Kids love to use imitations of adult equipment, various devices, or operating units in games. Not everyone can buy a high-quality, practical and durable excavator for a playground, but they can create a working one with their own hands. mechanical model By ready plan, every home master can do it.
Step-by-step assembly of a children's excavator
Most pairings are fixed using welding seams. You can make the base yourself from a profile if the old disk is missing.
The assembly algorithm consists of the following points:
- On car disk We weld the bearing coaxially along the outer race, reinforcing it with metal gussets.
- We weld a vertical stand of approximately 0.5 m to the inner frame, and horizontally to it we weld a beam on which the chair and wings will be mounted. To reduce the load, we support the longer part of the console at an angle with an additional stand.
- We mount the levers. The right one is rigidly connected at 90 degrees to the beam to ensure lifting of the load. The left one has several sections to pull the bucket through.
- We cut a ladle from a sheet. It consists of side cheeks, a working sheet with teeth and back side. We butt weld it.
- We are preparing a stand for the bucket with a height of 30 cm. To the central part of it we weld the ears for the hinge, which helps in raking, and to the upper end we weld the ears for the hinge, which is responsible for lifting the bucket.
- We bend the beams slightly, cutting them with a grinder in two places at a distance of 25 and 50 cm from the edge to bring their ends closer to the vertical stand of the bucket.
- We cut off the beam for raking so that in the farthest position the control lever is horizontal.
- We weld the hinge ears to the lever.
- We install plywood for the chair or a wooden plank at the operator’s seat.
We paint the product to protect it from corrosion, selecting bright colors. We mount it in a sandbox so that the range of action remains within the perimeter.
The video shows a version of a home mini excavator from one of the masters.
Every time when carrying out excavation work, especially in small-scale construction, the question arises: to dig with a shovel (this will take a lot of time) or - 30 minutes. You can consider many options, and not get universal advice that it is better to construct a mini-excavator with your own hands, take rent or purchase such equipment. But it is necessary to analyze the pros and cons, difficulties and advantages of building a homemade unit. TO important stages let's include:
- Preparation
- Construction
- Manufacturing
- Assembly.
Whether to make or buy a mini excavator yourself - that is the question.
The mini installation is multifunctional, compactness, ease of transportation and is perfect for small construction projects or private owners.
Buying or making a homemade mini excavator will depend on several details: financial capabilities and technical skills. If your budget allows you to spend $15,000 or more on the purchase of such equipment, of course it’s easier to buy and work for pleasure.
If you have one short-term task - digging a trench or foundation for a house - it may be easier to rent it.
If you still want to create a unit with your own hands, then you must have:
- A burning desire to do it yourself;
- Time to implement the idea;
- Engineering and technical knowledge and skills, including knowledge of hydraulics, electric and gas welding work, metalworking skills;
- Availability of finance - with good skills, it will significantly reduce the cost of building an excavator yourself;
- Availability necessary tools and equipment.
Typology of excavators - let's decide what exactly we need.
Having decided to design it yourself, you must understand which type of mini excavator is right for you. There are autonomous and trailed types.
If you have a walk-behind tractor or a mini tractor at your disposal, it would be logical to create a trailed excavator with an additional attachment point.
If the old one is available car engine, then you it’s easier to create an autonomous unit with a chassis and a block for earthworks.
Having caught fire with the idea of how to make a homemade trailed mini excavator with your own hands, you should consider that the process will not be easy, you need knowledge and skills.
The design of a mini excavator and its features.
To construct a mini excavator, you need to make a diagram of your model, know the features of all elements, components, parts. The design principle of a homemade mini excavator is similar to industrial technologies.
If you have certain engineering skills, you can try to create an excavator design yourself. But much It’s easier to take advantage of the many ideas on the Internet forums.
When choosing designs, it should be noted that on foreign sites all measurements are indicated in inches, and they need to be converted to domestic system measurements.
Having decided on the design, we make an estimate, without which we will not see all the nuances of a homemade excavator construction. In the estimate we indicate:
- Required Supplies
- Spare parts and parts
- Equipment for the production of spare parts
- Tools (availability or access)
- Approximate costs for manufacturing an excavator.
Having done all this, you can decide whether it is worth building it yourself or whether it is better to rent.
Drawings are not a problem.
Having calculated your finances and decided on the possibilities, have you decided to build an excavator yourself? An excellent solution, creative pleasure will be guaranteed to you!
And the next stage will be drawings of a homemade mini excavator.
