8.1. Before starting to move, change lanes, turn (U-turn) and stop, the driver is required to give signals with light direction indicators in the appropriate direction, and if they are missing or faulty - with his hand. When performing a maneuver, there should be no danger to traffic or interference with other road users.
The signal for a left turn (turn) corresponds to the left arm extended to the side or the right arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward. The right turn signal corresponds to the right arm extended to the side or the left arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward. The brake signal is given by raising your left or right hand.
8.2. The turn signal or hand signal must be given well in advance of the maneuver and cease immediately after completion (the hand signal may be terminated immediately before the maneuver). In this case, the signal should not mislead other road users.
Signaling does not give the driver an advantage or relieve him from taking precautions.
8.3. When entering the road from the adjacent territory, the driver must give way to vehicles and pedestrians moving along it, and when leaving the road - to pedestrians and cyclists whose movement path he crosses.
8.4. When changing lanes, the driver must give way to vehicles moving in the same direction without changing direction. When simultaneously changing lanes of vehicles moving in the same direction, the driver must give way to the vehicle on the right.
8.5. Before turning right, left or making a U-turn, the driver is obliged to take in advance the appropriate extreme position on the roadway intended for traffic in this direction, except in cases where a turn is made when entering an intersection where a roundabout is organized.
If there are tram tracks in the same direction on the left, located at the same level as the roadway, a left turn and a U-turn must be made from them, unless signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 or markings 1.18 prescribe a different movement order. In this case, there should be no interference with the tram.
(see text in the previous edition)
8.6. The turn must be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of roadways the vehicle does not end up on the side of oncoming traffic.
When turning right, the vehicle should move as close as possible to the right edge of the roadway.
8.7. If a vehicle, due to its size or for other reasons, cannot make a turn in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 8.5 of the Rules, it is allowed to retreat from them provided that traffic safety is ensured and if this does not interfere with other vehicles.
8.8. When turning left or making a U-turn outside an intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle must give way to oncoming vehicles and a tram in the same direction.
If, when turning outside an intersection, the width of the roadway is not sufficient to perform the maneuver from the extreme left position, it is allowed to be made from the right edge of the roadway (from the right shoulder). In this case, the driver must give way to passing and oncoming vehicles.
8.9. In cases where the trajectories of vehicles intersect, and the order of passage is not specified by the Rules, the driver to whom the vehicle is approaching from the right must give way.
8.10. If there is a braking lane, the driver intending to turn must change lanes in a timely manner and reduce speed only in this lane.
If there is an acceleration lane at the entrance to the road, the driver must move along it and change lanes into the adjacent lane, giving way to vehicles moving along this road.
Turning left is one of the most dangerous maneuvers, as it involves driving into oncoming traffic. Let's consider all the subtleties of its implementation.
Depending on whether you are driving on a main road or a secondary road, the procedure for making a left turn will differ in each case.
Green traffic light or main road
If you are driving through an intersection at a traffic light or when the road you are moving on is the main one, be sure to give way to all vehicles moving in the oncoming lane.
This is the main difference between a left turn and a right turn, in which you do not have to cross the lane of oncoming traffic.
When approaching an intersection where you need to turn left, get into the far left lane and turn on the left turn signal.
Slowly approach the center of the intersection, continuing to move in your lane.
If there is no oncoming traffic or it is far enough away, there is no need to get to the very center of the intersection - you can turn left and start making a left turn, having barely passed the intersection of roadways with your front wheels (trajectory 1).
In this case, the turning radius will be quite large, without requiring active steering, and the turning speed will be moderately high.
If there are vehicles moving in the oncoming lane in the immediate vicinity, stop about 2 meters before the geometric center of the intersection or the axis of the road being crossed - whatever you want to call it.
This will provide space for the car to roll out before making a turn.
When the vehicle you are planning to perform the maneuver enters the intersection, shift into gear and start driving with straight wheels.
After passing an oncoming car, turn the steering wheel to the left while moving and make a left turn (trajectory 2).
This turning technique will make it possible to cross oncoming traffic faster and eliminate the possibility that the car will get stuck in the middle of the intersection with the engine stalled while moving away.
