If the calculation of the average operating fuel consumption of a UAZ with a ZMZ-409 engine, discussed in the material, showed that the consumption is very high, then it is necessary to look for the reasons and take measures to normalize it. Extremely unpleasant from the financial side, increased fuel consumption also indicates problems with the engine or its systems, which can at any time lead to a breakdown and even greater financial investments in repairs.

And another parameter that should be taken into account is fuel consumption in idle mode. For a warm ZMZ-409 engine, its normal values are in the range of 1.3-1.5 liters per hour. Also determined using the on-board computer or. If the value is above 1.5 l/hour, then this indirectly indicates a malfunction in the fuel injection system or engine management system.

Electronic engine control unit.

Due to various deviations in characteristics and failures of sensors and actuators of the control system, the control unit accumulates false adaptive data (self-learning parameters), which can ultimately lead to deterioration in engine performance, including causing increased fuel consumption. Therefore, you can try resetting these adaptation parameters. This operation often leads to the restoration of normal engine functioning.

For the ZMZ-409 Euro-2 engine.

The self-learning parameters of the control unit can be reset by disconnecting the battery for more than two minutes. After connecting the battery, in order for the control system to self-learn, it is necessary to warm up the engine to operating temperature, let it idle, and then for one to two hours allow the vehicle to move at partial loads with moderate acceleration until its normal operating performance is restored.

For the ZMZ-409 engine Euro-3 and higher.

When the battery is disconnected, the self-learning parameters of the control unit are not lost; they can only be forcibly reset using a scanner tester. Repeated self-learning of the control unit may require several hours of engine operation in various modes.

Oxygen sensor or lambda probe.

The engine control unit regulates the composition of the air-fuel mixture mainly based on signals, and accordingly, the average fuel consumption of the vehicle directly depends on the serviceability and condition of this sensor.

Possible reasons for incorrect operation of the oxygen sensor.

— the tip of the sensor with the sensitive element, located in an aggressive exhaust gas environment, may partially melt or become clogged
— the sensor may not work correctly if the composition of the exhaust gases is not standard, for example, it contains excess engine oil vapors
— the sensor has lost activity and requires replacement, as it is at the limit of its sensitivity

Moreover, these reasons will not necessarily be recorded by the on-board self-diagnosis system as . Therefore, first you can try to disconnect the sensor from the wiring harness and check whether fuel consumption will decrease or not.

If it drops, you need to replace the oxygen sensor with a new one or eliminate the reasons for its incorrect operation. For example, oil getting into the engine cylinders can be externally determined by the blue exhaust. An extended check of the health of the oxygen sensor is discussed in detail in the material.

Mass air flow sensor.

For various reasons, its characteristics may differ from the nominal ones, which leads to incorrect formation of the composition of the air-fuel mixture and, in turn, affects the operation of the lambda probe. The procedure for checking the serviceability of the mass air flow sensor is discussed in detail in the material.

Knock sensor.

Due to a malfunction of the knock sensor or its circuits, the control unit can receive false data from it in the form of constant detonation, and in turn automatically reduce the ignition timing, which can significantly worsen engine efficiency. Checking the serviceability of the knock sensor is discussed in detail in the material.

Fuel injectors.

They may not work correctly due to leakage due to a weakened spring or dirt getting under the valve seat, or due to increased pressure in the fuel rail. Checking the tightness of the fuel injector valve can be carried out, but a general check of the injectors for correct atomization and fuel supply should be carried out on specialized equipment at a service station.

In 1996, the Gorky Automobile Plant presented a new modification of the middle class sedan - GAZ-3110. The model is a continuation of the modernized Volga line, which was based on the predecessor GAZ-31029. The car was not only externally transformed, but also received advanced technical equipment, previously unavailable to older versions of the car. Already in 1999, the first restyling was carried out, during which the Volga underwent significant changes in design: the wings, roof shape and bumper became more refined.