To create drawings yourself, you must have engineering skills and calculation skills. Here it will be important to draw every detail and make all the calculations.
You can use the help of Internet resources, because if you know what type of mini excavator you will be making, finding drawings on the Internet will not be so difficult.
Drawings of a trailed mini excavator will be much lighter and simpler than an autonomous excavator, the manufacture of which requires significant more details and nodes.
Basic components - what are they, how to assemble them and is it worth buying?
Having found all the necessary drawings, or made them ourselves, we proceed to the main components of the mini excavator, simultaneously estimating their cost.
We will make the frame from channel 8 or 10 using electric welding. We will attach the old beam from the car to the resulting frame, removing the springs and springs from it. An option would be to mount the wheels on a homemade axle. Among the costs we have: about 12 meters of channel, a car beam, and your work.
It is easier to make a two-arm manipulator from the same channels welded into a rectangular profile. When manufacturing a manipulator, you will need to calculate everything, and without engineering skills it will be difficult to do this. Therefore, perhaps the manipulator is better buy ready.
As for the equipment, if you still decide to make the manipulator yourself, you will need machines - milling, turning, metalworking.
The cost of a finished manipulator will be approximately 30% less than making it yourself.
Hydraulics - the choice here is wide, oil pumps are suitable, types: NSh-10, NSh-32, NSh-150, pumps need to be bought, and preferably new ones. But the cylinders for the manipulator are also suitable for used ones from MAZ or KAMAZ, size 63x40x500. For the control unit you can find, if you try, a used hydraulic distributor RGS 253, MRS 70.4.
It is advisable to take a ready-made boom and install it together with hydraulics, since there is a high possibility of errors in calculations when designing this unit. A boom from an old loader is quite suitable.
Drive - which is better and how to choose.
Having scoured the Internet and talked on forums, you will see a strong tendency for our homemade craftsmen to use a diesel drive for hydraulics when choosing. Industrial models also use diesel. IN self-production cheaper to take Chinese engine"Lifan". You can of course experiment with domestic engines, but it depends on your skills.
Mini-excavator reliable assistant in excavation work, it is compact and convenient, but not without its drawbacks. The first of the shortcomings can be called low speed, this equipment is not very mobile, and the digging depth is small due to the size of the mini excavator. But for small construction projects this technique is quite suitable.
We are building a bucket - features of selection and installation.
The ladle is ours workhorse. The direct load during excavation work falls on this important unit.
Buckets for mini excavators need to be made durable so that the equipment lasts long and efficiently. We make a bucket from two sides and a bottom using electric welding. During manufacturing, we will strengthen the bucket structure by welding stiffeners and fangs. We can make teeth from “fingers” from the tracks of old tractors.
You can also buy a ready-made ladle, but it’s not difficult to make it yourself, there are no complicated calculations, the choice is yours.
The choice of a mini excavator depends only on your desires and capabilities. If you have assessed your capabilities and decided to build your own mini excavator, you will get a lot of pleasure from the process and the results of your work. If your financial position allows you to buy new model- wonderful, it will last a long time and effectively.
But for a technically creative person, the real pleasure will still be to create your own model. It is important here that the results of your work do not fade after calculating the costs of construction. If you are not confident in your strengths and skills, your mini excavator may cost you more than buying a ready-made one.
Photos of homemade mini excavators
Several options for making homemade units:
Video about homemade products
A short video about one of the homemade products:
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Compact construction equipment, is very popular. Small dimensions, economical consumption fuel, while maintaining the functionality of a full-fledged model. Excavators were no exception. Small-sized earthmoving equipment, ideal for small construction companies, utilities and individuals.
Thanks to a wide range mounted units, the mini excavator is capable of performing large list works But there is one problem: such models cost from 300,000 rubles, so not every person can afford such a purchase. What to do in this case? There is only one way out: construct a mini-excavator with your own hands.
Preparatory stage of work
First you need to decide what kind of excavator you need. There are two types of small earthmoving equipment: self-propelled or trailed. In the first case, you will need an engine so that the excavator can move independently. In the second case, the equipment can be attached to a tractor or other tractor. It is worth noting that mounted models are much easier to make with your own hands than self-propelled ones.
Any work on creating equipment begins with drawings. This will help you calculate better tractive effort, decide on the amount of material, and think over appearance excavator. You can prepare the drawings yourself, or use ready-made sketches on the Internet.
Selecting the necessary nodes
So that a compact excavator is practically no inferior to more heavy vehicles, it is made according to their model. Respectively homemade model must have the following elements:
- Chassis. When creating a trailed version, a metal welded frame and one pair of wheels are suitable.