After completing the left turn maneuver, be sure to yield to pedestrians crossing the road at the crosswalk beyond the intersection.
Equivalent intersection
Despite the fact that small intersections with relatively low traffic volumes are of equal importance, performing a left turn maneuver at them is quite difficult, since it involves the need to cross three lanes at once with different directions of traffic.
When approaching the intersection and , give way to pedestrians at the crosswalk at the beginning of the intersection and to cars approaching the intersection on your right.
Do not drive into the middle of an intersection while waiting for oncoming traffic to pass, as you may be in danger of being hit by traffic from your left or right.
Before starting to make a left turn, it is better to stay in front of the intersection of roadways and only after making sure that the maneuver is safe, enter the intersection and make a left turn in one go.
Secondary road and "Give way" sign
You will be notified that you are approaching an intersection on a secondary road using a “Give Way” sign posted in front of the intersection.
An integral condition for its safe passage is the obligatory yielding of the road to absolutely all traffic participants (cars and pedestrians).
Having approached the line of intersection of roadways, stopping and making sure that with your maneuver you are clear of other vehicles, make a left turn, being sure to let pedestrians pass both in front of and behind the intersection.
Good luck to you! No nail, no rod!
If you recently passed your license or simply forgot the traffic rules, let's refresh your memory and remember which points of the traffic rules you need to follow when making a left turn and a U-turn at an intersection. Or test it yourself online
Considering that intersections are different, at each of them you should clearly understand the trajectories of permitted traffic to pass through intersections without violating traffic rules. Otherwise, you can cause an accident or lose your driver's license.
Turn left and turn around at an intersection
The most important rule when making turns and U-turns at intersections is: when leaving the intersection of roadways, your car should not end up in the oncoming lane. To understand this rule, you first need to understand what the intersection of roadways is.
In the figure, dotted lines indicate intersections of roadways. There are 4 of them at this intersection, because there are dividing strips. If there were no dividing strips at this intersection, there would be only one intersection of roadways - an area combining areas 1,2,3,4 in the figure.
U-turn at an intersection
To commit U-turn at an intersection with median strips, you must first take the extreme left position. That is, before reaching area 1, we occupy the leftmost lane (near the median) and turn on the turn signal.
If you start turning around in a small radius, then you will immediately end up in the area between areas 1 and 4 (where the red dot is drawn). This area is no longer an intersection of roadways, which means you will find yourself in the lane of oncoming traffic - this is a violation and is punishable by a fine and deprivation of your license.
In order to correctly make a U-turn at the indicated intersection without violating traffic rules, you need to cross square 1 in a straight line and stop at the beginning of square 2 (in its lower left corner). Then you must be sure to give way to oncoming traffic. Only after this can you turn around, sequentially crossing squares 3 and 4.
Thus, after leaving the intersection of roadways (after leaving any area - 1,2,3 or 4) you do not find yourself in the lane of oncoming traffic, and therefore do not violate this paragraph of the rules.
When turning left, the same rules apply. The most important thing is not to drive into oncoming traffic. The figure shows the trajectories of movement at an intersection when turning to pass oncoming traffic of cars also turning left.
To make a turn, you must enter the intersection of roadways before reaching the center of the intersection so that you can pass oncoming traffic. Be careful - you must let oncoming cars go straight, and because of the oncoming cars turning, they are hard to see. Usually in such cases you need to wait until the view opens, make sure that there are no oncoming cars and make a turn.
In practice, it happens that they turn from two lanes at once, and drive straight into the middle of the intersection or even further. If you are interfered with, do not succumb to provocations, act according to the situation, but do not drive into the oncoming lane.
You can stop a little earlier, or you can not go to the intersection at all if there is a traffic jam there. By the way, according to the rules, you cannot go to such an intersection. You must first make sure that the traffic is normal and you will not create additional obstacles if you drive into the intersection.
Traffic rules, clause 8.5, second paragraph. If there are tram tracks of the same direction on the left at the same level as the roadway, a left turn and a U-turn must be made from them, unless signs or markings prescribe a different movement order. This should not interfere with the tram.