In 2003, they decided to refine the sedan once again, but this time the engineers’ efforts were aimed at improving the technical component. The body began to be primed and painted taking into account the latest technologies, thus, the manufacturer managed to increase its resistance to corrosion. The model received public attention from car enthusiasts for its endurance and capacity. The only relevant question is what is the fuel consumption of the GAZ-3110 per 100 km.

Consumption rate: what numbers did the manufacturer assure?

The Volga line of power units includes five different assemblies with a displacement from 2.3 to 2.5 liters. The most popular were versions of the car with the legendary 402 engine, which was equipped not only with cars of the Volga family, but also with the Latvia family of minibuses. The engine power is 100 horsepower, which allows the vehicle to reach a speed of 100 km/h in 15 seconds. For that time, this was a truly outstanding indicator. After some time, the GAZ-3110 began to be equipped with an injection ZMZ-406.

Official fuel consumption rates in the urban/extra-urban cycle:

ZMZ-402 – 13/9 liters;
ZMZ-4021 – 12/8 liters;
ZMZ-406 – 11.5/7.5 liters.

ZMZ-4021 is characterized by lower power - 90 horsepower. Due to technical changes, the 2.4-liter engine began to consume less gasoline, but the official standard was still at a fairly high level, which did not suit many domestic drivers. The GAZ-560 and GAZ-5601 turbodiesel power units, produced under the Stery license, were less popular. People's distrust of the quality of diesel fuel has left its mark on the number of sales of GAZ-3110 modifications with a diesel engine under the hood. Due to the low level of diesel fuel consumption - 8 liters in the city, there was still a small demand for them.

Fuel consumption of GAZ-3110 "Volga" according to owner reviews

The maintainability of the Volga and the presence of powerful power units, coupled with a reasonable price, are the main factors contributing to the interest of potential buyers in purchasing this car. GAZ-3110 engines, aggregated with a 5-speed manual transmission, are quite reliable and unpretentious. Their dynamism is not a significant advantage today. But increased “gluttony” is a serious drawback. To determine the real level of fuel consumption of the GAZ-3110 Volga, it is best to turn to the reviews of car owners who have experienced all the advantages and disadvantages of the car from their own experience.

Modification with carburetor

Yuri, Kursk. I work in, I myself drive a GAZ-3110 with a 402 carburetor. The expense is high and not everyone will like it. But I like the power of this car, it gives me a feeling of freedom or something. In the winter I somehow got stuck in a traffic jam, and it was a nervous day – I ended up burning 16 liters. True, such cases are isolated and extremely rare. Mostly I fill up with 92 liter gasoline, it burns 13-14 liters in the worst case. On the highway at a speed of 120 km/h it “eats” 9 liters per 100 km.
Georgy, Tula. I have owned the car since 1998. The engine has never even been opened yet. Very reliable and stable car. It often breaks due to small things, but getting the necessary parts is not difficult. Moreover, everything is repaired independently, in the garage, in a good environment. The engine is powerful, about 100 horses, as soon as you step on the gas it takes off. But it also “eats” according to its character - 12 liters per hundred in warm weather, up to 15 liters in winter, taking into account warming up.
Maxim, Ekaterinburg. I got the car from my father, I drive it literally every day. 5-speed gearbox, ZMZ-4021 engine. When the engine is completely drained, about 16 liters burn in the city. In the suburban cycle, the figures are more adequate - 12 liters per 100 km on average. Although, this is also a rather large indicator. I don't really want to part with this car. I think maybe I should switch to gas?
Stanislav. Many people are interested in the question: what is the fuel consumption of a GAZ-3110 with a 402 carburetor? I will give some recommendations and practical advice based on my experience, and my experience is not that small! I have been driving a Volga for more than thirty years; there have been various modifications and models. Today I work on a GAZ-3110 - an attractive car, for various reasons, which has not been able to fully reveal its potential. I always refueled with AI-92, on the highway it consumes about 13-14 liters! I like to drive fast - hence the result. The city is full guard for those who like to save money - less than 16 liters per hundred almost does not “eat”. With warming up in winter, the figure can generally reach 18 liters.