- Engine. Considering that the equipment will work with a tractor, powerful power unit it makes no sense to put it. You can get by small engine, power from 6.4 kW. This is quite enough to start the hydraulic pump.
- Platform. The main components and mechanisms will be located here steering and an operator's chair.
- Hydraulic system. This includes: pump, filter, connecting hoses and hydraulic valves.
- Boom with bucket. This working element can be purchased ready-made.
Let's get started
Some home craftsmen assemble a homemade mini-excavator from ready-made units. Required Parts are purchased in stores, but in this case, it will be much easier and cheaper to buy a ready-made model. Therefore we will consider the option self-assembly from old parts. 
It is recommended to make this element from metal channel No. 8 or 10. The channel is cut into pieces of the required length and connected to each other by welding. The wheel axle from the old one is attached to the frame car trailer. Metal sheets are welded to the channel on top; this will be a platform for the equipment. It is recommended to immediately determine the location for attaching the boom and strengthen it additional sheets iron and brackets.
Boom with bucket. If you do not have experience in assembling complex mechanisms, then it is better to buy a ready-made arrow. When making your own boom, it is recommended to use round or square pipes with a wall thickness of 6-8 millimeters. The boom consists of three parts, which are connected to each other by hinges or bushings.
You can weld the ladle yourself, from metal sheets. To make the structure strong enough, it is recommended to strengthen the upper part with an additional strip of metal, insert longitudinal stiffening ribs and make “fangs”. To make bucket teeth, you can use metal “fingers” borrowed from the tracks of an old tractor. 
This is the most complex element of a mini excavator. The hydraulic system is responsible for the operation of the boom. To lower, swing and move the boom you will need 3 hydraulic cylinders. Another one will be responsible for controlling the bucket. You can remove them from any old truck, where the cylinders are responsible for raising the cabin. 
Make it yourself hydraulic cylinder It’s almost impossible, so don’t waste time, but go to car depots and garages. There you can probably find the part you need.
For the hydraulic system to work, a pump must be installed. The NSh-10 gear type pump is ideal. Complete with the pump, you can use a four-section hydraulic distributor R-16A or RGS-253. All hydraulic equipment connected to each other by hoses. The pump is connected to the engine, and an oil container is installed on the platform.
Finishing touches
As you can see, you can make a mini-excavator with just a little effort. Basically, after the above assembly steps, homemade equipment ready for use. To work comfortably, you can make a canopy or a small cabin from a metal profile. Install a seat inside passenger car. If you plan to work in dark time day, it makes sense to think about lighting.
Before you start assembling, think about whether it would be better to purchase a ready-made mini-excavator? Homemade options are not much cheaper and require certain skills during assembly.
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Which can be an excellent toy for developing mechanics in children. So, we will make an excavator from syringes.
We will need:
- 5 syringes for 20 cubes;
- 5 syringes for 5 cubes;
- plastic clamps;
- nuts, washers and bolts with a diameter of 4 mm;
- wooden rulers;
- rail 30x10 cm;
- drip system.
The first step is to make an arrow from a batten. Below we present the drawings and markings.
You need to make the second half of the arrow from two rulers.
We connect the halves of the boom with a bolt, washers and a nut.
We place a piece of lath between the rulers to give the arrow its shape.
Cut the ruler lengthwise and make two holes along the edges.
We also glue a piece of slats between the resulting pieces.
We also make an excavator tower from slats.
We connect two tower blanks to the boom.
A 2 cm thick board will serve as a frame, so we cut out a round blank on which the arrow will be attached.
We make grooves on the round blank according to the size of the tower blanks. The tower can also be connected using iron corners. If you have made cuts, you can additionally glue the tower with hot glue.
We glue a piece of lath between the two elements of the tower so as not to pinch the arrow when tightening it.
We glue the cuttings of the ruler to give the required thickness.
The base can be made from a piece of board 3 cm thick. Drill a hole on the base and insert a bolt.
Let's move on to making the ladle. The blanks are shown in the photo below.
We assemble the ladle with a glue gun.
We make a groove in the boom rail in which a small syringe can be attached. We fix the syringe with a plastic clamp.
We connect the boom to the bucket using a wire, which should connect the ruler of the bucket to the clamp.
We connect the remaining moving places in the same way. According to the author, the places where the clamps are tightened must be wrapped with a thick layer of electrical tape so as not to bend the syringe. Also, do not tighten the clamps too tightly.