In the figure we see that the signs indicate traffic lanes at this intersection. To turn left, use the far left lane. It is also used to move straight. This means that according to the rules, you need to make a U-turn from the far left lane, without driving onto the tram tracks.
When turning, you must make sure that there is no tram in the same direction, and if there is one in the left rear-view mirror, then let it pass. Then you must let trams from the opposite direction pass, the flow of oncoming cars and only then turn around.
Pay attention to the reversal trajectories indicated in the figure. There is only one intersection of roadways here, so you can make a U-turn along a small radius.
In practice, in the city you can make a U-turn from tram tracks in the same direction. With a large flow of cars, in this case two lanes are freed up for traffic and no congestion is created. On the other hand, this may interfere with a tram in the same direction, so before leaving on the tram tracks, be sure to make sure that it is not nearby. Otherwise, in the city you can often see a picture when a tram is standing at an intersection and cannot pass due to cars crowding around the turn, although it has priority and must pass first.
To make a U-turn outside an intersection on a road with tram tracks, you first need to make sure that there are no trams in the same direction by looking in the rearview mirror. Then you need to go onto the tram tracks in the same direction, and, if necessary, stop to let oncoming trams and the flow of oncoming cars pass. Having passed them and made sure that the maneuver is safe, you can safely turn around without violating traffic rules.
So, we have looked at the main options for U-turns and left turns at intersections with and without tram tracks. In conclusion, I will give an excerpt from the traffic rules about where a U-turn is prohibited.
Traffic regulations, clause 8.11. U-turn is prohibited:
— at pedestrian crossings;
— in tunnels;
— on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and under them;
— at railway crossings;
— in places with visibility of the road in at least one direction less than 100 m;
— in places where route vehicles stop.
Do not violate traffic rules and turn around correctly, then the risk of getting into an accident is minimal, and there is also nothing to fine you for. It’s always nice to follow the rules, because when you are confident on the road, you are calm, and calm and composure on the road are very important things.
Intersections at which the order of passage is controlled by a traffic light or a traffic controller are considered regulated. They teach about this almost in the first lessons at a driving school, but then - more. Some newcomers, when initially traveling into the city, forget that the traffic light must operate in three-color mode, and if only yellow is on or the device on the pole does not work at all, then there is no talk of any adjustment. And with a person in uniform with a white and black baton, everything is also not easy: a traffic police officer may not be involved in regulation at all, but simply monitor compliance with traffic rules.
The most important rules for driving through a controlled intersection are:
Any priority signs do not work;
there is no major or minor path;
the “interference from the right” principle does not work.
General rules
1. When turning in any direction, the driver must yield to pedestrians crossing the road he is turning onto at the crossing. This also applies to cyclists who continue to ride along the edge of the roadway or in the forward direction. The exception is when a separate traffic light is responsible for pedestrian traffic. Accordingly, when turning at the moment of a prohibitory signal for pedestrians, the driver does not need to give way to them.
2. According to traffic regulations, driving through controlled intersections with the resulting traffic jam is prohibited if the driver has to stop at the intersection of roads. After all, this creates an obstacle for other cars moving in the transverse direction. However, if at such intersections the driver makes a turn or a U-turn, you can drive onto them. In the case where you plan to move in the direction of a traffic jam, you need to stop before entering the intersection and resume driving only when there is free space behind the intersection.
3. At any controlled intersection of roadways, special vehicles with an activated siren and blue or blue-red flashing lights have priority. Moreover, regardless of traffic light regulations, signs and markings, other drivers are obligated to clearly yield to such special vehicles.
Travel in forward direction
Such a trajectory usually does not cause difficulties. The rules for driving through controlled intersections when driving straight ahead, subject to the permitting traffic light signal, provide the opportunity not to give way to other cars. However, there are always exceptions. In addition to the already mentioned vehicles with sirens and flashing lights, priority is given to cars, buses and trams that finish their maneuver at the intersection. And if the driver has already entered the intersection of roadways, but at that time the prohibitory signal comes on, you must not prevent him from leaving in the intended direction.