According to reviews from owners of the GAZ-3110 modification with the ZMZ-402 and ZMZ-4021 carburetor engines, it can be noted that the standard certified by the manufacturer in rare cases corresponds to reality. For the most part, drivers record their car's gasoline consumption at 15-16 liters for every 100 km.

Modification with injector

Valentin, Cheboksary. I drive a 2003 Volga with a 406 injection engine. The tank is set to 70 liters. The car is spacious, comfortable, and the engine is strong and quite reliable. I have already done a major overhaul; before that, it had covered about 300 thousand kilometers. Gasoline consumes a maximum of 13 liters per 100 km in the city during severe frosts, and on average 10 liters. In the warm season, the car’s “appetite” is much less – 9 liters is the upper limit. I'm aiming for 8.2-8.3 per hundred. On the highway 8 liters, if you “flood” it well.
Sergey, Moscow. Before purchasing a domestic vehicle, I also looked for answers to the question of what is the fuel consumption of a GAZ-3110 with a 406 injector. I decided to buy a new version so as not to tinker with the car in the future. I monitor the tire pressure; this factor plays an important role in the level of fuel consumption of the Volga. At a pressure of 2.5 throughout the year, the lowest levels of “gluttony” are 8-9 liters per 100 km in Moscow. In traffic jams and in winter it’s often 10 liters, but, in my opinion, this is not critical. Tires R15 195/65.
Maxim, Saratov. I have a car with a ZMZ-406 engine, injector, 5-speed manual transmission, mileage 168,000 km. It produces about 11-12 liters in the city, on the highway up to 10 liters. I sometimes drive loaded, the listed indicators are at full/partial load. Empty I can get up to ten liters per 100 km. The car is good, roomy, but it eats too much.
Alexander, Irkutsk. I recently purchased a Volga 406 engine, 5-speed, with a mileage of 200 thousand km. Consumption from the very beginning of operation was around 12-13 liters, as for trips within the city. In summer, the “appetite” somewhat dulls and drops to a more or less acceptable 9.5-10 liters. But it was still expensive for me to refuel the car with such frequency, so I decided to switch to gas and installed LPG. Now on average it burns 16 liters - not significant, but a saving. Of course, power figures have dropped slightly.

Due to the introduction of a dual injection system by the manufacturer, it was really possible to reduce the level of fuel consumption of the car. The efficiency indicators of the injection engine are noticeable: consumption has decreased from 15 liters in the carburetor version of the ZMZ-402 to an actual 10-11 liters. A slight overconsumption is observed in winter; drivers note an increased “appetite” of the car due to warming up and downtime in traffic jams. In general, the stated official norm corresponds to reality.

Many people are familiar with the ZMZ 409 engine, because it can easily be found on the UAZ Patriot, for example. Only the lazy don't criticize the engine. Low power with a volume of 2.7 liters, high fuel consumption, a complex timing system with a chain drive and a 16-valve mechanism. They tried to modernize the 409 engine more than once. Recently, another version of the 409 ZMZ motor appeared, this is ZMZ PRO. Essentially the same inline 4 cylinder 16 valve engine running on gasoline. But according to its creators, this is a real breakthrough. After all, the power was increased to 149 hp. with the possibility of increasing to 160 horses! Torque increased to 235 Nm.

In addition, ZMZ PRO will be offered from the factory in two versions at once - petrol and petrol/gas. Universally available liquefied gas (propane-butane) will be used as gas engine fuel. It was possible to increase power due to a lightweight piston group, increasing the compression ratio and reconfiguring the valve timing.

