
WARNING
When using rotary tables for testing that do not allow measuring lateral loads, you must first roll the vehicle 1 m back and then move it 1 m forward.
3. Measure the angles using an optical instrument. Camber and toe values:
– camber –З0’±30’;
– toe 1.5±1 mm.
Adjusting the clearance of the rear wheel hub bearings
Adjustment
1. Raise the vehicle so that the wheel to be adjusted rotates freely.
2. Remove the dust cap from the hub.
3. Remove the cotter pin from the wheel bearing castle nut. While rotating the wheel or brake disc, simultaneously tighten the nut with a torque of 25 N m ().
4. Loosen the nut until the thrust washer can be moved. Checking is done using a screwdriver: be careful not to bend or damage the washer while checking ().
WARNING
Do not rest the screwdriver on the wheel hub.
Optimal driving performance and minimal tire wear are only achieved if the wheel alignment is correct. In case of increased and uneven tire wear, as well as road incontinence - poor directional stability and insufficient cornering stability, you should contact a workshop to set the wheel alignment using optical methods.
Wheel alignment cannot be installed without the appropriate equipment. Therefore, only the basic concepts necessary to install a wheel alignment are described here.
Convergence
Toe-in is the angle by which the plane of the wheel deviates from the longitudinal axis of the car. Positive toe means that the wheels, when measured at their center heights, converge slightly closer at the front than at the rear. Negative toe means that the wheels at the front are more toe apart than the wheels at the rear.
On a Mercedes, both front and rear wheels have positive toe-in: front wheels - 0°25" (sports suspension 0°10"), rear wheels - 0°25".
Camber and lateral inclination of the steering knuckle pin
Front axle
The camber and lateral inclination of the steering knuckle pin reduce the transfer of shocks to the steering and provide minimal friction when cornering.
Camber is the angle by which the plane of the wheel deviates from the vertical. The front wheels, therefore, are further apart from each other at the point of contact with the road than at the top with negative camber. On a Mercedes, the front and rear wheels have negative camber.
The transverse inclination of the kingpin is the angle between the axis of rotation of the knuckle and the vertical at the point where the wheel is standing, when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the car.
The camber and lateral inclination of the steering knuckle joint together determine the so-called break-in shoulder. Thanks to appropriate design data, greater directional stability during braking is achieved, especially if the wheels are on different road surfaces (for example, if the left wheel is braking on a dry road and the right wheel on a wet road).
Longitudinal tilt of the kingpin back
The longitudinal inclination of the kingpin back is the angle between the axis of rotation of the fist and the vertical in the transverse direction. This tilt greatly affects the steering of the front wheels when driving in a straight line. A slight tilt favors deviations from the direction of travel when driving on bad roads or in crosswinds, and when turning, the steering wheel does not return well to the center position.
The longitudinal inclination along with the camber is adjusted using two eccentric bolts on the suspension arms.
Prerequisites for verification
– prescribed tire air pressure;
– the car is not loaded, but is prepared for the trip: a full tank, a spare tire and tools – all this should be included during the check;
– shake the suspension strongly beforehand;
– the steering wheel is straight;
– the play in the suspension arms has been adjusted;
– the play in the wheel bearings has been adjusted.
Checking/installing positive toe-in of the front wheels
Front wheel position seen from above
Precise wheel alignment installation should only be carried out in a company workshop. When tires wear on one side, the main thing to check is the alignment. The toe-in is checked if parts of the steering linkage have been removed. Alignment can be checked by relatively simple means.
The above prerequisites for verification must be met.
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