Secondly, you should give way to trams that are in equal conditions. Why? Because quite often, when making a right turn, because of the tram tracks running in the middle of the road, they have to cross the path of other types of transport that are traveling in the forward direction. The same rule applies to oncoming rail traffic making a left turn.
Right turn
In terms of complexity, this maneuver is in second place after driving straight. Since we have right-hand traffic, controlled intersections that require a right turn are considered quite safe. If only because it is not accompanied by an intersection with the trajectories of other vehicles. In extreme cases, these trajectories can merge. However, as always, there are some subtleties here too.
Pedestrians. According to the rules, they need to yield when the traffic light permits. In fact - do not create interference. Therefore, if the driver still continues to drive at a certain speed, but does not force pedestrians to change their speed or direction, then it is considered that this clause of the traffic rules has not been violated. Conversely, the driver is obliged to refuse to continue driving or maneuver if it interferes with pedestrians. That is, when you cannot pass without interference, you need to either slow down or stop completely.
Merging trajectories with oncoming cars driving to the left . In this situation, the car turning right has the right of way.
Trajectory. When driving through controlled intersections, turns (turns to the right) must be made in such a way that when completing the maneuver, the car does not drive into the oncoming lane. To do this, you just need to choose the right speed and move as close as possible to the right edge of the roadway.
That is, when moving to the right, there should not be any special difficulties. You just need to give way to pedestrians and follow the principle “from the far right section of the road to the far right.”
Left turn
It is deservedly considered a dangerous maneuver among novice drivers. And yet, driving through controlled intersections (turning left), subject to certain rules, can be done quite simply and safely.
Firstly, you immediately need to select the transport that has priority. It has already been described in the general rules for moving straight and to the right, so there is no point in repeating it. Since such vehicles are in a privileged position, the role of the “injured party” should be the one who needs a left turn. Of course, do not forget about allowing pedestrians.
Secondly, you need to remember about cars in the oncoming lane, also performing a maneuver to the left. In this case, the “meeting” of two cars when passing takes place on the right “side” - this is necessary to ensure greater throughput of the intersection. However, such an idea has a bad effect on traffic safety, if only because cars stopped at the intersection of roadways, especially those with large dimensions, block each other’s visibility zone of cars traveling in the forward direction. And in order not to be involved in an emergency, safe drive through regulated intersections to the left must take into account the following nuances.
When the prohibiting traffic light signal has changed to a permissive one, we give way to vehicles that are finishing their passage. Next, a little before reaching the center of the road intersection, we stop and, if necessary, let through trackless and rail vehicles traveling in the opposite direction. In this case, it is recommended to park your car at a slight angle to the center line. This is not always possible, especially if the roadway is narrow. And we complete the turn, going around the dividing strip.
When stopping at the center of an intersection, the driver must look in the direction of the greatest danger - in this case, it comes from the oncoming direction. At the same time, you should monitor the traffic lights to see which light is on. Driving through signalized intersections can be made easier if:
The traffic light will begin to switch, and then the oncoming traffic will stop; this will give a chance to make a maneuver;
A “gap” may form in the oncoming traffic, which will also allow you to make a left turn without causing interference.
Following the traffic rules, the passage of regulated intersections must be planned in such a way that when leaving the intersection of roads you do not end up on a section of the opposite direction. And it is quite logical that if there are several lanes on the road in the same direction, it is permissible to complete the maneuver in any of them. However, ideally, it is better to act according to the principle “from lane to lane” - the one you started with is the one you finish with. The reason for this is that, moving along a curved path, passing a controlled intersection to the left will be accompanied by a reflection in the side mirror that is not exactly the sector that the driver needs to see.
conclusions
To develop stable and safe skills for driving through controlled intersections, good knowledge of traffic rules and exclusively practice are required. Private driving instructors are always ready to help with driving training, who individually “pull up” certain components of driving in inexperienced drivers. Prices are average, the quality of services is beyond doubt. On the site you can find contact information not only for male driving instructors, but also for female ones, who in terms of professionalism are no different from their brutal colleagues.