Characteristics of the ZMZ PRO engine (ZMZ 409-051)

Working volume – 2693 cm3 Number of cylinders – 4 Number of valves – 16 Cylinder diameter – 95.5 mm Piston stroke – 94 mm Power hp. – 149.6 at 5000 rpm Power kW – 110 at 5000 rpm Torque – 235 Nm at 2650 rpm Compression ratio – 9.8 Timing drive – chain Fuel type – AI 92 gasoline

Characteristics of the ZMZ PRO engine (ZMZ 409-052)

Working volume – 2693 cm3 Number of cylinders – 4 Number of valves – 16 Cylinder diameter – 95.5 mm Piston stroke – 94 mm Power hp. – 143 at 5000 rpm Power kW – 105 at 5000 rpm Torque – 227 Nm at 2650 rpm Compression ratio – 9.8 Timing drive – chain Fuel type – gasoline AI 92/Gas (propane-butane)

In September 2017, in Moscow, at the Crocus Expo exhibition complex, the International Exhibition of Commercial Vehicles Comtrans 2017 was held. At this exhibition, UAZ showed a new commercial vehicle, the UAZ-Profi, which was equipped with a new ZMZ-PRO engine. The new engine is naturally a good (hopefully) reworked old ZMZ-409.

At this compression ratio, it is supposed to be filled with 95-octane gasoline. Which is not very good for commercial vehicles. But the Gas-Gasoline modification appeared. This engine is abbreviated ZMZ-409052. The equipment is Italian, the brains are accordingly tuned to dual-fuel mode.

The single-row chain that broke on the Patriots was finally replaced with a double-row. (who remembers, the double-row chain was on EURO-3, they returned so to speak) The tension shoes went away and sprockets appeared again. Hydraulic tensioners INA, OTHERWISE it will break this chain too :)

The rollers are also imported. The pan gasket is now metal. This should prevent oil leakage.

New valves. The valve timing has changed. The gearbox was “adapted” to the new engine. But what exactly has changed is still unknown. We established a warranty on the engine for 2 years or 200 thousand km. Wait and see!

Manufacturer Features and Expectations

The ZMZ company expects success from the ZMZ Pro engine. This power unit should be the best in the entire line. As it became known, GAZ plans to resume production of the Volga and wants to install the new 409 engine in the updated passenger version. It is worth understanding that these are just unconfirmed rumors that may not come true. The new ZMZ 409 Pro will for now be installed on cargo versions of vehicles of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant. If the engine becomes successful, it could significantly undermine sales of Gazel NEXT, because it’s not for nothing that the engine began to be called the “Gazelle killer.” But let's wait and see what happens. Mass production and operation of the ZMZ 409 Pro engine will show how successful the manufacturer’s expectations and promises will be. For now, one can only assume that the designers took into account the bitter experience of its older brother and actually modernized the engine, which brought it closer to international quality and standards. The preliminary rating of the power unit is 7 out of 10 points.

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Fuel consumption of the Gazelle 406, carburetor - different sources provide different data. In the article we will look at what types of engines there are for the Gazelle 406, and how they differ in key indicators: fuel consumption per hundred kilometers, advantages and disadvantages, factors that affect fuel consumption and how, is it possible to reduce the number of liters of fuel consumed.

Factors on which fuel consumption depends

There are a number of factors affecting the fuel consumption of a Gazelle car:

fuel consumption primarily depends on the driver himself;
timely speed switching;
frequent stops along the way;
proper condition of the car;
high-quality fuels and lubricants;
minimal use of additional functions.

If the speed of the Gazelle corresponds to the acceptable parameters, then the problem of increasing the number of liters of gasoline, diesel or gas used can be avoided. You should also limit the number of sudden stops and starts.

One of the important factors is that when starting to move, it is necessary to switch to a higher gear as soon as possible. This will also significantly reduce the use of fuel and lubricants.

If you live in a metropolis, you should be aware in advance of the presence of traffic jams along your route, since you can stand in traffic jams for several hours. In this case, the Gazelle engine does not turn off and, accordingly, fuel consumption increases. It is better to choose a longer road, but at the same time you can save on fuel.

What else should you pay attention to?