At all times, tools and equipment that combined different functionality. A similar trend applies to the technology that is usually used on your suburban area. On the market for relevant products you can find mini-tractors and walk-behind tractors. Each model has different attachments. All this allows you to carry out municipal and agricultural work. Manufacturers of attachments miss one important operation, which is required from time to time in the process of maintaining household. This includes all kinds of earthworks. It is quite difficult to find additional attachments for tractors and walk-behind tractors, which would help in carrying out excavation work. Of course, you can purchase a mini excavator, but it can cost upwards of $7,000. Making a mini-excavator with your own hands is quite simple; for this you will only need to stock up on a certain set of tools and materials. For the manufacture of the mentioned engine-based equipment internal combustion or walk-behind tractor, you will need to stock up on metalworking equipment, welding and
Work technology
If you need a trench, for example, for a foundation, then you can get by with a shovel, but carrying out such work involves spending large quantity time, but using an excavator it will be possible to complete such manipulations in just 30 minutes. In order to make a mini-excavator with your own hands, you will need to carry out three stages, the first of which is preparation, the second stage is manufacturing, and the final stage will involve the need for assembly.
Preparatory work
Initially, you will need to decide on the basis of what and by what technology it will be manufactured. homemade excavator. If you have a mini-tractor or walk-behind tractor, it is best to make it with fastenings, so you will have to be guided by the methodology that is used to fix snow removal equipment. If you have an engine from an old car, then you can make a mini-excavator with your own hands by creating a tractor chassis adapted for excavation work.
Let's start production
The frame will be based on a channel, which has a standard size of 8 or 10. The elements will be connected to each other by welding. A beam from a car trailer or a used car is attached to this system. In this case, the workpiece will need to be deprived of springs and leaf springs. As alternative solution favors the use of a homemade axle. When you make a mini-excavator with your own hands, the axle is installed on the wheels. At this point we can consider it ready. The entire volume of the channel, taking into account the manipulator and brackets, will require 12 meters of material.
Work methodology
If you make a mini-excavator with your own hands, you can easily draw up drawings of this equipment yourself or borrow from the article. It is recommended to make the manipulator two-knee, this will allow you to get more simple design. Manufacturing is best done from welded channels that are joined together. As a result, you should get a rectangular profile to which brackets made of metal are fixed. Their thickness should be 10 millimeters. Other structural components include brackets, pins and movement mechanisms. During manufacturing you will need to use milling, drilling and turning tools. You can make some parts, such as the bucket, yourself or purchase them ready-made.
Supplying an excavator with hydraulic equipment
If you decide to make a homemade mini-excavator with your own hands, then it is important to think about the hydraulic equipment; in this matter, the master will have enough wide choose. With my heart hydraulic system acts like NSh-10. The NSh-32 and NSh-150 varieties are also popular. If we are talking about latest model, then it is recommended to use it exclusively in a new form. Cylinders for the operation of the bucket and manipulator can be previously used, hydraulic cylinders for raising the cab, which are borrowed from KAMAZ or MAZ, are excellent. If you are making homemade mini-excavators, you can purchase new cylinders based on the dimensions 63 x 40. You will have to pay about $100 per unit of such a product. For control, it is preferable to use a hydraulic distributor of the RGS 253-x or MRS 70.4 brand. These elements should have three or four sections. If you cannot find these add-ons that were already in use, you will need to prepare $150 to purchase them.
Carrying out installation work
Making a mini excavator with your own hands is quite simple. On next stage You can begin assembling the structure on the chassis. Through a rubber coupling or connecting shaft, you need to connect the power take-off shaft of the walk-behind tractor, as well as oil pump hydraulic system. All hydraulic equipment must be connected to each other using rubber hoses of impressive pressure. On final stage finished products should be painted to prevent corrosion.
Manufacturing of additional parts
If you decide to make a trailed mini-excavator with your own hands, then individual parts of the boom can be made using square pipes with a side of 80 millimeters. You can use sheet metal for this, which should have a thickness ranging from 6 to 8 millimeters. Blanks are first cut out of it, bent, and then welded together. If you plan to make a ladle yourself, then you need to use metal of the above-mentioned thickness. In order to strengthen the structure, a belt will have to be welded onto it in the upper part. Among other things, the longitudinal ribs must be strengthened. In order to ensure effective work bucket, it must be equipped with fangs, which are made from quality steel. As a second option, fingers borrowed from tractor tracks are often used.