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When getting behind the wheel of a car, you must strictly follow all traffic rules on the roads prescribed by law. Otherwise, the violation will result in the driver being subject to fines. And also, failure to comply with generally accepted standards may lead to the creation of an emergency situation, the consequences of which can be very different.
Some circumstances while driving cause confusion among drivers, for example, regarding the rules of turning left and turning around when driving at an intersection.
The fundamental rule of traffic rules when making turns at intersections is that the vehicle should not get on the road opposite to its direction.
In order to make a left turn according to the rules, you need to get to the place where the roadways intersect, but at the same time there must be a distance to the center of the fork, which is necessary to be able to miss vehicles on the oncoming lane.
In this case, special care must be taken, since vehicles heading straight have the advantage in traffic, but visibility becomes limited due to cars that are turning. It would be best to wait for the moment when the visibility becomes sufficient, and then, if there are no obstacles, make a turn.
As practice shows, circumstances often arise when, while turning, an obstacle is created from another row. Drivers of other cars, in a hurry, often start cutting off, and many, without keeping their distance, drive to the middle of the fork, creating emergency situations. But you shouldn’t prove anything, especially by moving to the opposite lane. Since such actions are fraught with the creation of an accident. You need to act according to the current situation; you can slow down a little earlier, or not go directly to the intersection at all if it is difficult to navigate. After all, according to the traffic rules, a left turn can be made when traffic becomes normal and the car does not create additional interference.
U-turn on tram tracks
When making a turn at an intersection where there are tram tracks, first of all, you need to make sure that there is no tram moving in the same direction by looking in the rear-view mirrors. After this, wait for the absence of trams with oncoming traffic, as well as similar cars, and then make a U-turn.
Sometimes, inexperienced drivers think that they will have time to pass first, and the oncoming car or tram is still far away. But, unfortunately, the reality is that such maneuvers can lead to irreversible consequences.
Rules for turning left at an intersection
When performing certain maneuvers, you need to know the prescribed traffic rules so as not to create emergency situations and not break the law.
In particular, the traffic rules for turning left provide for the following points:
- Preparing to turn. It is necessary to think through this maneuver in advance, that is, decide which lane to choose for further movement. When planning to turn left, you should change lanes to the far left on the side of the roadway in the same direction. If there are markings separating oncoming traffic, you should move closer to the marking line, which will determine the left position of the car.
- Directly turn. You need to strictly follow the chosen direction and not cut corners. Because this will interfere with the movement of oncoming cars.
- Choice of trajectory. Traffic regulations will be fully observed when the trajectory is built in such a way that traffic passes clearly through the center of the intersection. This movement will allow you to stay on your side of the road all the time.
- After the maneuver. Having completed the turn, you can find yourself on a road that has either one or several lanes. It is worth remembering that the rules do not specify specific behavior in a given situation. That is, you can go to any convenient lane, and then change lanes to the lane that is needed.
Situations with a one-time turn
In practice, cases of oncoming traffic at a fork are quite common.
When this situation occurs:
- if driving is permitted and prohibited by certain traffic lights;
- if the movement occurs along the main road at an unregulated fork, and the road does not change its course;
- if traffic occurs on a secondary highway with an unregulated intersection, while the main road is not occupied and its direction changes;
- when crossing equivalent intersections when the road is clear.
When a one-time turn to the left occurs, drivers adhere to the main unspoken condition: if the intersection is small, then the crossing is made with the left sides of the car, if it is large, then with the right.
On roads, unexpected circumstances often arise, so you need to act according to the situation, while following the rules. But it is also worth remembering about those situations where such a maneuver is prohibited. In such places, as a rule, there is a road sign or prohibiting markings informing drivers about this.
You need to know that turning around is prohibited:
- in tunnels;
- at pedestrian crossings;
- at railway crossings and bridges;
- at stopping points intended for public transport;
- in areas where visibility is less than 100 m.
By following all traffic rules on highways, the driver can always be sure that he is right, even if he gets into a traffic accident. If, when making a left turn at an intersection, you maintain the required distance and do not cut off other vehicles, then the possibility of getting into an accident can be minimized.