It is always necessary to maintain your vehicle in good condition. All systems and parts must be adjusted and not produce any extraneous noise. If you use two types of fuel at the same time, you should not turn off the pump that is responsible for supplying gasoline to the system to prevent failure of the entire system. Also, you should leave a certain amount of gasoline in the tank so that it is enough to warm up the car every day. And do not allow the internal parts to dry out.

If possible, you should use only fuels and lubricants recommended by the factories that produced Gazelle. Because if you use materials of lower quality and not intended for this type of engine, the engine will quickly fail.

Perhaps few people have thought about it and know about it, but driving with the windows open also increases fuel consumption. Although, if in hot weather you close the windows and use air conditioning, then using the latter increases fuel consumption by more than fifteen percent.

The use of additional equipment such as radios, radios, all kinds of chargers, glass and seat heaters should also be reduced to a minimum.

By taking into account all these factors, which in one way or another affect the number of liters of fuel consumed, you can significantly reduce the fuel consumption of your Gazelle and thereby reduce your costs and save money.

Also important is the following:

What area do you live in - a metropolis, a city or a sparsely populated rural area.
What condition is your Gazelle in?
Do you use additional devices and accessories?
What climate conditions do you live in?

How does this affect fuel consumption and how much?

So, if you are a resident of a large city and constantly have to stand in traffic jams for many hours, then be prepared that fuel consumption will increase by more than twenty-five percent. For residents of villages and towns, this figure can increase to only ten percent per hundred kilometers.

For a Gazelle with a mileage of more than one hundred thousand kilometers, fuel consumption increases by no more than five percent, and for Gazelles with a mileage of more than one hundred and fifty thousand kilometers, fuel consumption will increase by ten percent.

The amount of fuel consumed is naturally affected by the frequent use of air conditioning, radio, additional heating devices, and additional trailers. For example, when using a trailer, fuel consumption will increase by two percent.

If you live in very harsh climatic conditions, when the air temperature in winter drops to -40 o C, then be prepared for the fact that consumption increases by more than twenty percent.

Types of engines and fuel consumption

Gazelles 406 come with several engine models, which allows you to choose a more economical car model in terms of fuel consumption. It is also possible to install LPG equipment together with a gasoline engine, which allows the use of two types of fuel.

Main types of engines

The following types of engines are installed on the Gazelle 406:

Injection. The fuel consumption of the ZMZ 406 injection Gazelle is minimal compared to other types of engines.
Carburetor.
Petrol. The most cost-effective option. Gazelle gasoline consumption per 100 km is within twelve liters.

Fuel consumption for different types of engines

Fuel consumption in the injection Gazelle 406 per 100 km (GAZ 3302) with an engine capacity of 2.3 liters is, according to the standards, eleven liters.

The fuel consumption of a carburetor Gazelle (GAZ 33023 farmer) with an engine capacity of 2.2 liters is eleven and a half liters per hundred kilometers. The main disadvantage of a carburetor engine is that installing an LPG requires a large amount of effort and money, which makes it almost impossible to convert a VAZ carburetor engine to gas.

Gasoline consumption for a Gazelle with a 406 engine (carburetor) (GAZ 33027 4WD) with an engine capacity of 2.28 liters is twelve and a half liters per hundred kilometers.

Although Gazelle's gasoline consumption rates per 100 km may fluctuate up or down depending on external factors.

The real fuel consumption of the Gazelle in the city can increase significantly depending on the density of population and the condition of the roads. When there are traffic jams or heavy traffic, the car travels at a slow speed, which leads to increased fuel costs.

The average fuel consumption of the Gazelle on the highway is within the stated standards, since here it is possible to adhere to the speed limit. And if your car is not too loaded and you adhere to all the rules for using additional devices, then you should not worry about excessive fuel consumption.

Ways to reduce the amount of fuel consumed

Having considered all the points that in one way or another affect the fuel consumption of the Gazelle 406 carburetor, we should highlight some methods by using which you can reduce the amount of fuel consumed. Necessary:

adhere to the maximum permissible driving speed;
in addition to the gasoline engine, install an LPG, which will allow you to alternately use two types of fuel;
always maintain the car in technically sound condition;
avoid malfunctions, check all components and parts of the fuel supply system for cracks and breaks;
check the fuel tank for integrity, prevent leakage of fuel and lubricants;
carry out tuning of the Gazelle after a certain number of kilometers stated in the technical passport.

Engine ZMZ 409 2.7 l.

Characteristics of the ZMZ-409 engine

Production	ZMZ
Engine make	ZMZ-409
Years of manufacture	2001-present day
Cylinder block material	cast iron
Supply system	injector
Type	in-line
Number of cylinders	4
Valves per cylinder	4
Piston stroke, mm	94
Cylinder diameter, mm	95.5
Compression ratio	9
Engine capacity, cc	2693
Engine power, hp/rpm	112-143/4400
Torque, Nm/rpm	210-230/3900
Fuel	92
Environmental standards	Euro 3
Engine weight, kg	190
Fuel consumption, l/100 km - city - track - mixed.	- 11.5 -
Oil consumption, g/1000 km	up to 100
Engine oil	5W-30 5W-40 10W-30 10W-40 15W-40 20W-40
How much oil is in the engine	7
Oil change carried out, km	7000
Engine operating temperature, degrees.	~90
Engine life, thousand km - according to the plant - on practice	150 300+
Tuning - potential - without loss of resource	n.d. up to 200
The engine was installed	UAZ Bars UAZ Bukhanka UAZ Patriot UAZ Hunter UAZ Pickup UAZ Cargo UAZ Simbir

Engine malfunctions and repairs Patriot / Bukhanka / Hunter ZMZ-409

The ZMZ-409 engine was created on the basis of the 406 engine, or rather, on the basis of its successor and ZMZ-405 . A 405 block is used (the height of all blocks 405, 406, 409 is the same), a crankshaft with an increased stroke (from 86mm to 94mm), the connecting rods remain old, the pistons are changed, offset by 4mm. That's it, it was 405, it became 409, get your signature.

Modifications of the ZMZ 409 engine

1. ZMZ 409.10 - the main motor, complies with the Euro-2 environmental standard. Power 143 hp
2. ZMZ 40904.10 - analogue of 409.10 with a new CPG, new gaskets, DBP, complies with the Euro-3 environmental standard. Power 128 hp Installed on Patriot, Hunter, Pickup, Cargo.
3. ZMZ 40905.10 - analogue of 40904.10, compliance with the Euro-4 environmental standard. Power 128 hp Installed on Patriot, Hunter, Pickup, Cargo.
4. ZMZ 4091.10 - a deformed lower version of ZMZ 40904.10, another receiver, camshafts (lift 8, phase 240), firmware, complies with the Euro-3 environmental standard. Used on UAZ loaves. Power 112 hp
5. ZMZ 40911.10 - analogue of ZMZ 4091.10, DAD, meets the Euro-4 environmental standard. Used on UAZ loaves. Power 112 hp
6. ZMZ 4092.10 - non-serial motor. Power 160 hp Used on the Volga.

Malfunctions of ZMZ 409 engines

Due to the fact that the design of the motor is similar to ZMZ-406 and ZMZ-405, the problems are similar, you can familiarize yourself with the faults I .

Engine tuning Patriot / Loaf / Hunter ZMZ-409

Boosting ZMZ 409. Turbine. Compressor

Since the 409 engine is used mainly in SUVs, there is no point in considering the option of building a powerful naturally aspirated engine on wide-phase camshafts. The main goal of UAZ owners is to make the engine low-powered and high-torque. The camshafts are standard, the head needs to be modified, the factory one is of very low quality, we go through the cylinder head and manifold channels, grind them, Garrett 17 turbine, manifold for it, intercooler, 440cc injectors, 63mm direct-flow exhaust, set up. We blow up to 0.6 bar and get our ~170 hp. with a significant increase in torque at the bottom.
How to build fast riding motors was described in the article on the 406th engine body